1116 远志 复习unit3 被动语态文档格式.docx
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A.mustsendB.mustbesentC.willsendD.maybesent
7.Twothirdsofworkinouroffice________bythecomputerlastyear.(2004中考题)
A.aredoneB.isdoneC.weredoneD.wasdone
8.邮票是用来寄信的
stamps__________________sendingletters.(1994中考题)
9.今天各个领域都在应用电脑
Todaycomputers_________________inmanyfields.(1995中考题)
10.森林里可以抓到鸟。
Birds________________intheforest.(1993中考题)
11.在这里再也见不到那样的动物了。
Suchananimalisno_________here.(1996中考题)
12.山顶常年覆盖着雪。
Themountaintop__________allyear.(1997中考题)
必须很好地保护这些动物.Theseanimalsmust________________
13.这些蔬菜必须每天浇水。
Thesevegetables____________________everyday.(1998中考题)
14.学校所有的教室与实验室都必须保持干净清洁。
Alltheclassroomsandlabsintheschoolmust________________cleanandtidy.(2004中考题)
15.The29thOlympicGames__________inBeijingin2008.(2005中考题)
A.isheldB.willholdC.willbeheld.
16.-Whydidn’tyougotothepartylastnight?
(2006中考题)
-BecauseI__________.
A.wasn’tinvitedB.didn’tinviteC.haven’tinvited.
Step2.被动语态
1.语态:
1)英语有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
Cats eat fish. (主动语态)猫吃鱼。
Fishiseatenbycats. (被动语态)鱼被猫吃。
2)被动语态的构成
由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
(如果要强调动作的执行者,可加上by+执行者。
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
时态
被动语态结构
例句
※一般现在时
am/is/aredone
Englishisspokenbymanypeople.
许多人说英语。
※一般过去时
was/weredone
Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.
罗马不是一天建成的
※一般将来时
shall/willbedone
am/is/aregoingtobedone
Alibrarywillbebuiltinthecity.
市里将建一个图书馆
Theplanisgoingtobediscussedatthemeetingtomorrow.该计划将会在明天的会议上讨论。
现在完成时
have/hasbeendone
Thisnovelhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.
这部小说已被译成多种语言。
注:
done即及物动词的过去分词。
※3)含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
如:
Thetreesmaybeplantedinspring.树可在春天种植。
Theroommustbekeptclean.房间必须保持整洁。
Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.青少年应当被允许选择他们自己的衣服。
4)被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。
EnglishisspokeninCanada.加拿大说英语。
Thebridgewasbuiltin1949.这座桥建于1949年。
Thecarisbeingrepaired.车正在被修理。
Thisnovelhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.这部小说已被译成多种语言。
5)含有使役动词的被动语态make,see,hear,watch.notice
make(see,hear,watch.notice)sb.dosth.
sb.bemade(seen,heard,watched,noticed)todosth.
Hemademedothework.变成Iwasmadetodothework.
TomsawLucywatertheflowersyesterday.=Lucywasseentowatertheflowersyesterday.
5)双宾语的被动语态
MymothergivesLilyapen..Lilyisgivenapenbymymother.
ApenisgiventoLilybymymother.
6)一些被动语态的固定结构
besupposedto“应该”WhatamIsupposedtodo?
我该怎么做?
Itissaidthat…据说
Itisbelievedthat…据信
Itisreportedthat…据报道
Itisestimatedthat…据估计
Itisthoughtthat…有人认为
Itiswellknownthat…众所周知
Itisgenerallyagreedthat…人们通常认为
Itcanbeseenthat…可以看出
Ithasbeenfoundthat…研究/实验表明
Ithasbeenshownthat…业已表明
Itmustberealizedthat…必须认识到
Itusedtobesaidthat…常言道
7)用主动形式表示被动意义的情况
有些不及物动词与easily,quickly,well等副词连用表示主语的内在特征、性质或状态时,习惯用主动形式表示被动意义。
(常见的有sell,lock,close,open,wash,write,start,begin,wear,read.)Thiskindofshirtssellwell.这种衬衫很好卖。
Thedoorlockeasily.这门很容易锁。
Thepenwriteswell.这笔很好用。
在形容词worth和动词need,want,require,等后以动名词的主动形式表被动意义。
Need/want/require+doing=need/want/requiretobedone
Themovieisworthwatching.这部电影值得一看。
Yourhairneedscutting.你的头发需要理了。
Yourhairneedstobecut..
某些系动词如feel(摸上去),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),look(看上去),prove(证明是)等,也习惯以主动形式表示被动意义。
Thedesignprovedtobeasuccess.该设计被证明是成功的。
Thiskindofpaperfeelsverysoft.这种纸摸起来很柔软。
Thedesklooksold.这张桌子看上去很旧。
Goodmedicinetastesbitter.良药苦口。
中考链接
1.(2011北京)Manyaccidentsbycarelessarriveslastyear.
A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause
2.(2011重庆)I’mgladtofindthatmanytressinourcitylastyear.
A.plantB.plantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted
3.(2011安徽)Don’tworry.Yourpackagehereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.
A.willkeepB.haskeptC.willbekeptD.hasbeenkept
4.(2011江西)—WhathappenedtoBilly?
—Hebecauseofhisdrink-driving.
A.iscaughtB.wascaughtC.hascaughtD.hadcaught
5.(2011陕西)DrivingafterdrinkingwineinChina.
A.allowsB.doesn’tallowC.isallowedD.isn’tallowed
6.(2011江苏南京)It’sreportedthatNanjingSouthRailwayStationattheendofthismonth.
A.hasbeencompletedB.iscompletedC.wascompletedD.willbecompleted
7.(2011长沙)—MayIuseyourcup,Tom?
—Sorry,itbymysisterjustnow.
A.wasbrokenB.isbrokenC.broke
8.(2011广东)PeoplewhodrinkwinetodriveafterMayDay.
A.don’tallowB.isn’tallowedC.mustn’tallowD.mustn’tbeallowed
9.(2011成都)Becauseofthesupportfromalloverthecountry,beautifulnewbuildingshereandthereintheeearthquakehitareasinSichuan.
A.canseeB.canbeseenC.willbeseen
10.(2011广东深圳)—WhenshouldIhandinmypaper?
—Yourpapermustassoonasthebell.A.handin;
ringsB.handin;
willringC.behandedin;
willringD.behandedin;
rings
11.(2011广西南宁)Treeseveryyeartomakeourcitygreener.
A.plantB.areplantedC.wereplantedD.willbeplanted
12.(2011山东青岛)Yourdonationandthemoneywillbeusedtohelpthestudentsfrompoorfamilies.
A.isgreatlyappreciatingB.appreciatesC.hasappreciatedD.isgreatlyappreciated
13.(2011山东青岛)EachtimetouriststraveltoBeijing,theytheForbiddenCity.
A.willbeshownupB.willbeshownaroundC.willshowaroundD.willshowto
14.(2010北京)Theroadlastyear.
A.buildsB.builtC.wasbuiltD.isbuilt
15.(2010天津)LiuXiangbyhiscoachtotrainregularly.
A.advisedB.advisesC.wasadvisedD.beadvised
16.(2010上海)ADisneylandPark(迪斯尼乐园)inShanghaiPudongNewAreainthenearfuture.A.buildsB.hasbuiltC.willbuiltD.willbebuilt
17.(2010江苏南京)—CanyousingthisEnglishsong?
——Ofcourse,Ican.Itmanytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.hastaughtC.istaughtD.hasbeentaught
18.(2010广东)The16thAsianGamesinGuangzhouinNovember,2010.
A.holdsB.willholdC.washeldD.willbeheld
19.(2010四川成都)Noconclusionbeforewecompletethistest.
A.ismadeB.willbemadeC.hasmade
20.(2010云南昆明)Necessaryactionsothatstudentscanbesafeatschools.
A.canbetakenB.mustbetakenC.maybetakenD.mightbetaken
21.(2010云南昆明)Morethan100workersfromtheWangjialingCoalMineinAprilthatyear.
A.issavedB.aresavedC.wassavedD.weresaved
22.(2009北京)Thesickboytohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.
A.istakenB.wastakenC.takesD.took
23.(2009重庆)Wastepapershouldn’teverywhere.It’sourdutytokeepourcityclean.
A.bethrownB.throwC.isthrownD.arethrown
24.(2009江苏南京)—Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyouthisjob?
—well,I’mthinkingabouttheworkingday.A.offerB.willofferC.areofferedD.willbeoffered
25.(2009广东深圳)—David,turnofftheTVnooneiswatchingit.
—Butitoffalready!
Themusicisfromtheradio.
A.sothat;
hasbeenturned;
B.when;
hasturnedC.if;
hasbeenturnedD.because;
hasturned
26.(2009江西)Itogettherebeforeseventomorrow,soI’llhavetogetupearly.
A.toldB.havetoldC.willtellD.wastold
27.(2008安徽)Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor.
A.waslockedB.islockedC.willbelockedD.shouldbelocked
28.(2008湖北黄冈)—Doyoubelievetherearealiens?
—I’mafraidnot.Idon’tthinkaliensinspace.
A.canfindB.canbefoundC.canbefoundedD.can’tbefound
29.(2008辽宁)——IwanttobeaChineseteacherwhenIgrowup.—That’sgreat.ChineseteacherinChinaandsomeforeigncountries.
A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed
30.(2008江苏徐州)Don’tworry.Youplentyoftimetodecide.
A.willgiveB.havegivenC.willbegivenD.aregiving
31.(2007浙江杭州)AsChinagrowsstrongerandstronger,Chineseinmoreandmoreschoolsoutofourcountry.
A.teachesB.istaughtC.hastaughtD.wastaught
32.(2007黑龙江哈尔滨)—Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.—You’reright.ButthankstoEarthDay,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotect(保护)theearthsinceEarthDay.
A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted
33.(2007山东济南)Theyoungmanwasoftenseenbythelake.
A.todrawB.todrawingC.drawD.drew
Units3知识点过关.
2.allow允许,准许
1)allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事
MotherallowsmetowatchTVeverynight.妈妈允许我每晚看电视。
2)allowdoingsth.允许做某事
Wedon’tallowsmokinginpublic.我们不允许在公共场所吸烟。
3)beallowedtodosth.被允许做某事(被动语态)
LiLyisallowedtogotoHangzhou.莉莉被允许去杭州。
3.asixteen-year-old“一个16岁的孩子/青少年”如:
Tomisasixteen-year-old
sixteen-year-olds“16岁的孩子们/青少年们”如:
twosixteen-year-olds两个16岁的孩子
sixteen-year-oldadj.“16岁的”作前置定语Tomisasixteen-year-oldstudent.汤姆是个16岁的学生。
sixteenyearsold“16岁”作表语Tomissixteenyearsold.汤姆16岁。
4.have/get+sth.+done(过去分词)使某事被做;
请某人做某事
Ihave/getmycarrepaired我让别人修理了我的车汽车。
Ican’tgetthecarstarted.我无法把小轿车开动起来。
getth