联合国海洋法公约英文版Word格式文档下载.docx
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seasandoceanswhichwillfacilitateinternationalcommunication,and
willpromotethepeacefulusesoftheseasandoceans,theequitableand
efficientutilizationoftheirresources,theconservationoftheir
livingresources,andthestudy,protectionandpreservationofthemarine
erwironment,
Bearinginmindthattheachievementofthesegoalswillcontribute
totherealizationofajustandequitableinternationaleconomicorder
whichtakesintoaccounttheinterestsandneedsofmankindasawhole
and,inparticular,thespecialinterestsandneedsofdeveloping
(x#fhtries,whethercoastalorland-locked,
DesiringbythisConventiontodeveloptheprinciplesembodiedinresolution2749(XXV)of17December1970
inwhichtheGeneralAssembly
oftheUnitedNationssolemnlydeclaredinteraliathattheareaofthe
seabedandoceanfloorandthesubsoilthereof,beyondthelimitsof
nationaljurisdiction,aswellasitsresources,arethecommonheritage
ofmankindftheexplorationandexploitationofwhichshallbecarried
outforthebenefitofmankindasawhole,irrespectiveofthegeographical
locationofStates,
ABelievingthatthecodificationandprogressivedevelopmentofthe
lawoftheseaachievedinthisConventionwillcontributetothestrengtheningofpeace,security,cooperationandfriendlyrelationsamongallnationsinconformitywiththeprinciplesofjusticeandequalrightsandwillpromotetheeconomicandsocialadvancementofallpeoplesoftheworld,inaccordancewiththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNationsassetforthintheCharter,
AAffirmingthatmattersnotregulatedbythisConventioncontinuetobegovernedbytherulesandprinciplesofgeneralinternationallaw,
.:
AHaveagreedasfollows:
PARTI
INTRODUCTION
Article1
Useoftermsandscope
1.Fo「thepurposesofthisConvention:
(1)"
Area”meanstheseabedandoceanfloorandsubsoilthereof,beyond
thelimitsofnationaljurisdiction;
(2)"
'
Authority11meanstheInternationalSeabedAuthority;
(3)"
activitiesintheArea1'
meansallactivitiesofexplorationfor,and
exploitationof,theresourcesoftheArea;
(4)”pollutionofthemarineenvironment"
meanstheintroductionbyman,
directlyorindirectly,ofsubstancesorenergyintothemarine
environment,includingestuaries,whichresultsorislikelytoresult
insuchdeleteriouseffectsasharmtolivingresourcesandmarinelife,hazardstohumanhealth,hindrancetomarineactivities,ineludingfishingandotherlegitimateusesofthesea,impairmentofqualityfor
useofseawaterandreductionofamenities;
(5)(a)”dumping”means:
(i)anydeliberatedisposalofwastesorothermatterfromvessels,aircraft,platformsorotherman-made
structuresatsea;
(ii)anydeliberatedisposalofvessels,aircraft,platformsorotherman-madestructuresatsea;
(b)"
dumping”doesnotinclude:
(i)thedisposalofwastesorothermatterincidental
to,orderivedfromthenormaloperationsofvessels,
aircraft,platformsorotherman-madestructuresatseaandtheirequipment,otherthanwastesorother
mattertransportedbyortovessels,aircraft,
platformsorotherman-madestructuresatsea,
operatingforthepurposeofdisposalofsuchmatter
orderivedfromthetreatmentofsuchwastesorother
matteronsuchvessels,aircraft,platformsor
structures;
(ii)placementofmatterforapurposeotherthanthe
meredisposalthereof,providedthatsuchplacementis
notcontrarytotheaimsofthisConvention.
2.
(1)”StatesParties'
1meansStateswhichhaveconsentedto
beboundby
thisConventionandforwhichthisConventionisinforce.
(2)ThisConventionappliesmutatismutandistotheentities
referred
inarticle305,paragraph1(b),(c),(d),(e)and(f),whichbecome
PartiestothisConventioninaccordaneewiththeconditions
relevant
each,andtothatextent"
StatesParties1'
referstothoseentities.
PARTII
TERRITORIALSEAANDCONTIGUOUSZONE
SECTION仁GENERALPROVISIONS
Article2
Legalstatusoftheterritorialsea,oftheairspace
overtheterritorialseaandofitsbedandsubsoil
1.ThesovereigntyofacoastalStateextends,beyonditslandterritoryandinternalwatersand,inthecaseofanarchipelagicState,itsarchipelagicwaters,toanadjacentbeltofseafdescribedastheterritorialsea・
2.
seaas
Thissovereigntyextendstotheairspaceovertheterritorial
wellastoitsbedandsubsoil.
Conventionandtootherrulesofinternationallaw.
SECTION2.LIMITSOFTHETECTORIALSEA
Article3
Breadthoftheterritorialsea
EveryStatehastherighttoestablishthebreadthofitsterritorialsea
uptoalimitnotexceeding12nauticalmiles,measuredfrombaselines
determinedinaccordancewiththisConvention.
Article4
Outerlimitoftheterritorialsea
Theouterlimitoftheterritorialseaisthelineeverypointofwhich
isatadistaneefromthenearestpointofthebaselineequaltothebreadth
oftheterritorialsea・
Article5
Normalbaseline
ExceptwhereotherwiseprovidedinthisConvention,thenormalbaseline
formeasuringthebreadthoftheterritorialseaisthelow-waterline
alongthecoastasmarkedonlarge-scalechartsofficiallyrecognizedby
thecoastalState・
Article6
Reefs
Inthecaseofislandssituatedonatollsorofislandshavingfringingreefs,thebaselineformeasuringthebreadthoftheterritorialseaistheseawardlow-waterlineofthereef,asshownbytheappropriatesymbolonchartsofficiallyrecognizedbythecoastalState.
Article7
Straightbaselines
仁Inlocalitieswherethecoastlineisdeeplyindentedandcutinto,or
ifthereisafringeofislandsalongthecoastinitsimmediatevicinity,
themethodofstraightbaselinesjoiningappropriatepointsmaybe
employedindrawingthebaselinefromwhichthebreadthoftheterritorial
seaismeasured・
2.Wherebecauseofthepresenceofadeltaandothernaturalconditions
thecoastlineishighlyunstable,theappropriatepointsmaybeselected
alongthefurthestseawardextentofthelow-waterlineand,
notwithstandingsubsequentregressionofthelow-waterline,thestraight
baselinesshallremaineffectiveuntilchangedbythecoastalStatein
accordaneewiththisConvention.
3.Thedrawingofstraightbaselinesmustnotdeparttoanyappreciable
extentfromthegeneraldirectionofthecoast,andtheseaareaslying
withinthelinesmustbesufficientlycloselylinkedtothelanddomain
tobesubjecttotheregimeofinternalwaters・
4.Straightbaselinesshallnotbedrawntoandfromlow-tideelevations,unlesslighthousesorsimilar
installationswhicharepermanentlyabove
sealevelhavebeenbuiltonthemorexceptininstanceswherethedrawingofbaselinestoandfromsuchelevationshasreceivedgeneralinternationalrecognition.
5.Wherethemethodofstraightbaselinesisapplicableunderparagraph1,accountmaybetaken,indeterminingparticularbaselines,ofeconomicinterestspeculiartotheregionconcerned,therealityandtheimportanceofwhichareclearlyevidencedbylongusage・
6.Thesystemofstraight
baselines
maynotbeapplied
byaStateinsuch
amannerastocutofftheterritorial
seaofanotherState
fromthehigh
seasoranexclusiveeconomiczone.
Article8
Internalwaters
1・ExceptasprovidedinPartIV,watersonthelandwardsideofthe
baselineoftheterritorialseaformpartoftheinternalwatersofthe
State.
2.Wheretheestablishmentofastraightbaselineinaccordancewiththemethodsetforthinarticle7hastheeffectofenclosingasinternal
watersareaswhichhadnotpreviouslybeenconsideredassuch,aright
ofinnocentpassageasprovidedinthisConventionshallexistinthose
waters・
Article9
Mouthsofrivers
Ifariverflowsdirectlyintothesea,thebaselineshallbeastraightlineacrossthemouthoftheriverbetweenpointsonthelow-waterline
ofitsbanks.
ArticlelO
Bays
1.ThisarticlerelatesonlytobaysthecoastsofwhichbelongtoasingleState.
2.ForthepurposesofthisConvention,abayisawell-markedindentation
whosepenetrationisinsuchproportiontothewidthofitsmouthasto
containIand-lockedwatersandconstitutemorethanamerecurvatureof
thecoast.Anindentationshallnot,however,beregardedasabayunless
itsareaisaslargeas,orlargerthan,thatofthesemi-circlewhosediameterisalinedrawnacrossthemouthofthatindentation.
3.Forthepurposeofmeasurement,theareaofanindentationisthatlying
betweenthelow-watermark8「oundtheshoreoftheindentationandalinejoiningthelow-watermarkofitsnaturalentrancepoints.Where,because
ofthepreseneeofislands,anindentationhasmorethanonemouth,the
semi-circleshallbedrawnonalineaslongasthesumtotalofthelengths
ofthelinesacrossthedifferentmouths.Islandswithinanindentationshallbeinclud