非谓语doing.docx

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非谓语doing.docx

非谓语doing

非谓语doing

非谓语Doing

1.引入:

回顾什么叫非谓语,即非谓语动词使用条件:

一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(一副主谓),又没有连词(并列连词和从属连词)的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,这个动词就要使用非谓语动词形式。

Iloveyou.

Iloveyoubutyoudontloveme.

Ilovetheboywhodoesn'tloveme.

Cherryenjoyssing.?

?

?

2.非谓语动词形式todo表未作的事情,表目的

Doing表正在进行或客观规律(经常发生)

Done被动

Eg.Cherryenjoyssinging(暗含经常发生)

Eg.IsawXXsittingthere.(表正在进行)

1.分解doing:

Doing表正在进行或客观规律(经常发生)

2.Doing的时态和语态

动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,通常要用完成式,否则都用一般式。

如:

Weareinterestedinplayingchess.

Hewaspraisedforhavingfinishedtheworkaheadoftime.

I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.

及物动词

不及物动词

主动

被动

主动

一般时

doing

beingdone

doing

完成时

havingdone

havingbeendone

havingdone

1.分词的时态

1、与主语动词同时。

如:

Arrivingthere,theyfoundtheboydead.刚一到那儿,他们就发现那男孩死了。

Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,______alongspeechforthepresident.

AtoprepareBpreparingCpreparedDwaspreparing

答案:

B

2、先于主语动词

分词作时间状语,如果先于主动词的动作,且强调先后,要用havingdone。

如:

Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentoutforawalk.

Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewentoutforawalk.

做完作业,他出去散步。

______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.

ANotreceivingBReceivingnot

CNothavingreceivedDHavingnotreceived

答案:

C

2.分词的语态

1、通常情况下,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动。

如:

Heisthemangivingyou/whogaveyouthebook他就是给你书的那个人

Sheisthegirlstoppedby/whowasstoppedbythecar.她就是那个被车拦住的女孩。

2、不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生。

像:

gone,fallen,retired,grown-up,escaped,faded,returned等词。

如:

aretiredperson一个退休的人afallenball一个落下来的球

aburnt-outmatch烧完了的火柴

3.doing的运用

1、作主语

谓语用单数。

It代替动名词作主语,常用于如下结构:

It’snogood/usedoing···如:

Seeingisbelieving.

Playingwithfireisdangerous.It’snogoodwaitinghere.

练一练:

1.__________alanguagerequirestimeandeffort.

A.LearnB.LearningC.TolearnD.Beinglearned

2.Itisnogood__________.Youshouldgive_________.

A.tosmoke,itupB.smoking,itup

C.smoking,upitD.tosmoke,upit

3.Doyouconsideritanygood__________again?

A.totryB.tryC.tryingD.foryoutotry

4.Idon’tthinkit’smuchgood__________tohim.

A.writingB.towriteC.tobewrittenD.beingwritten

5.__________theassignmentmadehisfatherlosehistemper.

A.Theboy’snothavingdoneB.Theboynothavingdone

C.Theboy’shavingnotdoneD.Theboyhavingnotdone

6.Idon’tremember__________aboutit.

A.himtellingusB.histellingus

C.himtotellusD.hetellsus

7.Thereportwasso__________thattheywereall__________.

A.inspiring,excitingB.inspiring,excited

C.inspired,excitedD.inspired,exciting

8.Heseems__________hereforthreeyears.

A.tobelivingB.tohavelived

C.tohavebeenlivedD.tolive

9.---“What’smadeyousoupset?

---“_________threeticketstothepopmusicconcert.”

A.LostB.LosingC.BecauseoflosingD.SinceIlost

Keys:

BBCAABBBB

2、作宾语(做动词宾语和介词宾语)

Ienjoylisteningtomusic/Heoftenpracticesplayingthepianointheevening.

Heisfondofplayingbasketball/Hehasgivenupsmoking.

只能接doing作宾语的动词口诀:

禁不住喜欢介意(嫉妒)。

不喜欢否认,就承认。

建议练习逃避冒险。

考虑原谅彼此,坚持就能成功(完成)。

对此感激不尽。

can’thelp禁不住/can’tstand无法忍受enjoy喜欢mind介意/envy嫉妒,

dislike不喜欢deny否认,admit承认吧,advise建议suggest建议、practise训练avoid避免escape逃避risk冒险Appreciateconsider考虑excuse原谅、宽恕,forgive原谅Keep坚持成功succeed

giveup放弃,putoff推迟,devoteto(to为介词)致力于···,

lookforwardto期望、盼望,stickto坚持,beusedto习惯于,objectto反对,

bebusy忙于···,feelike想要···besurprisedat对……感到惊讶beproudof以……为骄傲succeedin在某方面成功beafraidof害怕

(1)只能接不定式作宾语的动词:

happen碰巧,offer主动提出,promise答应,agree同意,refuse拒绝,decide决定,determine决定、决心,pretend假装,fail未能够,learn,wish希望,hope,expect,afford负担得起。

(2)接doing和不定式均可意义不同的动词:

forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等

Stoptodo停下来去做stopdoing停止做

Forgettodo忘记要做forgetdoing忘记做过

Remembertodo记得要做rememberdoing记得做过

Regrettodo遗憾要做regretdoing后悔做过

Trytodo企图做,尽力做trydoing试着做

Goontodo继续做(另一件事)goondoing继续做(同一件事)

Meantodo打算做meandoing意味做

(3)Need,require,want作“需要”讲,其后用动名词的主动式表示被动意义,beworth也有类似用法。

如:

Theflowersneedwatering/tobewatered.Theproblemisworthdiscussing.

练一练:

1)Markoftenattemptstoescape____wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.

A)havingbeenfinedB)tohavebeenfinedC)tobefinedD)beingfined

2)Mywifesaidinherletterthatshewouldappreciate____fromyousometime.

A)tohaveheardB)tohearC)forhearingD)hearing

3)Thethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout____.

A)beingseenB)seeingC)himseeingD)seeinghim

4)Peopleappreciate____withimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumor.(CET-41998,1)

A)toworkB)tohaveworkedC)workingD)haveworking

5)I'veenjoyed____totalkwithyou.

A)tobeableB)beingableC)tobeenableD)ofbeingable

6)Noonecanavoid____byadvertisements.

A)tobeinfluencedB)beinginfluencedC)influencingD)havinginfluence

7)Theyareconsidering____beforethepricesgoup.

A)ofbuyingthehouseB)withbuyingthehouse

C)buyingthehouseD)tobuythehouse

8)Hethoughtthat____.

A)theeffortdoingthejobwasnotworthB)theeffortwasnotworthindoingthejob

C)itwasnotworththeeffortdoingthejobD)itwasnotworththeeffortbydoingthejob

9)IfIhadremembered____thedoor,thethingswouldnothavebeenstolen.

A)tolockB)lockingC)tohavelockedD)havinglocked

10)Yourshirtneeds____.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.

A)ironB)toironC)ironingD)beingironed

 

Key:

DDACB,BCCAC

3、作表语

此时的doing可以和主语调换位置。

如:

Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.

Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechild.

4、作定语

(1)单个分词作定语,分词前置。

如:

Thesleepingboyismyson./

Theexcitedpeoplerushedintothebuilding.

Alostopportunityneverreturns./Heisaretiredworker.

(2)分词短语作定语,分词后置;分词修饰不定代词something等要后置;个别分词如give,left等作定语也后置。

如:

Thegirlstandingunderthetreeismyniece.

Thereisnothinginteresting.

5.做宾语补足语:

分词和不定式一样,在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。

如:

Ismellsomethingburning./Iheardhimsingingthesong.

Iheardmynamecalled./Ican’tmakemyselfunderstoodinEnglish.

Ifoundmycarmissing.

I’llhavemywatchrepaired.我想把我的手表修一下。

练一练:

Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee______thenextyear.

AcarryoutBcarryingoutCcarriedoutDtocarryout

6.作状语

doing和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。

Notreceivinganyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.

AsIdidn’treceiveanyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.

Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.

Ifmoreattentionwasgiven,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.(条件)

Walkingalongthestreet,Iranacrossmyoldfriend.

Helayonthegrass,lookingintothesky.(伴随)

注意:

(1)选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。

如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出,分词就用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。

试比较:

(Being)Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。

Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用。

(2)分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致,如果不一致,就用独立主格结构,即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。

现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语,一般不用作定语。

高考链接:

1.Thecheerfulandoptimisticrabbitthrewhimselfintolookingforthecarrot,______(dig)hereandthere,totallyconvincedthathewouldfindit.Butthedog,aftersniffing(2012一模)

2.Thedinosaurwasforcedtoadaptandevolvedintoasmalleranimal____(need)lessspaceandfood.(2010一模)

3.Hehadalreadypassedsixtyofthestages_____(lead)tohiscertaingoal,thetomb.(2011高考)

4.scientistMartinSander’sworkshowsthattheywereprobablyfully____(grow)andbelongtothesmallestgiantdinosaurspecieseverfound.(2010高考)

Exercise:

单项选择:

1.Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketball,______thatallchildrenlikethesethings.

AthinkingBthinkCtothinkDthought

2.Ican’tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses______talkingwhilesheworks.

Aworking;stoppingBtowork;stopping

Cworking;tostopDtowork;tostop

3.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways______herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.

AgetsBgotCtogetDgetting

4.Don’tsitthere______nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.

AdoBtodoCdoingDanddoing

5.Thestudentsenteredtheclassroom,smilingand______,and______downtohavetheirlessons.

Atalked;satBtalking;sittingCtalking;satDtalked;sitting

6.WiththemagazineAnExpressWaytoEnglish______us,wehaveimprovedourlanguageskillsalot.

AhelpingBhelpedChashelpedDtohelp

7.Acommunicativesatellite______asmuchas3.5tonswassentupintospacelastweek.

AweighingBweighedCtobeweighedDbeingweighed

8.______manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.

A.HavingbeingtoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold

9.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman______inbed,dead.

A.lyingB.lieC.layD.Laying

10.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithtalks,_______thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.

A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.Added

11._______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.

A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived

12.Whenpassingmehepretended______me.

A.toseeB.nothavingseenC.tohavenotseenD.nottohaveseen

13.Hestillremembers______toShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.

A.takingB.beingtakenC.takenD.havingtaken

14.______therailwaystation,wehadabreak,only______thetrainhadleft.

A.Arrivingat;tofindB.Comingto;discoveringthat

C.Onarrivingat;findingoutD.Hurryingto;tohavefoundout

15.Withtheboy______theway,wehadnotrouble______theway______toZhongshanPark.

A.leading;finding;leadingB.tolead;found;tolead

C.led;finding;ledD.leading;found;led

16.______thesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeingand______fromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglo

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