职称英语教材卫生类阅读理解50篇文章含注释练习及答案解析 专业文档.docx

职称英语教材卫生类阅读理解50篇文章含注释练习及答案解析 专业文档.docx

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职称英语教材卫生类阅读理解50篇文章含注释练习及答案解析专业文档

第一篇BringingNanotechnologytoHealthCareforthePoor

Nanotechnologyusesmatteratthelevelofmoleculesandatoms.Researchersarefindingdifferentusesforparticleswithalengthofonenanometer,orone-billionthofameter.Theseincludethingslikebeautyproducts1anddirt-resistantclothing.Butoneareawheremanyexpertsbelievenanotechnologyholdsgreatpromiseismedicine.

Lastweek,speakersataprograminWashingtondiscussedusingnanotechnologytoimprovehealthcareindevelopingcountries.TheprogramtookplaceattheWoodrowWilsonInternationalCenterforScholars.PeterSingerattheUniversityofTorontosaysananotechnologycalledquantumdots2couldbeusedtoconfirmcasesofmalaria.Hesayskcouldofferabetterwaythanthetraditionalprocessoflookingataperson'sbloodunderamicroscope.

Inpoorcountries,thisprocessisoftennotfollowed.Asaresult,sickpeoplemaygettreatedformalariaeveniftheydonothaveit.Suchmisuseofmedicinescanleadtodrugresistance.Quantumdotsareparticlesthatgiveoff3lightwhenactivated.Researchersarestudyingwaystoprogramthemtoidentifydiseasesbylightingupinthepresenceofatargetedmolecule.4

Expertssaynanotechnologyshowspromisenotjustfordiagnosingdiseases,butalsofortreatingthem.PiotrGrodzinskioftheNationalInstitutesofHealth5talkedabouthownanotechnologycouldmakedrugsmoreeffective.Hetalkedaboutcancerdrugsalreadydevelopedwithnanotechnology.Hesaysifadrugcantargetacancerlocallyinthebody,thenmuchlessofitmightbeneeded,andthatmeanslowersideeffects.6

AndrewMaynardischiefscientistfortheProjectonEmergingNanotechnologiesattheWoodrowWilsonCenter.HenotedthatBrazil,India,ChinaandSouthAfricaarecurrentlydoingnanotechnologyresearchthatcouldhelppoorcountries.Buthealsonotedthatthereissomeriskinusingnano-materials.Hesaysnanometer-sizedparticlesbehavedifferentlyinthebodyandtheenvironmentcomparedtolargerparticles7.Expertssaymoreinvestmentinresearchisneededtobetterunderstandtheserisks.

词汇：

nanotechnology/'naensutekinDbdsiIn.纳米

技术

matter/丨maet9（r）/n.物质

molecule/'mDlikjuil/n.分子

atom/'aetsm/n.原子

nanometer/'naensumiito（r）/n.纳米，毫微

米（长度单位，=10_9m）one-billionthn.十亿分之一dirt-resistantadj.防尘的，防污的promise/'prDmis/n.希望，前途program/'prsugraem/（=programme）n.节目，节目单；vt.为……编制程序scholar/丨skDb（r）/n.学者quantum/'kwDntom/n.量；量子dot/dDt/n.（小）点，圆点confirm/kan丨f3:

m/vt.确认;证实case/keis/n.病症；病例；患者malaria/m^'lesria/n.症（疾）misuse/ifnis'juis/vt.误用，滥用；n.误用，滥用

particle/'paitikl/n.颗粒，微粒；粒子activate/'aektiveit/vt.使激活identify/（a）i丨dentifai/vt.辨认diagnose/'daisgn^uz/vt.诊断（疾病）

investment/in1vestment/n.投资；投资额

注释：

1.beautyproduct:

美容产品

2.quantumdot（QD）:

量子点。

可取代传统染色法，成为细胞内的荧光标记物，可进行长时间、多分子、同时检测。

3.giveoff:

放出；发出（蒸汽、光线、烟雾、气味等）

4.Researchersarestudyingwaystoprogramthemtoidentifydiseasesbylightingupinthepresenceofatargetedmolecule.研究人员正在研究为它们编程的方法，以便如果有靶分子存在时能通过发光辨认疾病olightup点灯;发光otargetedmolecule:

靶分子。

5.NationalInstitutesofHealth（NIH）：

国立卫生研究院

6.sideeffect:

副作用

7.comparedtolargerparticles:

如果与大一点的颗粒比较起来的话。

这是一个过去分词短语，作条件状语。

练习：

WhichofthefollowingusesofnanotechnologyisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

ATomakebeautyproductsanddirt-resistantclothing.,

BToproducebetterandlighterbuildingmaterials.CTohelpmoreaccuratelydiagnosediseases.DTohelpmoreeffectivelytreatdiseases.

Howcanquantumdotsbeusedtoconfirmdiseases?

ABytraditionallylookingataperson'sbloodunderamicroscope.BBylettingapersontakesomekindofmedicine.CBylightingupinthepresenceofatargetedmolecule.DBysubjectingapersontoanX-rayexamination.

Howcannanotechnologybeusedtomakeadrugmoreeffective?

ABymakingadrugtargetthefocusofadisease.

BBychangingthestructureofthebodycells.CByloweringthesideeffectscausedbyadrug.DBylettingapatienttakeadoseaslargeaspossible.

ThefollowingdevelopingcountriesaredoingverywellscientificresearchonnanotechnologyEXCEPT

AChinaBBrazilCIranDIndia

Whichofthefollowingisthepossibleriskinusingnano-materialsmentionedinthepassage?

ATheymaycausesomedamagetothebodycells.

BTheyareharmfulmaterialsthemselves.CTheymaystoreinthebody.

DTheymaybehavedifferentlyinthebodyandtheenvironment.答案与题解：

1.B本题i项A在第一段第三句提到，选项C在第二段倒数第二句和第四段第一句提到,选项D则在第四段第二、三、四句提到，只有选项B全文均未提及。

2.C第三段最后两句说到，如果存在靶分子的话，量子点就会发光，以此辨认疾病，这正是本题答案。

Brazil/brs'zil/n.巴西nano-materialn.纳米材料

3.A口第&段全段都在讲纳米技术如何提高药物疗效，而中心就在于纳米技术能使药物对准疾?

病病灶（文章中实际是举已经研发的治癌药为例）从而提高药物疗效。

4.C第五段第二句已经说得很清楚，其中并没有Iran。

5.D第五段第三句说到，纳米技术的应用存在一定的风险,因为与较大颗粒相比，纳米材料的颗粒在体内和在体外环境中的作用可能不太一样。

第二篇MedicalJournals

Medicaljournalsarepublicationsthatreportmedicalinformationtophysiciansandotherhealthprofessionals.

Inthepast,thesejournalswereavailableonlyinprint.Withthedevelopmentofelectronicpublishing,manymedicaljournalsnowhaveWebsitesontheInternet,andsomejournalspublishonlyonline.Afewmedicaljournals,liketheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,areconsideredgeneralmedicaljournalsbecausetheycovermanyfieldsofmedicine.Mostmedicaljournalsarespecialtyjournalsthatfocusonaparticularareaofmedicine.

Medicaljournalspublishmanytypesofarticles.Researcharticlesreporttheresultsofresearchstudiesonarangeoftopicsvaryingfromthebasicmechanismsofdiseasestoclinicaltrialsthatcompareoutcomesofdifferenttreatments.Reviewarticlessummarizeandanalyzetheinformationavailableonaspecifictopicbasedonacarefulsearchofthemedicalliterature.Becausetheresultsofindividualresearchstudiescanbeaffectedbymanyfactors,combiningresultsfromdifferentstudiesonthesametopiccanbehelpfulinreachingconclusionsaboutthescientificevidenceforpreventing，diagnosingortreatingaparticulardisease.1Caseconferencesandcasereportsmaybepublishedinmedicaljournalstoeducatephysiciansaboutparticularillnessesandhowtotreatthem.Editorialsinmedicaljournalsareshortessaysthatexpresstheviewsoftheauthors，oftenregardingaresearchorreviewarticlepublishedinthesameissue.Editorialsprovideperspectiveonhowthecurrentarticlefitswithotherinformationonthesametopic.Letterstotheeditorprovideawayforreadersofthemedicaljournaltoexpresscomments，questionsorcriticismsaboutarticlespublishedinthatjournal.

词汇：

professional/prs'fejQnl/n.入员specialty/'spejalti/n.f业

online/^n'lain/adv.联机地,联线地summarize/丨SAm3丨raiz/vt.总结，概述

注释：

1.Becausetheresultsofindividualresearchstudiescanbeaffectedbymanyfactors,combiningresultsfromdifferentstudiesonthesametopiccanbehelpfulinreachingconclusionsaboutthescientificevidenceforpreventing,diagnosingortreatingaparticulardisease.由于个体研究的

结果可能受很多因素的影响，因此将有关同一题目的不同研究的结果汇总起来，可能有助于得出有关预防、诊断或是治疗某一疾病所需的科学证据的结论。

练习：

1.Themainreadersofmedicaljournalsare

Athegeneralpublic.Bhealthprofessionals.

Cmedicalcritics.Dnewsreporters.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

AManymedicaljournalsalsopublishonline.

BAfewmedicaljournalsaregeneralmedicaljournals.GMostmedicaljournalspublishonlyonline.

DMostmedicaljournalsarespecialtyjournals.

Howmanymajortypesofarticlesarementionedinthepassage?

AFive.BSeven.CFour.DSix.

Anarticledealingwithresultsfromdifferentstudiesonthesametopiciscalled

Aaresearcharticle.Bareviewarticle.

Cacasereport.Daneditorial.

Letterstotheeditorenablereadersofamedicaljournaltoexpresscommentson

Aanymedicalevent.Barticlespublishedinthesameissue.

Carticlespublishedinthatjournal.Dmedicaldevelopment.

答案与题解：

1.B从文i的第一段可以得知，医学杂志主要向医生和其他医务人员提供医学信息。

2.C从文章第二段可以得知，许多医学杂志既有铅印版，也有网络版；部分医学杂志则只有网络版。

大部分医学杂志都是专业杂志，只有少数医学杂志被认为是普通医学杂志。

3.A文章的第三段提到了五大类型的文章，即科研论文、综述文章、病例会诊和病理报告、社论与读者来信o

4.B从文章第1段可以得知,将有关同一题目的不同研究的结果加以归纳与分析的文章被称为综述文章。

5.C从文章第三段的最后一句话可以得知，读者来信主要涉及读者对本医学杂志刊载的文章所进行的评论等。

第三篇CookingOUFumesCauseTumor

Theleadingcauseoflungcanceramongwomeninthecitywascookingoilfumeswhilemenaremorelikelytodevelopthediseasefromsmoking,saidmedicalexpertsafterafive-yearresearch

study署

Doctorsannouncedtheresultsyesterdaywithanalysisonsomenewtendenciesinlungcancer.Theysaidpatientsareyounger,especiallywomen.

AccordingtotheShanghaiTumorresearchInstitute,morelocalresidentsdieoflungcancerinthecitythananythingelse.Followingbreastcancer,ithasthesecond-highestincidencerate.

"Anunhealthylifestyleisaveryimportantreasonforlungcancer,"saidDrHeYuminfromShanghaiMinshenTraditionalChineseMedicineTumorDiagnosisandTreatmentCenter.Hefollowed2,276lungcancerpatientsforfiveyears.Amongthem,1,483weremale.Smokingcauses70percentofcasesamongmenwhileonly18percentoffemalepatientsdevelopedcancerfromsmokingorinhalingsecond-handsmoke，accordingtothereport.

However,morethan60percentofwomenwiththediseasehadlongterm,closecontactwithstrongoilfumesfromcookingandcomplainedabout1irritatedeyesandthroat.

About32percentofwomenfriedfoodsinboilingoilinunventilatedkitchensandabout25percentofwomen'sbedroomswereadjacentto2thekitchen.

However,localwomenweresurprisedtolearncookingoilfumescouldleadtocancer.Someclaimedtheymaychangefoodpreparationmethods.

"UnlessmyfamilyandIdon'teatathomeeveryday,Imuststayinthekitchentocook,"saidXuLi,a45-year-oldlocalwoman."Iknowthefumesarebadfortheskin,butitisthefirsttime