考研英语真题及答案完整版文档格式.docx

考研英语真题及答案完整版文档格式.docx

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1.A．on 

B．like 

C．for 

D．from

2. 

A．faith 

B．concern 

C．attention 

D．interest

3.A．benefit 

B．debt 

C．hope 

D．price

4.A．Therefore 

B．Then 

C．Instead 

D．Again

5.A．Until 

B．Unless 

C．Although 

D．When

6.A．selects 

B．produces 

C．applies 

D．maintains

7.A．consult 

B．compete 

C．connect 

D．compare

8.A．at 

B．by 

C．of 

D．to

9.A．context 

B．mood 

C．period 

D．circle

10. 

A．counterparts 

B．substitutes 

C．colleagues 

D．supporters

11.A．Funny 

B．Lucky 

C．Odd 

D．Ironic

12.A．monitor 

B．protect 

C．surprise 

D．delight

13. 

A．between 

B．within 

C．toward 

D．over

14.A．transferred 

B．added 

C．introduced 

D．entrusted

15.A．out 

B．back 

C．around 

D．inside

16. 

A．discovered 

B．proved 

C．insisted 

D．remembered

17.A．betrayed 

B．wronged 

C．fooled 

D．mocked

18.A．forced 

B．willing 

C．hesitant 

D．entitled

19. 

A．Incontrast 

B．Asaresult 

C．Onthewhole 

D．Forinstance

20.A．inflexible 

B．incapable 

C．unreliable 

D．unsuitable

SectionIIReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

　　Text1

　　Amongtheannoyingchallengesfacingthemiddleclassisonethatwillprobablygounmentionedinthenextpresidentialcampaign:

Whathappenswhentherobotscomefortheirjobs?

　　Don'

tdismissthatpossibilityentirely.AbouthalfofU.S.jobsareathighriskofbeingautomated,accordingtoaUniversityofOxfordstudy,withthemiddleclassdisproportionatelysqueezed.Lower-incomejobslikegardeningordaycaredon'

tappealtorobots.Butmanymiddle-classoccupations-trucking,financialadvice,softwareengineering—havearousedtheirinterest,orsoonwill.Therichowntherobots,sotheywillbefine.

　　Thisisn'

ttobealarmist.Optimistspointoutthattechnologicalupheavalhasbenefitedworkersinthepast.TheIndustrialRevolutiondidn'

tgosowellforLudditeswhosejobsweredisplacedbymechanizedlooms,butiteventuallyraisedlivingstandardsandcreatedmorejobsthanitdestroyed.Likewise,automationshouldeventuallyboostproductivity,stimulatedemandbydrivingdownprices,andfreeworkersfromhard,boringwork.Butinthemediumterm,middle-classworkersmayneedalotofhelpadjusting.

　　Thefirststep,asErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeargueinTheSecondMachineAge,shouldberethinkingeducationandjobtraining.Curriculums—fromgrammarschooltocollege-shouldevolvetofocuslessonmemorizingfactsandmoreoncreativityandcomplexcommunication.Vocationalschoolsshoulddoabetterjoboffosteringproblem-solvingskillsandhelpingstudentsworkalongsiderobots.Onlineeducationcansupplementthetraditionalkind.Itcouldmakeextratrainingandinstructionaffordable.Professionalstryingtoacquirenewskillswillbeabletodosowithoutgoingintodebt.

　　ThechallengeofcopingwithautomationunderlinestheneedfortheU.S.toreviveitsfadingbusinessdynamism:

Startingnewcompaniesmustbemadeeasier.Inpreviouserasofdrastictechnologicalchange,entrepreneurssmoothedthetransitionbydreamingupwaystocombinelaborandmachines.Thebestusesof3Dprintersandvirtualrealityhaven'

tbeeninventedyet.TheU.S.needsthenewcompaniesthatwillinventthem.

Finally,becauseautomationthreatenstowidenthegapbetweencapitalincomeandlaborincome,taxesandthesafetynetwillhavetoberethought.Taxesonlow-wagelaborneedtobecut,andwagesubsidiessuchastheearnedincometaxcreditshouldbeexpanded:

Thiswouldboostincomes,encouragework,rewardcompaniesforjobcreation,andreduceinequality.

　　Technologywillimprovesocietyinwaysbigandsmalloverthenextfewyears,yetthiswillbelittlecomforttothosewhofindtheirlivesandcareersupendedbyautomation.

　　Destroyingthemachinesthatarecomingforourjobswouldbenuts.Butpoliciestohelpworkersadaptwillbeindispensable.

21.Whowillbemostthreatenedbyautomation?

A．Leadingpoliticians.

B．Low-wagelaborers.

C．Robotowners.

D．Middle-classworkers.

答案D

22. 

Whichofthefollowingbestrepresenttheauthor'

sview?

A．Worriesaboutautomationareinfactgroundless.

B．Optimists'

opinionsonnewtechfindlittlesupport.

C．Issuesarisingfromautomationneedtobetackled

D．Negativeconsequencesofnewtechcanbeavoided

答案C

23.Educationintheageofautomationshouldputmoreemphasison_____.

A．creativepotential.

B．job-huntingskills.

C．individualneeds.

D．cooperativespirit.

答案A

24.Theauthorsuggeststhattaxpoliciesbeaimedat_____.

A．encouragingthedevelopmentofautomation.

B．increasingthereturnoncapitalinvestment.

C．easingthehostilitybetweenrichandpoor.

D．preventingtheincomegapfromwidening.

25.Inthistext,theauthorpresentsaproblemwith_____.

A．pposingviewsonit.

B．possiblesolutionstoit.

C．itsalarmingimpacts.

D．itsmajorvariations.

答案B

Text2

　　AnewsurveybyHarvardUniversityfindsmorethantwo-thirdsofyoungAmericansdisapproveofPresidentTrump’suseofTwitter.TheimplicationisthatMillennialsprefernewsfromtheWhiteHousetobefilteredthroughothersource,Notapresident’ssocialmediaplatform.

　　MostAmericansrelyonsocialmediatocheckdailyheadlines.Yetasdistrusthasrisentowardallmedia,peoplemaybestartingtobeefuptheirmedialiteracyskills.Suchatrendisbadlyneeded.Duringthe2016presidentialcampaign,nearlyaquarterofwebcontentsharedbyTwitterusersinthepoliticallycriticalstateofMichiganwasfakenews,accordingtotheUniversityofOxford.AndasurveyconductedforBuzzFeedNewsfound44percentofFacebookusersrarelyornevertrustnewsfromthemediagiant.

　　Youngpeoplewhoaredigitalnativesareindeedbecomingmoreskillfulatseparatingfactfromfictionincyberspace.AKnightFoundationfocus-groupsurveyofyoungpeoplebetweenages14and24foundtheyuse“distributedtrust”toverifystories.Theycross-checksourcesandprefernewsfromdifferentperspectives—especiallythosethatareopenaboutanybias.“Manyyoungpeopleassumeagreatdealofpersonalresponsibilityforeducatingthemselvesandactivelyseekingoutopposingviewpoints,”thesurveyconcluded.

　　Suchactiveresearchcanhaveanothereffect.A2014surveyconductedinAustralia,Britain,andtheUnitedStatesbytheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonfoundthatyoungpeople’srelianceonsocialmedialedtogreaterpoliticalengagement.

　　Socialmediaallowsuserstoexperiencenewseventsmoreintimatelyandimmediatelywhilealsopermittingthemtore-sharenewsasaprojectionoftheirvaluesandinterests.Thisforcesuserstobemoreconsciousoftheirroleinpassingalonginformation.AsurveybyBarnaresearchgroupfoundthetopreasongivenbyAmericansforthefakenewsphenomenonis“readererror,”moresothanmade-upstoriesorfactualmistakesinreporting.Aboutathirdsaytheproblemoffakenewsliesin“misinterpretationorexaggerationofactualnews”viasocialmedia.Inotherwords,thechoicetosharenewsonsocialmediamaybetheheartoftheissue.“Thisindicatesthereisarealpersonalresponsibilityincounteractingthisproblem,”saysRoxanneStone,editorinchiefatBarnaGroup.

　　Sowhenyoungpeoplearecriticalofanover-tweeting