雨中的猫论文定稿打印彩板文档格式.docx

雨中的猫论文定稿打印彩板文档格式.docx

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外国语学院

专业：

英语

班级：

20071

学号：

2007051188

姓名：

刘肖华

指导教师：

赵萍

完成日期：

2010年7月1日至2011年5月12日

Abstract

CatintheRainisoneofHemingway’sbrilliantstories.Thestoryarousedmanydifferentinterpretationsastoitsthemesinceitspublication.Thepaperappliesanotherpossibleinterpretationofthestory’stheme:

thethemeofdeath—notonlytheinequalityandeventhedeathofrelationshipexistsintheAmericancouple,butalsothedeathexistsbetweenhumanfriendship,spiritandlifeitself,byclosereadingitscontextanddigestingthedetails.Fromthewriter’spersonallifeandthesocialbackgroundreflectedinthenovel,weknowthatHemingway,infact,throughshowingthistheme,payshiscarefulattentiontoencounteroffemaleinmarriageandtheirawarenessofpursuittofreeandequality,andthenfurthercriticizeswarthatbroughtthetremendoussufferingandharm.Basedonthistheme,thepapermainlydiscusestheauthorhowtodeepenthethemebywritingmethods.Inthisstory,authormainlyusedfourwritingmethods,suchasicebergtheory,symbolism,repetitionandcomparison.Usingofthesewritingmethods,authorcanexpoundtherealthemeinlimitedpassage,what’smore,leavetheinfiniteimaginationspaceforreaders.Sothereaderscanunderstandthecharacters,themeandimpliedmeaningsfromdifferentpointsandlevels.Thesewritingmethodshaveaveryspecialartisticcharming.

Keywords:

cat;

Hemingway;

icebergtechnique;

symbolism

摘要

《雨中的猫》是海明威的优秀短篇之一。

该篇自问世以来，出现了各种不同的、甚至相互矛盾的主题阐释。

然而，通过细读原文和结合时代背景，该短篇的深层主题则显现为死亡——它既是美国夫妇婚姻关系的不平等甚至名存实亡，也是人类友谊的死亡和精神以及生命本身的死亡。

通过分析作家的生活经历和小说反映的时代背景，我们可知，海明威实际上是通过表现这样的主题，关注女性在婚姻中的不平等遭遇以及其追求自由平等的自我意识，进而抨击战争给人类带来的巨大灾难和危害。

基于这一主题，本篇论文主要探讨作者从创作手法上如何加深主题。

在这篇小说里，作者主要运用到了四种创作手法，分别为：

冰山理论，重复，象征手法，以及对比。

这些创作手法的运用，使作者能在有限的篇幅内，阐述深刻的主题，并且给读者留下无限的想象空间。

因此，读者能从不同的角度和层面去解读其中的人物形象，小说的主旨和寓意，达到厚积薄发，意想不到的艺术神韵。

关键词：

猫；

海明威；

冰山理论；

象征手法

Contents

Ⅰ.Introduction………………………………………………...……….1

Ⅱ.LiteratureReview………………………………………………......1

Ⅲ.TheThemesofCatintheRain……………………………………2

A.Plotsummary……………………………………………….……...2

B.Thebackgroundinformation…………………………………….….2

C.Analysisofthethemesofcontent…………………………………….3

Ⅳ.FourMainWritingMethodsEmbodiedinCatintheRainandHowtoDeepentheTheme………………………………………...4

A.Icebergtechnique………………………………………….........….4

1.Thedefinitionoftheicebergtechnique……………….....................4

2.TheicebergtechniqueintheCatintheRain………………………..5

B.Symbolism……………………………………..……….…….…....7

1.Thecatassymbol………………………………………………....7

2.Therainandthewaterassymbol……………………………….....8

3.Thehusbandassymbol…………………………………….…......8

4.Thewifeassymbol………………………………………………..8

5.Thewarmonumentassymbol……………………………………...9

C.Repetition……………………………………………………….....9

1.Therain…………………………………………………….…....9

2.Thewarmonument……………………………………………....9

3.Thewife’s“want”……………………………………..………...10

4.Thehusband’s“reading”……………………………………..…10

D.Comparisonandcontrast……………………………………..…...11

1.Thewildcatandthedomesticcat………………………………...11

2.ThecatandtheAmericanwife…………………………………....11

3.Thehusbandandthehotelkeeper……………………………......11

Ⅴ.Conclusion…………………………………………………………12

WorksCited………………………………………………...………….13

Ⅰ.Introduction

ErnestHemingwayisanovelistandshortstorywriterwhobecameoneofthebest-knownAmericanauthorsofthe20thcentury,andistherepresentationof“LostGeneration”.Hemingwayisbestknownforthenovels,suchasTheSunAlsoRises（1926）,AFarewelltoArms（1929）,ForWhomtheBellTolls（1940）,andTheOldManandtheSea（1952）,andsoon.MostofHemingway’snovelsshowusheroeswhoaresymbolsofhonest,courage,muscularityandcompassion.Soheisalwaysregardedasawriterofgreatmasculinity,evenanadorerofmalesociety.However,hisearlyshortstoriesrevealedstronglywoman’sconsciousness.Heattachedmuchimportancetowoman’ssocialroleandsexattitude,aswellastheproblemofwoman’ssentimentandpsychology.CatintheRainembodiedHemingway’sthinkingofwoman’spositioninfamilyin1920s.

ErnestHemingway’sworkshaveattractednumerousreadersandagreatmanyscholarsallovertheworldhavespentmuchacademicenergyonthemfromdifferentperspectives.In1925,includingCatintheRain,Hemingwaypublishedhisfirstcollectionoffifteenshortstories,InOurTime.Hiscolloquialandeconomicalstyleofwritingwiththepowerfuleffectbegantocatchreader’sattention（Wang2003）.However,veryfewcriticshaveassociatedHemingway’sworkswiththewritingmethodsandtheirfunctions.InChina,someonerealizedthatstudyingabouticebergtechnique—whichoneofthewritingsmethods—canmasterthethemeofthenovel;

however,therearestillsomelimitationsandproblemsinresearch.Withthehopeofenrichingtheresearchofthegreatlitterateurandfurtherarousingpeople’sawareness,thisthesisaimstopresentthenecessityandimportanceofwritingmethodsandstrategies,andfurtheranalyzeapproachesofhowtodeepenthethemeofnovelsinthecurrentreadingandwritingpractice.

Ⅱ.LiteratureReview

ThereweremanyscholarswhodiscussErnestHemingwayandhisworks,includedCatintheRain.InAmericaandmanycountries,Hemingwaywasstudiedasaphenomenonorakindofknowledge.ManyscholarshavestudiedHemingwayworksfromdifferentperspectives,suchasthetheme,thecharacteristicsandalsothepersonalbackground.ByanalyzingthethemeofHemingway’sfiction,“graceunderpressure”（Chang221）,Hemingwaygaveusauniqueimpressionofhisworks.What’smore,StonebackH.R.thinksreligionaftercommentingonHemingway’sworks.AsforTheSunAlsoRises,MartinWendycarefullyanalyzedthecharactersofthisstory（Zou1995）.

From1930s,manyscholarsinourcountriesstartedtoresearchHemingwayandhisworks.ThefirstcommentonHemingwaywaswrittenbyHuangYuan,whopointedoutthesymbolisminwritingmethodsofHemingway（Qiu1990）.ShenXinandYangHuainthearticle“‘CatintheRain’:

theGhostofDeath—AnAnalysisofArchetypesandThemeinHemingway’sStory”（2007）pointsthat“thesea”,“thegarden”,“bigpalms”,“thewarmonument”,“therain”and“thecat”,appearinthenovelonebyone.Thesethingsarenotputtogetherrandomly.Thesethingshavemanyabundantsymbolicmeaning.

Ⅲ.ThemeofCatintheRain

A.Plotsummary

CatintheRainwithasimpleplottellsapairofyoungcouplescametovacationintheUnitedStatesdefeatedItalyafterWWI.Itisoneofhisfamousshortstories,depictingapairofyoungAmericancouplesthatspendstheirholidayinanItalianhotel.Itisarainydayandthewifecatchesasightofapoorcatcrouchingunderatablefromtherainoutside,andwantstobringittoherhotelroom.Whenshegoestoretrievethecat,however,itisgone.SoshereturnstothehotelroomandstartsaconversationwithherhusbandGeorge,whoisreadingallthetime,tellinghimhowmuchshewantstohaveacatandotherthings,andthenaboutchangingherwholelife.Herhusband,however,seemstobeterriblyannoyedbyherandnotinterestedatall.Attheendofthestorythereisaknockonthedoorandthemaidstandsthereholdingabigtortoise-shellcatfortheAmericanwomanattherequestofthehotelkeeper.Hemingwayusestheusualzeroattheendofthestory.Bynofurtherdescriptionofreflectionaboutthewifeandhusbandwhoseeabigtortoise-shellcat,butleavingthereaderwitharichimagination.Inaword,thesimpleplotofthestoryis“seethecat—lookforthecat—wantacat—getacat”.

B.Thebackgroundinformation

CatintheRainusedthe1920softheUnitedStatesandtheItaliansocietyasthebackground,throughthedescriptionofheroinewhowastryingtosaveacatbeforeandaftertherain,andrevealedthespiritualworldofthepost-warAmerican.Inthe1920s,theUnitedStateshasjustgonethroughawarvictory.However,theAmericanpeopletastedlittlejoyafterthevictoryandthenturnedintoagreaterstateofconfusionanddespair.Atthattime,thefeminismmovementstartedtosproutthatwomendidn’treconciletobeappendanttomenandsacrificetotheirfamiliesanymore.Andmanywomenwerecrusadingfortheirownrights.

AfterservingasaRedCrossAmbulancedriverinItalyduringWWI,ErnestHemingwaymarriedHadleyRichardson.Immediatelyaftertheirmarriage,thecouplemovedtoParis.ItwasherethathisstoryCatintheRainwaswritten.Inwritingthisnovel,HemingwayandHadley’srelationsweretense.In1923,theriftbetweenthemobviouslyappearedafterthebirthoftheirfirstchild.Therefore,thisstoryhastheauthor’sownhusband’sshadow.Thehugegapbetweenthemwasgrowing.Theyhavebeenunabletocommunicate,thusbreakingupisimperative.ItissignificantthatHemingwayrecognizedwhatwasgoingwronginhismarriagetoHadley,heevenrecognizedhisownpartinit,butheobviouslyfeltpowerlesstochange.Itshouldcomeasnosurprisethatwithinafewyears,Hemingwaydivorced.

C.Analysisofthethemeofcontent

Thereisnoobviousandclearthemeinthisshortstory,justaboutatrivialmatterbetweenAmericancoupleinthedailylife.Butifwetakeintoconsiderationthebackgroundofthestory—aftertheWWIinEurope,andthemajorthoughtandfeelingofHemingwayatthattime,readerscanseethatthisisimplicitinthetwointerrelatedthemes:

theanti-warthinkingandemotionalcrisisareassociatedwiththeawarenessofpursuittofreeandequalitybyfemale.

Thethemeofthenovelisexpressingtheauthor’santi-warthinkingandthementalstateofcontemporaryAmericans,andthedestiny