上海市南汇中学学年高一月考英语试题Word下载.docx

上海市南汇中学学年高一月考英语试题Word下载.docx

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Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthat（20）________（work）isthecombinationofincreasedlightandwarmth.（21）________（program）tofeelsleepywhenit’sdarkoutside,humanbeingshavetoworkhardertostayalertduringthelongperiodsofdarknessinwinter.Thearrivalofspringbringsmoredaylight（22）________________wecanenjoytheenergythatisnolongerneededtofightoffsleepiness.

Atthesametime,ourhormonal（激素的）

balanceisalsochangedwhenspringiscoming.Increasedlightandrisingtemperaturebringaboutthereleaseofserotonin（血清素）,abrainchemicalthataffectshowapersonfeels,andendorphin（内啡肽）,ahormone（23）________（reduce）thefeelingorpain.Asaresult,ourmoodsget（24）________（improve）inspring,althoughthecolddoesnotnecessarilycontributetoworsemoods.

Withthedevelopmentofair-conditioningandheating,ourwelfareisnolongerweather-dependent,butpeoplearestillsensitive（25）________weather.Inwarmerweather,wefeellike（26）________（go）wherewecangetacoolbeeroranicecream.Itisapositivesignthatthebodyreactspositivelytoabeautifulday.Wealso

tendtosocializemore.Studieshaveshownthatpositivesocialcontactiscloselylinkedtosomething（27）________wecallasenseofhappiness.

Hello,springeuphoria!

Let’senjoytheperiodwhenwefeelquitepositive!

SectionB

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.mysteryB.lowerC.developedD.freezingE.exactly

F.transplantG.finallyH.understandingI.formedJ.similarK.survive

It’stimetowelcomethewarmspring!

Youmustbehappytotakeoffyourheavysweaterandtoseethatwinteris______28.____gone.Butdidyouknowthatthereareafewanimalswhodon’tfearthecoldandevenenjoy__29____weather.

TheArcticgroundsquirrel,theonlyknownwarm-bloodedmammalthatcanlivewithabodytemperatureunder0℃,interestsseveralscientists,whobelievethatthesecrettothisabilitycouldbeimportant.

TheproblemoflivinginArcticwintersisthatthewaterinanimals’bodiesfreezestobecomeicetakinguptheircellsandcausingdeath.

Inordertoliveintheirextremeenvironment,polaranimalshave__30__differentabilitiestofightthedamagefromiceformingintheirbodies.Forexample,beforethelongsleepofhibernationodfrogslivinginAlaskacanproduce“cryoprotectants”,which__31__thefreezingpointo

fwatersidetheirbodies.Inaddition,theAntarcticmidgecanloseupto70percentofthewaterinitsbodybeforebernation,andcan__32__tempe

raturesaslowas-20℃.

However,aswarm-bloodedmammals,Arcticgroundsquirrelscan’tdotheabovetrick.Instead,beforehibernationthesquirrelsmanagetogetridofwould-beice-nucleators,whichare_33__toicecrystals,intheirbodies.Althoughhowtheyexactlydothisremainsa__34__,BrainBarnes,oftheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanksintheUS,saysthatthesquirrelsmaydothisbymakingmaskingagents（掩蔽剂）.Theseagentsstopice-nucleatorstopreventicefrombeing__35__.Thismeansthattheycanentera“supercooledstate”.

Scientistsbelieve__36__howArcticgroundsquirrelsdealwiththefreezingconditionscouldonedayhelphumans.Forexample,atthemoment,organsfor__37__arechilledbutnotfrozen.Thismeanstheoperationhastobedonewithinjustafewhours.andmanylife-savingorganscannotreachtheirpatientsin

Nocasehasbeenfoundofanyonereachingthehighestlevelsofachievementwithout__45__himselforherselftothousandsofhoursofserioustraining.Eventhosewhoarebelievedtobeexceptionallytalented--whetherinmusic,mathematics,chess,orsports--haveneededlengthyperiodsof__46__andpracticetoachievetheirhigh

estlevelofsuccess.‘Thepersistentfalsebeliefthatsomepeoplereachhighlevelsofperformancewithoutspendingnumeroushourspractising__47__muchtothefactthattheirpracticeisusuallyoutsidethecasualobserver’sview,’statedonescientist.

Theimportanceofpracticehasbeennoticedinathletics.Forinstance,differencesinthecompositionofcertainmuscleswereoncethoughttobe__48__predictorsofathleticperformance.However,thedifferencesintheproportionofcertainmusclefibers（组织）thatare__49__forsuccessinlong-distancerunningarelargelytheresultofextendedpracticeinrunning.

‘Whatmakesageniusthen?

’onemayask.__50__,thereisnoclearanswer.Whatisknown,however,isthat‘nurture’isatleastasimportantas‘nature’.__51__,asupportiveenvironmentwilldofarmoreforachild’sprospectsofsuccessthananyinborngifts.Thisisamessagethatmostofuswillfind__52__--evenifwehaven’twonthegenelottery,ourfateisstillinourownhands.

38.A.delayB.challengeC.supportD.dismiss

39.A.possessedB.foresawC.commandedD.maintained

40.A.educationB.practiceC.fortuneD.character

41.A.satisfiedB.concernedC.decoratedD.gifted

42.A.preciouslyB.practicallyC.previouslyD.primarily

43.A.doubtedB.concludedC.mentionedD.applauded

44.A.accomplishmentB.treasureC.diligenceD.inspiration

45.A.adaptingB.attachingC.linkingD.devoting

46.A.instructionB.associationC.obsessionD.admiration

47.A.carriesB.leavesC.owesD.connects

48.A.creativeB.reliableC.naturalD.active

49.A.essentialB.suitableC.possibleD.feasible

50.A.UnlikelyB.SimilarlyC.HopefullyD.Unfortunately

51.A.TosumupB.InotherwordsC.ForexampleD.Inaddition

52.A.misleadingB.puzzlingC.comfortingD.amusing

SectionB

Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

A

TheGabonviperisasnakethatgrowstotwometersinlength.Itisblackalloverandasthickasastrongman’sarm.Whenangry,itbarkslikeadogandspitspoison.Itisoneofnature’smostdangerousgiftstotheworld.Mostpeoplewouldprefernaturetokeepgiftslikethattoitself.

Otherthinkdifferently.TheythinkthatGabonVipers,alongwithotherpoisonoussnakes,spidersandreptilesareperfectanimalfriendsfortheirchildren.Theybelievethattheneighborswillenvythemiftheykeepalioninthebackyard.Andtheybelievethatnohomeiscompletewithoutmonkeyoraparrotinacage.Thatiswhythetrad

einunusualpetsisnowworthoverUS$10billionperyearinspiteofbeingillegalinmostcountries.

Theseriouseffectofthetradeisthedamageitdoestothenaturalenvironment.Hunterscatchyoungparrotsbycuttingdownthetreeswhichthebirdsusetomakenestsin.Babymonkeysalwaysstayclosetot

heirmothers.Sothehuntersshootthemothers.

Thesefactsarenowwellknown,butthetradecontinues.Itseemsthatthestrongdesiretokeeppetshasdeeprootsinthehumanmind.Somepsychologistssaythatitisawayforpeopletogetclosertonature.Peoplekeepcatsanddogsaskindofhistoricalecho（仿效）ofthedayswhendogswereusedt

ocontrolsheepandcatswerekeptinthehometohuntmiceandrats.Astechnologymovessocietyfurtherawayfromthenaturalworld,thedesiretokeepintouchwithitgrowsstronger.Dogsandcatsbecomeboring.Onlysnakes,bears,lionsandotherdangerouscreaturessatisfysomepeople’sdesiretogetpersonalcontrolovernature.

ThisiswhytherearenowmoretigerskeptaspetsintheUnitedStatesthantherearelivingnaturallyintheworld.Oneresultofthisisanincreaseinattacksonhumans.Accordingtoareport,thereismorechanceofachildbeingkilledbyaBengalTigerinTexasthanthereisinBengal.

53.Somepeoplekeepdangerousanimals

intheirbackyardsforthereasonthat________.

A.theywanttoprotectthemselvesfrombeingkilled

B.theywanttoshowthefactthattheywillprotectanimals

C.Theywanttohavethefeelingofadmirationfromtheirneighbors

D.Theywanttomakealotofmoneyfromtheunusualanimals

54.Itcanbeconcludedfromthispassagethat________.

A.Keepingpetsisverypopularallovertheworld

B.Keepingpetsisverypopularinsomepoorcountries

C.Keepingpetsisagainstlawsinsomerichcountries

D.Keepingpetscostsalotofmoneyinsomecountries

55.Accordingtosomepsychologists’opinionwecanfindthat________.

A.dogsandcatsusedtobethemostpopularpets

B.humanbeingapproachnaturebyraisingpets

C.itisnotrightforhumanbeingstocontrolnature

D.modernpeopleshouldpreferdangerousanimalstodogsandcats

56.Thewriterofthispassageseemstoshowushisworrythat________.

A.dangerousanimalswillkillmorepeopleovertheword

B.Someanimalswilldisappearifpeopledestroytheirlivingplaces

C.Moderntechnologywilldestroythebalanceofnature

D.Peoplewillspendtoomuchmoneyonkeepingpets

B

Itisoneofthegreatestmysteriesofnature.Incaseyouhaven’tnoti