中考初中语法定语从句练习题Word下载.docx
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(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)
4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;
指物时,相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)
(2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?
(在句子中做宾语)
5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.
whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替
(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?
=Doyoulikethebookisyellow?
【总结】:
一、关系代词引导定语从句时,可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。
如:
代替人
代替物
代替人或物
主语
who
which
that
宾语
whom/who
定语
whose(=ofwhom)
whose(=ofwhich)
1.Thisisthedoctor_____________camefromLondon.
2.Thebook___________________IamreadingiswrittenbyThomasHardy.
3.Thedesk_________________legisbrokenisveryold.
4.Thisistheroom______________Shakespearewasbornin.
二、使用关系代词时应注意以下几点:
1.如果先行词是all,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。
例如:
Allthatarepresentburstintotears.
2.如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which。
ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.
3.which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。
在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思与andthis相似。
例如:
Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.
4.先行词中既有人又有物时,关系代词应该用that。
Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.
5.“介词+关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
此结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,to,at,of,without等,关系代词常常只可用whom或which,不可用that。
Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.
像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。
Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.
一、典型例题
()1、-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather?
-Yes,he‘sourheadmaster.
A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom
()2、Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.
A.which;
isB.whom;
was
C.who;
isD.who;
was
()3、HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic___actorsareveryfamous?
AwhoBwhoseCthatDwhom
()4、Annaskedthepoliceman___heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.
AwithhimBwithwhomCwhoDwhom
()5、Achild____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.
AwhichBhisCwhoseDwith
()6、Thisisthereason______hetoldme.
A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthat
()7、Doyouknowthescientist_______gaveusatalkjustnow?
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose
()8、Thisisthedictionary_______Mumgavemeformybirthday.
A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom
()9、ShaolinTemple________liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.
A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what
()10、—Doyouknowthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?
—Sheismylittlesister.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which
三、课后练习
()1.Beijingisthe29thcity_______holdstheOlympicGames.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what
()2.Haveyoureadthebook_______Igaveyouyesterday?
A.thatB.whenC.where
()3.Theman_______cametoourpartywithapresentismyoldfriend.
A.whenB.whichC.who
()4.Ilikewriters_______writeshortstories.
A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who
()5.Thisisthequestion_______wearetalkingaboutnow.
A.thatB.whoC.whereD.when
()6.—Whatareyoulookingfor?
—Iamlookingforthebook_______Iboughtyesterday.
A.whoB.whichC.whose
()7.Jack,thereissomeoneintheoffice_______wouldliketospeakwithyou.
A.whoB.whichC.whom
()8.Ifabagisfilledwithbooksandpens,itmustbelongtosomeone_______workshard.
A.whichB./C.whomD.who
()9.Manyyoungpeoplepreferthesongs_______havegreatlyrics.
A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom
()10.Eventeacherscan’tunderstandsomeexpressions_______theirstudentsuseindailylife.
A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.whom
()11.Thebridge____abigshipcangohasbeenbuilt.
A.underwhichB.underthat
C.inwhichD.onwhich
()12.Thebook____istornismine.
A.thecoverofwhichB.thecoverofthat
C.whichthecoverD.whosecoverof
()13.Hetalkedabouttheclassmatesandtheschool____hehadvisited.
A.whoB.that
C.whichD.aboutwhich
()14.Youhaveseenthegirl____sisterisaChineseteacher.
A.whomB.ofwhomC.whoseD.ofwhich
()15.Weshoulddoall____isusefultopeople.
A./B.thatC.itD.which
()16.Wecametoaplace____theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.
A.whichB.inwhich
C.onwhichD.towhich
()17.Those____finisheddoingitputupyourhands.
A.whohaveB.whohas
C.whichhaveD.have
()19.Theman____wasafriendofmine.
A.thatyoujusttalkedtoB.whomyoujusttalkedtohim
C.whoyoujusttalkedtohimD.whichyoujusttalkedto
()20.Iwenttotheschool____myfatheronceworked.
A.thatB.which
C.whereD.onwhich
()21.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_________hasagreateffectonmylife.
A.that;
whichB.when;
which
C.which;
thatD.when;
who
()22.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it
()23.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,___personallyIdoubtverymuch.
A.itB.thatC.whenD.which
()24.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,___,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.
A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what
()25.Haveyouseenthefilm"
Titanic"
________leadingactorisworldfamous?
A.itsB.it'
sC.whoseD.which
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2.2019年2月20日,中央宣传部授予北京榜样优秀群体“时代楷模”称号。
时代楷模充分体现“爱国、敬业、诚信、友善”的价值准则。
某网站正在开展以“向时代楷模学习”为主题的英语征文活动。
假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈生活中你该怎么做,以及这样做的意义。
提示词语:
pickup,rubbish,study,honest,important
提示问题:
●Whatshouldyoudoinyourdailylife?
●Whydoyoudoso?
Asamiddlestudent,Icandoalottolearnfromourrolemodels.
【答案】例文
Asamiddlestudent,Icandoalottolearnfromourrolemodels.First,wecanprotecttheenvironment.Forexample,wecanpickuptherubbish,recyclethingsinourdailylife,andsoon.Second,weshallrespectpeoplearoundus.Respectotherstostartfromsmallthings.Third,behavewell.Weshouldbekindtoothers,warm-heartedtoeveryone,andgeneroustoourfriends.Bydoingso,ourworldwillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful.
【解析】
【详解】
题干解读:
该题目属于应用文写作,但写作时要按照应用文格式写,写作时承接短文开头,具体写出怎样做以及这样做的意义。
例文点评:
例文采用的是一段式,人称用的是第一人称复数形式,时态主要用的是一般现在时,描述具体怎么做时,描写细致,条理清晰。
高分亮点:
短语:
protecttheenvironment;
pickuptherubbish;
behavewell;
bekindtosb;
moreandmorebeautiful。
句型:
Bydoingso,ourworldwillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful;
wecanpickuptherubbish,recyclethingsinourdailylife,andsoon。
3.书面表达
南京阳光中学每年要接特来自世界各地的交流学生。
为了让他们更好地在南京学习生活,校学生会面向全体学生招募“阳光志愿者”。
假如你是李明,请根据下面招募广告,用英文写一封自荐信。
VolunteersWanted
RequiredQualifications
GoodEnglishandChinese
Helpful,patient,outgoing
GoodknowledgeofChineseculture
Duties
TeachChinese&introduceChineseculture
ShowexchangestudentsaroundNanjing
Workinghours
4:
00p.m.-5:
00p.m.Wednesday,8:
00a.m.-12:
00am.Sunday
ContactInfo.
Ms.YangEmail:
iindayang@
Joinus!
注意:
1.对所有要点逐一陈述,适当发挥。
2.词数80左右,自荐信的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数.
3.文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等.
DearMs.Yang
Iwouldtobeasunshinevolunteer.______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
IwillbeveryhappyifIamchosen.tobeavolunteer..I'
mreallylookingforwardtoyourreply.
Yourssincerely
LiMing
【答案】DearMs.Yang,
Iwouldliketobesunshinevolunteer.FirstIamgoodatbothEnglishandChinese.AndIamsureIcanteachexchangestudentsChinesewell.IamalsohelpfulandIamalwaysreadytohelpthoseinneed.Besides,Iampatientenougheverythingindetail.ihavesuchagoodknowledgeoftheChineseculturethatcanhelpthemknowthebeautyofit.IcanmakegoodplansfortheirtripsbecauseIknowNanjingwell.IamoutgoingandIthinkit’seasyformetomakefriendswiththem,Iamfreefrom4:
00p.m.to5:
00p.m.onWednesday.IcanteachthemChineseduringthistime.IcanalsospendthewholeSundaymorningshowingthemaroundNanjing.
IwillbeveryhappyifIamchosentobeavolunteer.Iamreallylookingforwardtoyourreply.
Yourssincerely,
【分析】
这篇书面表达是写一封作学校“阳光志愿者”的自荐信。
这是篇材料作文。
招募广告即写作的主要内容,考生可从自己是否满足招募要求入手。
在写作时,首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型,在能力范围之内,选择句式时要赋予变化,这样才可以更好的驾驭。
同时也要选择合适的连接词,把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体。
4.临近毕业,学校在学习小组内开展了初中阶段自评和组评活动,假设你是Moonlight小组的组长,请根据下面表格中的信息和提示,为你的组员Tommy进行综合素质的评价,写一份素质报告.
Name
Tom