重庆师范大学基础英语09年真题Word文件下载.docx

重庆师范大学基础英语09年真题Word文件下载.docx

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I.Multiplechoice.（20points）

Partone:

IdentifyoneofthefourchoicesA,B,CorDwhichwouldbestkeepthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.

1.Doessomepersonaldifficultyunderliehislackofinterestinwork?

A.standforB.proceedtoC.accountforD.attributeto

2.WhenFrankhadfoundamovieheliked,whatotherssaidcutnoicewithhim.

A.hadmucheffectonB.hadnoeffecton

C.madeadeepimpressiononD.madeaslightimpressionon

3.Workingovertimeeverynightismuchtoostrenuousforasixty-year-oldman.

A.treacherousB.enviousC.arduousD.ambiguous

4.Someofthelittleboystriedtogosecretlyintotheballgamewithoutbuyingaticket.

A.sneakB.roamC.strollD.cruise

5.Acarefultypist,mysecretaryisveryconscientiousaboutcorrectingeventhesmallesterror.

A.meticulousB.ambiguousC.perfidiousD.treacherous

6.Wehavetobecarefulnottoincitehersuspicionwhenwetakehertothesurpriseparty.

A.abhorB.annoyC.arouseD.appease

7.Thecandidatesseemedmoreinterestedinslanderingeachotherthanintalkingabouttheissues.

A.maligningB.confiningC.decliningD.refining

8.Theareaisropedoffbecausethewateriscontaminated.

A.promulgatedB.predictedC.placatedD.polluted

9.Thefloristhasagoodassortmentofflowersforhiscustomerstochoosefrom.

A.classificationB.divisionC.displayD.collection

10.Itisnowunlawfulforfactoriestoemitblacksmokeintotheair.

A.launchB.dischargeC.passD.dismiss

Parttwo:

Choosethecorrectanswer.Onlyoneansweriscorrect.

11.Manysettlerscouldnotstandthe__________oftheNewEnglandwinter.

A.vigorB.rigorC.warmthD.vividness

12.Webelievein__________treatmentofprisonerssothattheycanturnoveranewleaf.

A.humanB.humaneC.cruelD.stern

13.Inmanycountriesnow,smokingisnot__________inpublicplaces.

A.permissiveB.permutableC.permissibleD.pernicious

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出题教师：

吴念、谢应光负责人：

吴显友

14.Healthwithoutrichesis__________toricheswithouthealth.

A.preferableB.betterC.desirableD.desirous

15.Avastcigar-shapedbodyofgaswasraisedandeventually__________fromthesurfaceofthesun.

A.descendedB.outrunC.reflectedD.abstracted

16.InAmerica,thejudicialisheadedby__________.

A.thePresidentB.CongressC.theSupremeCourtD.theSecretaryGeneral

17.TheUSformallyenteredtheSecondWorldWarin__________.

A.1937B.1939C.1941D.1943

18.“Tobe,ornottobe”isquotedfrom__________.

A.KingLearB.JuliusCaesarC.RomeoandJulietD.Hamlet

19.“Tree”inEnglish,“arbre”inFrenchand“shu”（树）inChineseallrefertothesamething:

“atypeofplantwithawoodentrunkandbranches.”Thisindicatesthat__________.

A.languageisvocalB.languageisarbitrary

C.languageisproductiveD.languageisrule-governed

20.__________isregardedasfatherofmodernlinguistics.

A.N.ChomskyB.L.BloomfieldC.M.A.K.HallidayD.F.deSaussure

II.Proofreadinganderrorcorrection.（15points）

ThefollowingpassagecontainsTENerrors.EachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofONEerror.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway.

WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

Example

When∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit,[1]在When后面加an

itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangsthemonthewall.[2]去掉never

Whenanaturalhistorymuseumwantsanexhibition,itmust[3]将exhibition改为exhibit

oftenbuildit.

Animalsperformmanyusefulandentertaining

jobs.Dogsareparticularlyvaluableguidingtheblind,[1]__________

protectingproperty,findinglostpeople,andhunting

criminals.Horsesareusedinguardingherds,carrying

peopleinlandswheretherearenoroads,andhelp[2]__________

farmersworkintheirland.Pigeonshavelongbeen

usedtocarrymessages.Peoplerealizethatalthough

animalsmaynothavethesameintelligencelikehuman[3]__________

beings,theyaresmarttolearncertainthings.[4]__________

Trainingadogtobeawatchdogoftenproducesunex-

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pectedresults.Somedogsquicklylearndifferencebetween[5]__________

unwantedpeopleandfriends.Thisisbecause

theirmasterswelcomefriendsandinvitetheminto

theirhouses.Somedogsmustalwaysattackthepostman[6]__________

whocomestodeliverletters.Oneexplanationforthis

behavioristhatthepostmanoftencomestothehouse,[7]__________

heneverentersthehouse.Therefore,thedogthinks

thepostmanissomeonewhoisnotwelcome,butwho

keepscoming.

Mastersofdogswhoattackpostmencaneasily

showthedogthatthepostmanisafriendandthedog

doesnotneedtotreathimasanenemy.Adogisquite

readytodothathismasterwishes.Andadogisalways[8]__________

happywhenheispraisedforunderstandingcorrectly.

Dogscanbetaughttoobeycommandswhenthe

soundofawordisconnectedtoacertainact.Twoim-[9]__________

portantfactorsinteachingadogtoobeycommands

are:

usingthesameact,andmoreoverteachingonly[10]__________

oneactatatime.Dogscanlearnnotonlytosit,lie

down,comeandstayinaplacewhentheirmastersgo

away,butalsotojump,carry,andfetchthings.

III.Readingcomprehension.（30points）

Inthissectiontherearethreereadingpassagesfollowedbyatotaloffifteenmultiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagesandanswerthequestions.

PassageOne

Bythecloseoftheeighteenthcentury,theoutlinesofaworldeconomywereclearlyvisible.CenteredinWesternEurope,itincludedRussia,India,theEastIndies,theMiddleEast,northernandwesternAfrica,andtheAmericas.Tradehadincreasedgreatlyandshippinghadgrowninvolumeandspeed,connectingthemarketsoftheworldmorecloselythaneverbefore.Theworldmarket,however,wasconfinedtothecoastandalongrivers,anditseffectswererarelyfeltahundredmilesinland.Theexpansionofeconomicactivityintotheinterior,anditsspreadthroughoutChina,Japan,Oceania,andAfrica,wasamajordevelopmentofthenineteenthcentury.Itwaslargelyaccomplishedthrougharevolutionintransportation,particularlythedevelopmentofthesteamship,canal,andrailroad.

Sincethefifteenthcentury,thewoodensailingshiphadbeenthemaininstrumentofEuropeaneconomicandpoliticalexpansion.Sailingshipsconstantlygrewincarryingcapacityandspeedwithimprovementsindesign,andtheywerebuiltofeasilyavailablematerials.Theageofsailingshipsreacheditszenithinthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,theeraofthegreatocean-plyingclippersthatcarriedthemajorityofinternationaltrade.

Before1850,thebulkofinternaltradewascarriedbywater.InWesternEurope,therehadbeenseveralattemptstosupplementtheexcellentrivernetworkwithcanals.However,itwasthe

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demandsoftheIndustrialRevolution,particularlytheneedtotransporthugequantitiesofcoal,thatstimulatedlarge-scalecanalbuildingintheyearsof1760-1850,firstinBritainandtheninWesternEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Theintroductionofsteamboatsgaveanadditionalimpetustorivernavigationandcanalconstruction.Thesteamshiproseinstatureinthe1870s,whentechnicalprogressreducedtheamountofcoalthesteamengineconsumed.Technicalinnovation,alongwiththecompletionoftheSuezCanalin1869,enabledthesteamshiptosurpassthesailingshipasthechiefinstrumentofinternationaltrade.

Methodsoflandtransportcontinuedtobeslow,uncertain,andexpensiveuntiltheboominrailroadconstructionatmidcentury.In1840therewere5,500milesofrailtrackthroughouttheworld;

justtwentyyearslater,therewere66,000miles.Ofthese,50percentwereinNorthAmericaand47percentwereinEurope.Theraillinesbuiltduringthatperiodservedpopulatedareaswhereconsiderableeconomicactivityalreadyexisted,yetaglobalideologyofrailroadsgraduallyemerged:

thebeliefthatrailroadscouldpopulateandbringwealthtoundevelopedregions.

InBritainandtheUnitedStates,privatecompaniesbuilthundredsofuncoordinatedrailprojects,butincontinentalEuroperailroadconstructionbecameaconcernofthestate,whichprovidedoverallcontrolandalargeshareofcapital.Until1914,thebuildingofrailroadsremainedthemostimportantreasonfortheexportofcapitalaswellasthemainmethodofdevelopingnewterritories.BritishcapitalfinancedthemajorityoftherailroadsbuiltinIndia,Canada,andLatinAmerica.TheU.S.transcontinentalrailroadplayedakeyroleinpopulatinganddevelopinghugetractsoflandinNorthAmerica,asdidtheTrans-SiberianRailwayinAsia.

Inthecourseofthenineteenthcentury,around9millionsquaremilesoflandweresettledinNorthandSouthAmericaandOceania.Thiswasmadepossiblebythedeclineintransportationcosts,whichgreatlyextendedtheareafromwhichbulkyproductssuchasgrainsandmineralscouldbemarketed.Theintroductionofrefrigerationonrailcarsandsteamersinthe1870sopenedhugemarketsformeat,dairyproducts,andfruitinNorthAmericaandEurope.The1870salsosawtheadoptionofsteelrails,electricsignals,compressed-airbrakes,andotherinventionsthatmaderailroadsaleadingsourceoftechnicalinnovationinthenineteenthcentury.

Intheworldcontext,theriseoftherailroadwasinseparablefromthatofthesteamship.Theeconomicandgeographicconsequencesofthesetwoinnovationscomplementedoneanother.Bothhadtheeffectofincreasin