中华文化概述专项词汇Word文档格式.docx
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蓬勃发展toflourish
丰富多彩toberichandcolorful
风俗习惯custom
禁忌taboo
中华民族theChinesenation
传统美德traditionalvirtues
尊敬老人torespecttheelderly
赡养父母tosupport/takecareofparents
继承toinherit
后人latergeneration
强身健体toimprovethephysicalhealth;
tostrengthenthebody
益寿延年toprolonglife
保佑平安tokeepsb.safe
象征意义symbolicmeaning
象征好运和祝福tosymbolizegoodluckandblessings
审美观/品味tasteforbeauty;
aesthetictaste
传统文化
传统工艺品traditionalhandicraft
形状不一differentshapes
材质各异variousmaterials
质地坚硬hardtexture
造型生动vividfigure
色彩丰富richcolors
风格独特characteristic/uniquestyle
中医traditionalChinesemedicine
中草药herbalmedicine
望、闻、问、切observing,listening,inquiring,pulsetaking
症状symptom
针灸acupuncture
推拿medicalmassage
重大发明asignificantinvention
中国古代四大发明theFourGreatInventionsofancientChina
火药gunpowder
印刷术printing
造纸术paper-making
指南针compass
文房四宝theFourTreasuresoftheStudy
笔、墨、纸、砚inkbrush,inkstick,Xuanpaper,inkstone
汉字Chinesecharacter
笔划stroke
四书五经theFourBooksandtheFiveClassics
唐诗宋词poetryintheTangandSongDynasties
诗人poet
四大名著theFourGreatClassicalNovels
八股文theeight-partessay
普通话四声调thefourtonesofMandarinChinese
琴棋书画lute-playing,chess,calligraphyandpainting
书法calligraphy
中国画traditionalChinesepainting
水墨画Chinesebrushpainting;
inkwashpainting
民俗folkcustom
文化遗产culturalheritage
非物质文化遗产intangibleculturalheritage
吉祥/幸运数字luckynumber
偶数/双数evennumber
奇数/单数oddnumber
吉祥物mascot
龙dragon
凤phoenix
龟tortoise
吉祥图案luckypattern
姓氏文化surnameculture
婚嫁习俗marriagecustom
传统婚礼traditionalwedding
葬礼习俗funeralcustom
迷信/迷信的superstition/superstitious
武术martialarts
中国功夫ChineseKungFu
太极TaiChi
中国象棋Chinesechess
中国围棋Go
麻将mahjong
宗教religion
伊斯兰教Islam
清真寺mosque
寺庙temple
和尚/僧人monk
民间故事folktale
寓言fable
传说legend
凡间humanworld
思想学派schoolofthought
思想观念ideology
哲学家philosopher
思想家thinker
创始人founder
代表人物representative
儒家思想Confucianism
儒家文化Confucianculture
道教Taoism
佛教Buddhism
孔子Confucius
孟子Mencius
老子LaoTzu;
LaoZi
庄子ChuangTzu
墨子MoTzu
孙子SunTzu
《论语》TheAnalectsofConfucius
《道德经》TaoTeChing
《易经》TheBookofChanges
《孙子兵法》TheArtofWar
传统节日
春节theSpringFestival/ChineseNewYear
元宵节theLanternFestival
清明节theTomb-sweepingDay/QingMingFestival
端午节theDragonBoatFestival
中秋节theMid-autumnDay/Festival
重阳节theDoubleNinthDay
七夕节theDoubleSeventhDay/QiXiFestival
除夕ChineseNewYear’sEve
公历/阳历solarcalendar
农历/阴历lunarcalendar
庆祝(节日)celebrate;
observe
起源origin
起源于tooriginatein/from
习俗tradition;
convention;
custom
年夜饭annualreuniondinner
拜年topayaNewYearcall
探亲访友to(paya)visit(to)relativesandfriends
亲朋好友relativesandfriends
大扫除tothoroughlycleanthehouse
驱厄运tosweepawayillfortune;
togetridofbadluck
去除灾难towardoffevils
压岁钱luckmoney
发红包togivemoneyinredenvelopes;
tohandoutredenvelopes
欢度……tocelebrate…;
thecelebrationof…
春联springcouplets
爆竹firecrackers;
fireworks
年画NewYearpictures
庙会templefair
民间艺人folkartist
祭神god-worshiping
舞龙dragondance
灯笼/花灯(festival)lantern
灯谜lanternriddle
有益的智力活动beneficialintellectualactivity
中国结Chineseknot
赛龙舟dragonboatrace
赏月toenjoythefullmoon
登高hillclimbing
放风筝toflyakite
荡秋千toplay/rideonaswing
民间艺术
中国传统戏曲Chinesetraditionaloperas
京剧PekingOpera
京剧脸谱thefacialmakeupofBeijingOpera/PekingOperaMask
正面角色positiverole
说、学、逗、唱speaking,imitating;
teasingandsinging
传统乐器traditionalinstrument
木偶戏puppetshow
皮影戏shadowplay
杂技acrobatics
相声crosstalk
说书story-telling
民间工艺folkcraft
手艺craftsmanship
工匠/手工艺人craftsman
剪纸Chinesepapercutting
刺绣embroidery
丝绸silk
纺织品textile
瓷器porcelain;
chinaware
陶器pottery;
earthenware
青铜器bronzeware
中国结Chineseknot
泥塑clayfiguremodeling
中国玉器Chinesejade
雕刻carving
中餐及烹饪方法
中国菜/中餐Chinesecuisine;
Chinesefood
八大菜系EightCuisines
粤菜Cantoncuisine
国宴statebanquet
色香味outlook,flavorandtaste
香脆可口crispyandtasty
营养丰富nutritious
烹饪技巧cookingtechnique
煎tofry
炒tostir-fry
炸todeep-fry
烩/焖/炖tostew
蒸tosteam
煮toboil
烘焙tobake
烤toroast
切条tocuttostrips
切丁todice
切碎tomince
磨碎togrind
饮食习惯dietaryhabit
特色食品specialfood;
specialty
元宵sweetstickyricedumplings
年糕ricecake
油条deep-frieddoughsticks
豆浆soybeanmilk
馒头steamedbun
包子steamedstuffedbun
拉面hand-stretchednoodles
豆腐tofu;
beancurd
麻花frieddoughtwist
皮蛋100-yearegg;
centuryegg
蛋炒饭friedricewithegg
火锅hotpot
原材ingredient
调料seasoning;
dressing
猪/牛肉丸pork/beefball
鸭肉duck
蘑菇mushroom
北京烤鸭BeijingRoastDuck
素菜馆vegetarianrestaurant
白酒Chineseliquor
中国历史
四大文明古国之一oneofthefourancientcivilizations
中华文明Chinesecivilization
文明的摇篮cradleofcivilization
文明古国ancientcivilization
人类文明史thehistoryofhumancivilization
远古时代ancienttimes
原始社会primitivesociety
封建社会feudalsociety
源远流长/历史悠久tohavealonghistory;
withalonghistory
随着时间的推移astimegoesby
朝代dynasty
春秋战国时期theSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesPeriod
古都ancientcapital
皇帝/君主emperor;
monarch
勤政爱民tobediligentandloveone’speople
退位togiveupthethrone
丞相/宰相primeminister
学者scholar
政治家statesman
军事家militarystrategist
鸦片战争theOpiumWar
南昌起义NanchangUprising
辛亥革命the1911Revolution
五四运动theMay4thMovementof1919
抗日战争theAnti-JapaneseWar
西安事变Xi’anIncident
南京大屠杀NanjingMassacre
长征theLongMarch
历史遗留问题aquestionleftoverfromhistory/thepast
在战争中损毁toberuinedinwars
抵抗侵略toresisttheinvasion
在……世纪初atthebeginningof…century
迄今为止uptillnow
追溯到todatebackto;
tobetracedbackto…
来源于toderive/stemfrom;
tooriginatefrom/in
发祥地birthplace
兴起于……,兴盛于……toemergein…andprosperin…
社会地位socialstatus
建立(朝代)tobuild;
tofound;
toestablish
繁荣toprosper/flourish
灭亡tocollapse;
tocometoanend
以……命名tobenamedafter…
历史人物historicfigure
闰年leapyear
商业经济
集体经济collectiveeconomy
计划经济plannedeconomy
自由经济liberaleconomy
商品经济commodityeconomy
经济体制改革reformoftheeconomicsystem
经济特区specialeconomiczone
人均国民收入nationalincomepercapita
第一产业/农业primaryindustry;
agriculture
第二产业/工业secondaryindustry;
manufacturing
第三产业/服务业tertiaryindustry;
service
农业farming
林业forestry
畜牧业animalhusbandry
副业sidelineproduction
渔业fishing
经济增长率economicgrowthrate
财政政策fiscalpolicy
经济结构调整adjustmentofeconomicstructure
优化经济结构tooptimizetheeconomicstructure
改善经济环境toimproveeconomicenvironment
科学技术是第一生产力scienceandtechnologyaretheprimaryproductiveforces
国有资产state-ownedproperty
开放国内市场toopendomesticmarket
缩小贫富差距tonarrowthegapbetweentherichandpoor
消除贫困toeliminatepoverty
共同富裕commonprosperity
经济形势economicsituation
经济波动economicfluctuation
经济衰退economicdepression;
recession
经济稳定economicstability
经济政策economicpolicy
经济复原economicrecovery
经济奇迹economicmiracle
经济起飞economictake-off
全球经济globaleconomy
经济学家economist
企业家entrepreneur
经济全球化economicglobalization
市场经济marketeconomy
市场调节markerregulation
市场多元化marketdiversification
推动经贸合作toboosteconomicandtradecooperation
商界businesscommunities
互惠互利mutualbenefit
总需求aggregate/totaldemand
总供给aggregatesupply
扩大内需toexpanddomesticdemand
团购groupbuying
财政预算financialbudget
耐用消费品durableconsumergoods
年末促销year-endpromotion
垄断monopoly
垄断行业monopolyindustry
市场占有率marketshare
生产力/生产率productivity
经济增长放缓economicslowdown
国有企业state-ownedenterprise(SOE)
私营企业privatebusiness
合资企业jointventure
民营企业privately-runbusiness
中小企业smallandmedium-sizedenterprise
小微企业smallandmicro-sizedfirm
民间资本privatecapital
民间投资privateinvestment
泡沫经济bubbleeconomy
经济过热overheatingofeconomy
实体经济therealeconomy
外汇储备充足sufficientforeignexchangereserve
国内/国际贸易domestic/internationaltrade
对外贸易foreigntrade
贸易条件termsoftrade
不公平竞争unfaircompetition
海关customs
关税customsduty
水货/走私货smuggledgoods
产品质量productquality
高度评价tospeakhighlyof
物美价廉competitivepriceandsuperiorquality
销量/销售额sales
存货/库存量stocks
金融组织fiinancialinstitution
商业信誉commercialreputation
管理机制managementmechanism
改善服务toimproveservices
延长保修期toextendmaintenance
制造商/制造厂manufacturer
原材料rawmaterial
样品sample
大规模生产massproduction
年产量annualoutput
劳动力密集型产业labour-intensiveindustry
知识密集型产业knowledge-intensiveindustry
工作歧视discriminationinworkplace
高消耗highconsumption
高投入highinvestment
沿袭……模式tocontinuewiththemodelof…
住房抵押贷款residentialmortgageloan
分期付款topaybyinstallm