第5部分 填词补文.docx

第5部分 填词补文.docx

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第5部分填词补文

第五部分：

填词补文

（第31～40题，每题分，共15分）

下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中，10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

分析句子成分，根据所缺的成分确定词类，这样可以大大缩小范围，提高效率和正确率。

现在把句子成分和词类进行匹配：

（1）缺主语用名词或动名词。

例如：

Diligencecanmakeupforalackofintelligence.

Learningaforeignlanguagewellisimportantforus.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor

themissing_______resultedinthe．carelessnessB．

careC．carefulD．

careless【答案】A【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺主语用名词或动名词。

该句空格处要填的词作主语，故选择名词，所以从A或B中进行选择，但B项含义不符，故正确答案为A。

该句的意思是"他的粗心大意引起了这起事故。

"【知识点】填词补文之缺主语用名词或动名词

（2）缺谓语用动词。

例如：

HeishelpingthelittlegirlwithherEnglishnow.

GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasincetheintroductionofthereformand

openingpolicy.

Hertopicwascomplex,butshesimplifieditinawaythatwecouldall

understand.

（3）缺宾语用名词。

例如：

Anypolicythatcreatesunemploymentwillmeetwithstrongresistance.

Thetestmeasureslanguagelearners'achievementinreadingEnglishnovels.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor

themissingIsawher,she_______atthe．workerB．

isworkedC．wasworkingD．

worked【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺谓语用动词。

本句缺少谓语动词，故首先排除A。

B选项时态和从句的时态矛盾，故应排除。

根据时间状语从句，本句的主句部分应该使用过去进行时态，故选C。

【知识点】填词补文之缺谓语用动词

（4）缺表语用形容词或名词。

联系动词包括be（am,is,are），变化词（become,get,turn,go,fall），保持动词（keep,

stay,remain），感官动词（look,sound,taste,smell,feel）等。

例如：

Itisverylovely.

Shewasfrightenedwhensheheardabouttheaccident.

Thetrafficlighthasturnedyellow,soyou'dbetterwaitawhile.

Ifyoudon'tputthemeatinthefridgeinhotsummer,itwillgobadsoon.

Everythinghasfallenquietatthedisappointingnews.

Hedecidedthathewouldkeepsinglehiswholelife.

Tostayhealthy,we'dbetterhaveproperexerciseseveryday.

Theclothfeelsverysoft.

Heisaworkerwhilehiswifeisanactress.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor

themissingteacherhelpedhimstay_______whileteachinghim

mathinhisnativeSpanish.A．smartnessB．beingsmartC．smartD．

smartly【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺少表语用形容词或名词。

本句中stay意为"保持"，是联系动词，后面要接形容词作表语，故正确答案为C。

【知识点】填词补文之缺少表语用形容词或名词

（5）缺定语应该考虑形容词，其次是名词。

例如：

aninterestingstory（此处补充-ing/-ed的区别）

ahugemistake

acarefulstudent

death/birth/marriage/divorcerate

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor

themissingtoldusan_______factthatthe_______rateofthe

studentsinthatsmallvillagewasvery．astonishing,dropoutB．

astonished,dropoutsC．astonish,dropoutingD．astonishment,

dropout【答案】A【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺少定语用形容词或名词。

本句中空格处需要填的词在句子作定语，故首选形容词，次选名词。

"令人吃惊的事实"是an

astonishingfact。

"……率"需要用名词作定语，故选择dropout

rate意为"辍学率"。

故正确答案为A。

【知识点】填词补文之缺少定语用形容词或名词

（6）缺状语用副词，副词可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。

例如：

Heiswalkingveryslowly.

Learningaforeignlanguagewellisextremelyimportanttopeopleworkingin

jointventures.

Undoubtedly,TaiwanispartofChina.

Unluckily,hewasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor

themissinghisdivorce,hebegantodrink．

heavinessB．heavierC．heavilyD．heavy【答案】C

【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺状语用副词。

本句中需要填入的单词修饰动词drink，作状语，故需要选择副词C。

【知识点】填词补文之缺状语用副词

（7）非谓语动词

分词请务必搞清楚现在分词和过去分词的区别：

前者表示主动，后者表示被动；前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示动作已经完成。

例如：

theexploitingclass剥削阶级/theexploitedclass

developingcountries/developedcountries

Whenhecameto,hefoundhimselflyinginhospital.

Whenhegotoffthebus,hefoundhiswalletstolen.

Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn'tmakehimselfheard.

Finishing/Havingfinishedhishomework,hedecidedtoseeafilm.

Finished/Havingbeenfinished,hishomeworkgotanA.

Weather/Timepermitting,wewillgoforanoutingthisweekend.

Theblindmanguidedbytheboy,theyslowlywentacrossthestreet.

不定式包括两种形式：

todosth.，dosth.

常接dosth.作宾补的动词有：

一感（feel），二听（listento,hear），三让（let,make,have），四看（see,

notice,watch,lookat），半帮助（help）。

例如：

Iheardhimsingingthesongjustnow.（注意区分：

Iheardhimsingthesong.）

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor

themissingmayhaveevenheardthem_______topeoplesaying

thereisanythingdifferentabout．objectB．objectiveC．objectionD．

objectively【答案】A【解析】本题考查接秃头不定式作宾补的动词hear。

hearsb.do

sth,意为"听到某人做了某事"，object意为"反对"，后面接宾语时要先加介词to，即构成"objectto（doing）

sth."的结构。

objective意为"（作形容词）客观的；（作名词）目标"；objection意为"反对"；objectively为副词，意为"客观地"。

本句不要误以为需要修饰动词短语hear

them的状语而误选了副词D。

本句需要填入空格的是作宾补的动词形式，故选择A。

【知识点】接秃头不定式作宾补的动词

（8）介词后接名词或动名词构成介宾结构。

例如：

payforone'seducation

sufferfromcancer

lookforwardtohearingfromsb.

Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.

Passage1（选自大纲样题）

A.requiredE.increaseI.decision

B.roseF.beganJ.easy

C.pulledG.interestsK.struggle

D.extraH.primarilyL.currently

解题方法：

把词分类

动词名词形容词副词

A.requiredE.increaseD.extraH.primarily

B.roseG.interestsJ.easyL.currently

C.pulledI.decision

E.increaseK.struggle

F.began

K.struggle（引申为：

困难，艰巨的任务）

TeachYourKidsatHome

Asmostkidswentbacktoschoolatthebeginningofthesemesterinthefall,a

smallbutgrowingarmyofparentsjustsaidnotoschool.SomepeoplelikeJean

Forbesthoughttheirchildrenneeded31Dattention.Forbesisaformeractress

whosecurrentcareeristeachinghertwosons.HersonAllenis

dyslexic（有诵读困难的）.She32Chimoutofpublicschoolsixyearsagobecauseshe

feltteachersweren'thelpinghimenough.

Otherparentswanttogivetheirkidsthechancetofollowtheir33Gratherthan

atextbook.OutsideLosAngeles,NancyKinsey'skidsarestudyingbatsright

now.Theystudyeverythingfromtheirdiettotheirwingspan（翼展）tothe

specificsoftheirnaturalhabitat.Theyhaveevenbuiltabathouseinthe

backyard,andthistask34Amanyhoursofpracticalmathproblems.

Therearealsoparentswhochoosehomeschoolingtosolvewhattheythinkisa

short-termproblemandfindalong-termchallenge.EricandJoyceBurgess35

FhomeschoolingnearlyadecadeagoaftertheirsonEricJr.hadadisastrous

yearatafamoushighschool.Itwasa（n）36Katfirst;neitherisa

professionalteacher.ButasEricJr.'sconfidence37Bathome,sodidJoyce's,

andshenowteachesherotherkidsathomeaswell.

Whiletherearenonationalstatistics,researcherswhostudyhomeschooling

estimatethatmillionyoungstersarecurrentlybeingtaught38Hbytheir

mothersandfathers.That'sfivetimesthenumberofhomeschoolersjustadecade

agoandbiggerthanthenation'slargestpublic-schoolsystemofNewYorkCity.

The39Eisespeciallyremarkable（非凡的，卓越的，不寻常的）inaneraoftwo-incomefamilies,

sinceitrequiresoneparenttostayhomeatsomefinancialsacrifice.

Despitealltheadvantagesofhomeschooling,itisnota（n）40Jjob.Home

schoolingisnotsomethingyoushouldrushinto;itisacommitmentthathasto

befollowedthrough.

小贴士：

把词分类，然后根据所缺的句子成分去分析所需的词类，可以大大缩小备选范围，从而提高正确率。

Passage2（选自Self-Assessment2）

A.wondersE.alwaysI.already

B.doubtF.successfulJ.treasure

C.comeG.carefulK.praise

D.beginsH.singleL.offers

解题方法：

把词分类

动词名词形容词副词

A.wondersA.wondersF.carefulE.always

B.doubtB.doubtG.carefulI.already

C.comeJ.treasureH.single

D.beginsK.praise

J.treasureL.offers

K.praise

L.offers

ThePowerofPositiveWordsintheFamily

1Asawriterandpsychotherapist（心理医师）,Ihavebeenusingwordscarefullymost

ofmylife.Whilecounselingahusbandandwife,Inoticethata（31）___H___

wordcanstirtheiremotionsandtaketheirconversationtoadarkplacethat

theybothknowisnegative.

2Worldpeace（32）___D___withpeaceinthefamily.Asatherapist治疗师,I've

heardmanyadultsrecitehurtfulwordstheyhearddecadesagofromaparentora

brotherorsister.Careinspeakingtochildrenrequiresadegreeof

self-possession,theabilitytoseepasttheblindemotionofthemomenttothe

needsofthechild.Goodwords（33）___C___fromthatgreatervision.

3Forexample,wordsofextremepraisecando（34）___A___fortheinjuredego

（自我）ofachildorspouse.Sometimesit'shelpfultogivewordstowhatis

usuallyleftunspoken."Iappreciatewhatyoudidforme.I'mhappythatyou're

withme."Simple,directandheart-feltwordsof（35）___K___,appreciationand

gratitudeoftengounsaid,whentheycouldbeahandy便利的，手边的meansofhealing.

Wordshurtandwordsheal.

4Everyday（36）___L___opportunitiestosaywordsofencouragementand

recognition.Nomatterhowstrongor（37）___F___weare,weallneedsuch

words.Butoftentheymayseemunnecessary.Myruleis:

ifthethoughtoccursto

metosaysomethingsupportive,Isayit.Youcanneverspeaktoooftenin

praiseandappreciation.Youcanalsoreceivethatpraise,whenitcomes,

gracefully-withwords."Thankyouforsayingthat.Ineedtohearthat."

5Afriendofourfamily,anintelligent,progressiveCatholicpriest,（38）

___E___praisesourchildrentotheskies.Heisveryextremeinhislanguage,

andeveryoneknowsheoverdoesitwithhispraise.Butwealllovetoseehim,

andwe（39）___J___hisfriendship.Wedon'tneedrealismandmoderation（适度）from

suchafriend.

6Everywheretoday,marriagepartnersandchildrenareindistress在困境中.Ihave

no（40）___B___thatonesimplesolutionwouldbetoofferthemwordsof

support.Whenusedwithcare,languagecanbetherapeutic治疗的，有益于健康的.Even,and

maybeespecially,whenapersonisbeingdifficultandaggressive,wordsof

understandingandaffirmation,realisticandfelt,canoftenhelp.

Passage3（选自Self-Assessment3）

A.sociallyE.terrifyingC.capacity

B.victimsF.qualityJ.dropped

C.approachG.raisedK.interview

D.expansionH.soaredL.companio