定语从句 定语从句形容词副词Word格式文档下载.docx
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(二)高中知识衔接与介绍
1.关于高中定语从句学习
(1)高一年级定语从句
范围:
限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,介词加关系代词引导的定语从句,as引导的定语从句。
实例1Football,whichisaninterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.
实例2Ishouldliketousethesametoolasyouusedyesterday.
实例3Thefactoryinwhich(=where)Iworkisalargeone.
(2)高考重点时态项目---知识拓展
范围:
关系代词和关系副词混淆
实例1Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedlastyear.
实例2Iwon'
tforgetthetimethatwespentinthecountryside.
[应用技巧]先行词为表示时间、地点的名词时,关系词不一定都用when或where。
如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,就要用关系代词whch或that。
(三)典型例题分析
应用实例
1.Thegirl__________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.
A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassinging
答案是A.B缺少关系代词,C时态与语境不一致。
D兼有B与C的错误。
2.Canyoulendmethenovel__________theotherday?
A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutit
C.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout
答案是D。
A项中talk为不及物动词,常见结构:
talkto/withsb或talkaboutsth.
B项中多it,C项中介词错误。
D项中省去了关系代词,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时可省去。
高考实例
1.Thefenceinourgarden,_____myfatherbuiltmanyyearsago,haslastedforalongtime.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.where
答案是B.该句中含有一个非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少宾语,先行词是物,故用which。
that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
2.Withthedevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople____villageItaughtbeforehavelivedahappylife.
A.who
B.whose
C.inwhose
D.inwhich
答案是C。
该句中含有一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是thepeople,容易选A或B.逐一排除,A在从句中做主语,宾语,表语。
通过翻译:
以前我执教的那个村子里的人们过着幸福的生活。
显然缺少定语。
又容易选成B。
在他们的村子里教学应加上介词in。
所以应选C。
[实战技能]巧记定语从句的用法
主句型,从句型,两种句子要完整。
从句紧靠先行词,系词引导要弄清。
定人用who或whom,定物which当先用。
关系代词有that,定人定物有本领。
定时间要用when,定地点where行。
关系代(副)词作成分,唯作宾语可以省。
*************************************************
形容词
1.关于形容词的定义与种类
形容词是一种修饰词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。
副词的位置1)在动词之前。
2)在be动词、助动词之后。
3)多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。
3.初中形容词的实例与应用技巧
(1)形容词的级:
指大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。
原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
…
实例1talltallertallest
nicenicernicest
bigbiggerbiggest
busybusierbusiest
important/easilymoreimportant/moreeasilymostimportant/mosteasily
实例2goodbetterbest
oldolder/elderoldest/eldest
much/manymoremost
littlelessleast
farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest
一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est;
以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st;
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est;
"
以辅音字母+y"
结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-est;
部分双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级.
1.关于高中形容词学习
(1)高一年级形容词项目
范围:
as+形容词或副词原级+as;
比较级形容词或副词+than
实例1Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.
Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone.
Yourroomistwicelargerthanmine.
实例2要避免重复使用比较级。
(错)Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.
(对)Heismorecleverthanhisbrother.
(对)Heiscleverthanhisbrother.
(2)高考重点形容词项目---知识拓展
实例1---Areyoufeeling____?
----Yes,I'
mfinenow.
A.anywell B.anybetter C.quitegood D.quitebetter
答案:
B.any可修饰比较级,quite修饰原级,well的比较级为better.
实例2Theexperimentwas____easierthanwehadexpected.
A. more B. muchmore C. much D. moremuch
C. much可修饰比较级,因此B,C都说得通,但easier本身已是比较级,不需more,因此C为正确答案。
实例1Don'
tlaughather.Sheisanyoftheothersinyourclass.
A.ascleverastudentasB.asacleverstudentasC.socleverastudentas
D.soacleverstudentlike
实例2Mum,thisT-shirtismuchtoosmallforme.Wouldyoubuymeaone?
A.niceB.largeC.nicerD.larger
实例3Shealwaysdoesherhomeworkthanherbrother.
A.morecarefulB.carefulC.morecarefullyD.carefully
答案解析:
1.同级比较用as...+as...+%2C+排除C、D;
as修饰形容词,放在前面。
选A
2.考査形容词的比较级。
根据关键信息Mum,this+T-shirt+is+much+too+small+for+me+(妈妈,这件T恤衫对于我来说太小了)可知后句意为:
“你能给我买件更大的吗?
”+larger与small对应,选D。
3.does在这里是动词,修饰动词要用副词,可排除A、B;
后面有比较连词than,要用比较级,可排除D。
句意:
她做作业总是比她的兄弟仔细些。
高考实例
《1》.(2011全国卷II,17)Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor——Ireallycouldn'
taskfora______boss.
A.betterB.goodC.bestD.stillbetter
《2》.(02全国卷)Borishasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas___IQ。
ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighest-
(四)同步作业检测
一、选择题
初级题
1.Sheis___carefulasme,butI’m____thanyou.
A.as;
muchcarefulB.as;
muchmorecareful
C.so;
morecarefulD.so,verycareful
2.Tomhasmade____progressthistermthanbefore.
A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much
3.Whichis____,thesun,themoonortheearth?
A.bigB.biggerC.thebiggestD.thebigger
4.MysistersingsEnglishsongs____ofusall.
A.badlyB.worseC.morebadlyD.worst
5.Ofthetwogirls,Lucyis____one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.
A.tallestB.thetallerC.tallerD.thetallest
6.Heisthemanto_____Igavethemoney.
B.whom
C.which
D.that
7.Istillrememberthesummer_____wehadthedrought.
A.which
B.why
C.where
D.when
8.WangFeiistheboy_____Ithinkisthemostdiligentinourclass.
C.aboutwhom
D.him
9.Tomtoldtheteacherthereason______hewaslateagain.
B.forwhy
C.forthat
D.forwhich
10.Chinaisnotthesamecountry______itwas20yearsago.
B.as
中级题
11.Thelittlegirlcouldn’tworktheproblemout.Shewasn’t________clever.
AsoBmuchCenoughDrather
12.Look!
Howmuch________Alicelookswearinghernewshowdress!
AniceBnicerCnicestDmorenice
13.Theyoungmancouldn'
taffordanewcar.________,heboughtausedone.
A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.InsteadD.Still
14.ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe________thepresentone.
A.asthreetimesbigasB.threetimesasbigas
C.asbigasthreetimesD.asbigthreetimesas
15.________,Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.
A.HopefullyB.NormallyC.ThankfullyD.Conveniently
16.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone______familywaspoor.
A.ofwhom B.whom C.ofwhose D.whose
17.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.
A.whichprice B.itsprice
C.thepriceofwhich
D.thepriceofwhose
18._____hasalreadybeenpointedout,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.
A.As B.It C.That D.Which
19.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.
A.until B.that C.when D.where
20.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,____ofgreatimportancetoscience.
A.whichIthinkis B.whichIthinkitis
C.whichIthinkit D.Ithinkwhichis
二、短文填空(用上关系代词或关系副词,答案不唯一)
Themostpositive(乐观的)person____Ihaveeverseenismydad!
HeissopositivethatIdonotrememberhearingasinglewordfromhim____isrelated(相关的)tohopelessness!
Unlikemostmumsanddads,mydadneversaysthings____makemefeelbad.Heisalwaystheretogivemeencouragementandhelp.WhenIdowrongthings,healwaystellsmewhat’srightinapositiveway.
Forexample,ifIamintrouble.heoftentellsmetoopenthebooks__heboughtme.Thenheasksmetoreadthestories___canhelpmewiththeproblems___I’mfacing.(节自2013年河北省中考真题)
三、小阅读
Therewasonceafarmerwholivedneararoad.Itwasnotabusyroad,butfromtimetotime,carspassedthefarm.Nearthefarmgate,therewasalargeholeintheroad.Thisholewasalwaysfullofwater,andthedriversofthecarscouldnotseehowdeeptheholewas.Theythoughtitwasprobablyshallow.Thenwhentheydroveintothehole,theycouldnotdriveoutbecauseitwassodeep.Thefarmerdidnotspendmuchtimeworkingonhisfarm.Hespentmostofitwatchingthehole.Whenacardroveintoit,hepulledthecaroutwithhistractorandchargedthedriveralotofmoneyfordoingthis.Oneday,thedriverofacarsaidtohim,"
Youmustmakealotofmoneypullingcarsoutofthisholenightandday."
"
Oh,no,"
thefarmersaid."
Idon'
tpullcarsoutoftheholeatnight.AtnightIfilltheholewithwater."
Notes:
(1)fromtimetotime偶尔
(2)tractorn.拖拉机
(3)chargev.收费;
要价
Exercises:
根据短文选择正确答案:
①Wheredidthefarmerlive?
A.neararoad
B.inaholeintheroad
C.inalargecar
D.underatractor
②Manymmwentintotheholebecausethedrivers_____.
A.weregoingtoofasttostop
B.didnotseethehole
C.didnotknowtheholewasverydeep
D.likeddrivingthroughwater
③Whatdidthefarmerallday?
A.pulledmmoutoftheholeintheroad
B.filledtheholewithwater
C.laughedatthedriversofthecars
D.workedonhisfarm
④Howdidthefarmermakemoney?
A.fromgrowingthings
B.fromsellingwater
C.frompullingcarsoutofthehole
D.fromfillingtheholewithwater
⑤Whatdidthefarmerdoatnight?
A.Hepulledcarsoutofthehole.
B.Hesattherewatchingthehole.
C.Hefilledtheholewithwater.
D.Hedugtheholedeeperanddeeper.
四、微型写作
自我介绍用上本节学习内容
三、本篇名人轶事
FirstFlight
Mr.Johnsonhadneverbeenupinanaerophanebeforeandhehadreadalotaboutairaccidents,soonedaywhenaf