职称英语教材卫生类阅读理解50篇文章含注释练习及答案解析 专业文档.docx

1、职称英语教材卫生类阅读理解50篇文章含注释练习及答案解析 专业文档第一篇 Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the PoorNanotechnology uses matter at the level of molecules and atoms. Researchers are finding different uses for particles with a length of one nanometer, or one-billionth of a meter. These include things like beauty p

2、roducts1 and dirt-resistant clothing. But one area where many experts believe nanotechnology holds great promise is medicine.Last week, speakers at a program in Washington discussed using nanotechnology to improve health care in developing countries. The program took place at the Woodrow Wilson Inte

3、rnational Center for Scholars. Peter Singer at the University of Toronto says a nanotechnology called quantum dots2 could be used to confirm cases of malaria. He says k could offer a better way than the traditional process of looking at a persons blood under a microscope.In poor countries, this proc

4、ess is often not followed. As a result, sick people may get treated for malaria even if they do not have it. Such misuse of medicines can lead to drug resistance. Quantum dots are particles that give off3 light when activated. Researchers are studying ways to program them to identify diseases by lig

5、hting up in the presence of a targeted molecule.4Experts say nanotechnology shows promise not just for diagnosing diseases, but also for treating them. Piotr Grodzinski of the National Institutes of Health5 talked about how nanotechnology could make drugs more effective. He talked about cancer drugs

6、 already developed with nanotechnology. He says if a drug can target a cancer locally in the body, then much less of it might be needed, and that means lower side effects.6Andrew Maynard is chief scientist for the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies at the Woodrow Wilson Center. He noted that Brazi

7、l, India, China and South Africa are currently doing nanotechnology research that could help poor countries. But he also noted that there is some risk in using nano-materials. He says nanometer-sized particles behave differently in the body and the environment compared to larger particles7. Experts

8、say more investment in research is needed to better understand these risks. 词汇：nanotechnology / naensutekinDbdsi In.纳米技术matter /丨maet9(r)/ n.物质molecule /mDlikjuil/ n.分子atom /aetsm/ n.原子nanometer /naensumiito(r) / n.纳米，毫微米(长度单位，=10_9m) one-billionth n.十亿分之一 dirt-resistant adj.防尘的，防污的 promise /prDmis/

9、 n.希望，前途 program /prsugraem/ ( = programme) n.节 目，节目单；vt.为编制程序 scholar /丨skDb(r) / n.学者 quantum /kwDntom/ n.量；量子 dot /dDt/ n.(小）点，圆点 confirm /kan丨f3:m/ vt.确认;证实 case / keis/ n.病症；病例；患者 malaria /mlesria/ n.症（疾） misuse /ifnisjuis/ vt.误用，滥用；n.误用， 滥用particle /paitikl/ n.颗粒，微粒；粒子 activate /aektiveit/ vt.

10、使激活 identify /(a)i丨dentifai/ vt.辨认 diagnose /daisgnuz/ vt.诊断（疾病） investment /in1 vestment/ n.投资；投资额注释：1. beauty product:美容产品2. quantum dot (QD):量子点。可取代传统染色法，成为细胞内的荧光标记物，可进行长时间、 多分子、同时检测。3. give off:放出；发出（蒸汽、光线、烟雾、气味等）4. Researchers are studying ways to program them to identify diseases by lighting u

11、p in the presence of a targeted molecule.研究人员正在研究为它们编程的方法，以便如果有靶分子存在时能通 过发光辨认疾病o light up点灯;发光o targeted molecule:靶分子。5. National Institutes of Health (NIH)：国立卫生研究院6. side effect:副作用7. compared to larger particles:如果与大一点的颗粒比较起来的话。这是一个过去分词短语，作 条件状语。练习： Which of the following uses of nanotechnology is

12、 NOT mentioned in the passage? A To make beauty products and dirt-resistant clothing. ,B To produce better and lighter building materials. C To help more accurately diagnose diseases. D To help more effectively treat diseases. How can quantum dots be used to confirm diseases?A By traditionally looki

13、ng at a persons blood under a microscope. B By letting a person take some kind of medicine. C By lighting up in the presence of a targeted molecule. D By subjecting a person to an X-ray examination. How can nanotechnology be used to make a drug more effective? A By making a drug target the focus of

14、a disease.B By changing the structure of the body cells. C By lowering the side effects caused by a drug. D By letting a patient take a dose as large as possible. The following developing countries are doing very well scientific research on nanotechnology EXCEPT A China B Brazil C Iran D India Which

15、 of the following is the possible risk in using nano-materials mentioned in the passage? A They may cause some damage to the body cells.B They are harmful materials themselves. C They may store in the body.D They may behave differently in the body and the environment. 答案与题解：1. B本题i项A在第一段第三句提到，选项C在第二

16、段倒数第二句和第四段第一句提到,选 项D则在第四段第二、三、四句提到，只有选项B全文均未提及。2. C第三段最后两句说到，如果存在靶分子的话，量子点就会发光，以此辨认疾病，这正是本 题答案。Brazil /brszil/ n.巴西 nano-material n.纳米材料3. A 口第&段全段都在讲纳米技术如何提高药物疗效，而中心就在于纳米技术能使药物对准疾?病病灶（文章中实际是举已经研发的治癌药为例）从而提高药物疗效。4. C第五段第二句已经说得很清楚，其中并没有Iran。5. D第五段第三句说到，纳米技术的应用存在一定的风险,因为与较大颗粒相比，纳米材料的 颗粒在体内和在体外环境中的作用可

17、能不太一样。第二篇 Medical JournalsMedical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet,

18、and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.Medical jo

19、urnals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a sp

20、ecific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing，diagnos

21、ing or treating a particular disease.1 Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors，often regarding a research or re

22、view article published in the same issue. Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments，questions or criticisms about articles published in that journ

23、al.词汇：professional /prsfejQnl/ n. 入员 specialty /spejalti/ n. f 业online /nlain/ adv.联机地,联线地 summarize /丨SAm3丨raiz/ vt.总结，概述注释：1. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching co

24、nclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease.由于个体研究的结果可能受很多因素的影响，因此将有关同一题目的不同研究的结果汇总起来，可能有助于 得出有关预防、诊断或是治疗某一疾病所需的科学证据的结论。练习：1. The main readers of medical journals areA the general public. B health professionals.C medical critics. D news reporte

25、rs.2. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A Many medical journals also publish online.B A few medical journals are general medical journals. G Most medical journals publish only online.D Most medical journals are specialty journals.How many major types of articles are mentioned in the pas

26、sage?A Five. B Seven. C Four. D Six.An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is calledA a research article. B a review article.C a case report. D an editorial.Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments onA any medical event. B articl

27、es published in the same issue.C articles published in that journal. D medical development.答案与题解：1. B从文i的第一段可以得知，医学杂志主要向医生和其他医务人员提供医学信息。2. C从文章第二段可以得知，许多医学杂志既有铅印版，也有网络版；部分医学杂志则只有网 络版。大部分医学杂志都是专业杂志，只有少数医学杂志被认为是普通医学杂志。3. A文章的第三段提到了五大类型的文章，即科研论文、综述文章、病例会诊和病理报告、社 论与读者来信o4. B从文章第 1段可以得知,将有关同一题目的不同研究的结果加以

28、归纳与分析的文章被称 为综述文章。5. C从文章第三段的最后一句话可以得知，读者来信主要涉及读者对本医学杂志刊载的文章 所进行的评论等。第三篇 Cooking OU Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a five-year researchstudy 署Doct

29、ors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger, especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer, it has the se

30、cond-highest incidence rate.An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer, said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center. He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them, 1,483 were male. Smoking causes

31、70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke，according to the report.However, more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about1 irr

32、itated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of womens bedrooms were adjacent to2 the kitchen.However, local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.Unless my family and I dont eat at home every day, I must stay in the kitchen to cook, said Xu Li, a 45-year-old local woman. I know the fumes are bad for the skin, but it is the first time