新标准大学英语综合教程4课后习题答案课文讲解翻译.docx

新标准大学英语综合教程4课后习题答案课文讲解翻译.docx

《新标准大学英语综合教程4课后习题答案课文讲解翻译.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新标准大学英语综合教程4课后习题答案课文讲解翻译.docx（97页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

新标准大学英语综合教程4课后习题答案课文讲解翻译

HandoutsandKeytobook4unit1-4

Unit1

Activereading

（1）

Lookingforajobafteruniversity?

First,getoffthesofa

Backgroundinformation

Aboutthepassage:

ThisisanarticlebyanEducationCorrespondent,AlexandraBlair,publishedinSeptember2008inTheTimes,along-establishedBritishqualitynewspaper.InEuropegenerally,andinBritaininparticular,foranumberofyearstherehasbeenarisingnumberofstudentswhogotouniversityandthereforemorenewgraduatesseekingemployment.However,formanygraduatesfindingajobbecameharderin2008–2009becausetheeconomicdownturn–thenarecession–meantthatmanyemployerswerereducingtheirworkforce.Aftertheirfinalexams,somestudentsrestedinthesummerbeforelookingforjobsandthentheyfoundthatitwasdifficulttofindemploymentintheirfieldorattheleveltheywanted.Thearticleaddressestheproblemsofsuchnewgraduateswhomightbestuckathomeandadvisestheirparentstobetherefortheirchildren（ietobeavailableiftheirchildrenwanttotalkabouttheproblemoriftheyneedhelp）.Thearticlerecommendsfindingworkinabarorsupermarketratherthansittingunemployedathomesincethisismorelikelytoleadtobetteremploymentlater.Thestyleispartlyofareport,butalsoofahumorouscommentforlightentertainment（seeninthejokeylanguageandproblem-solvingadvicetoparents）.

Whyfindingajobin2008issodifficultforuniversitygraduates?

UniversitiesinEurope,particularlyinBritain,haveexpandedgreatlyinthelastfifteenyears（over45%ofyoungadultsnowgoontohighereducation）,sotherearemoregraduateslookingforjobs.Thiscompetitivesituationbecamealotworsein2008onwardswiththecreditcrunchandeconomicdepression,whichmeant

thattherewerefewerjobsavailableandariseinunemployment.Thusnewgraduateshavetobeactivetoseekajob,theyneedtofillinmanyapplicationformsandtrytogetjobinterviews:

theywon’tfindemploymentbylyingonthesofaathome.

Culturepoints

honoursdegree:

Traditionally,intheBritishuniversitysystem,BAandBSchonoursdegreesareawardedindifferentcategories:

afirstclassdegree（writtenusingRomannumbersasI）,asecond（dividedintotwosubcategories,writtenasIIiiandIIii,whicharecalled“atwoone”and“atwotwo”）,athird（writtenIII）andapassdegree.Mostpeoplegetasecond.Therearealsoordinarydegreeswithmoregeneralcoursesofstudywithoutthesecategories.

GenerationYandGrunt:

ThemainideahereisthatthereisasuccessionofdifferentgenerationsorcohortsofadultswhocomeintotheworkforceinNorthAmericawhicharegivendifferentinformalnamestocharacterizethem.First,“Babyboomers”wereborninthegreatincrease（theboom）ofbirthsafterWorldWarII（1946–1960）,followedby“GenerationX”people（born1960–1980）whoweresaidtobringnewattitudesofbeingindependent,informal,entrepreneurial,andexpectedtogetskillsandhaveacareerbeforethem.“GenerationY”orthe“MillenialGeneration”（born1980sand1990sandbecomingadultinthenewmillenium）arenowmakingupanincreasingpercentageoftheworkforce;theyaresaidtobespoiltbydotingparents,tohavestructuredlives,tobeusedtoteamworkanddiversepeopleinamulticulturalsociety.Inthepassage,thisgenerationisnowbecoming（morphinginto）GenerationGrunt,whichisanironicnamereferringtorepetitive,lowstatus,routineormindlesswork–thismaybetheonlyworkavailabletosomegraduates,whomayhavetotakeveryordinaryjobstogetexperiencebeforetheyfindsomethingmoresuitable.“Grunt”alsoreferstocoarsebehaviourorbadmannersandtothedeepsoundthatismadebyapig;whenpeople“grunt”theyexpressdisgustbutdonotcommunicatewithwords–thismaybehowtheparentsofnewgraduatesthinktheirchildrencommunicatewiththem!

AcomprehensivereferstoaBritishtypeofsecondaryschoolwhichbecamepopularinthe1960s.Beforethattherewereacademic“grammarschools”andmoregeneral“secondarymodern”schoolsforthosewhodidnotpassthegrammarschoolentrancetests,butthecomprehensiveschoolsweredesignedforallstudentsinasocialphilosophyofbringingdiversestudentstogetherwhethertheywereacademicornot.Thosestudentswhowenttoacomprehensiveschoolprobablyfeltthathadtostudyparticularlyhard（Iworkedmybacksideoff）togettouniversity,comparedtothosewhowenttogrammarschoolswhereallstudentswereacademic–comprehensivestudentsfelttheyhadtostruggletogettouniversity.

ChickensuitThisreferstoalargeyellowcostumethatsomeonewearswhichmakesthepersonlooklikeagiantchicken.Beforehebecameafamousactor,BradPittoncedressedinsuchacostumewhenhehadajobadvertisingforarestaurantcalledElPolloLoco（TheCrazyChicken’i