英语四级阅读练习及答案Word下载.docx

英语四级阅读练习及答案Word下载.docx

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A） 

doesoriginalresearchtothebasiclawsofnature 

B） 

appliedtheresultofresearchtopracticalproblems

C） 

providesthebasicknowledgeforthepurescientist

D） 

isnotinterestedinpracticalproblems

2.Theexamplegiveninthethirdparagraphillustrateshow 

purescienceoperatesindependentlyofappliedscience

theappliedscientistdiscoverthebasiclawsofnature

appliedsciencedefinesalltheareasinwhichbasicresearchisdone

appliedsciencesuggestsproblemsforthebasicscientist 

3.Finerandfinersubdivisioninthefieldofsciencehasresultedin 

thelossoftheneedforspecialists

greaterinterdependenceofeachscience

greaterdependenceofeachscience

theneedforonlyoneclassificationifscientists

4.Geophysicsandbiochemistryare 

.

examplesofnewspecialtiesresultingfromcombingsciences

totallydependentsciences

amongtheoldestsciencesknowntoman

bothB）andC）

5.“Thehorizonsofsciencehaveexpanded,”（para1）meansthat 

scientistscanseefurtheroutintospace

sciencehasdeveloped 

morefieldofhumanendeavor

thehorizonchangessizefromyeartoyear

scientistshavemadeamachineforenlargingthehorizon

PassageTwo:

Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives,andalthoughwemaytakethefriendshipforgranted,weoftendon’tclearlyunderstandhowwemakefriends.Whilewegetonwellwithonlyanumberofpeople,weareusuallyfriendswithonlyaveryfew.Forexample,theaverageamongstudentsisabout6perperson.Inallthecasesoffriendlyrelationship,twopeoplelikeoneanotherandenjoybeingtogether,butbeyondthat,thedegreeofintimacybetweenthemandthereasonsfortheirsharedinterestvaryenormously.Aswegettoknowpeoplewetakeintoaccountthingslikeages,race,economiccondition,socialposition,andintelligence.Althoughthesefactorsarenotofprimeimportance,itismoredifficulttogetonwithpeoplewhenthereisamarkeddifferenceinageandbackground.

Somefriendlyrelationshipscanbekeptonargumentanddiscussion,butitisusuallyforclosefriendstohavesimilarideasandbeliefs,tohaveattitudeandinterestsincommon—theyoftentalkabout“beingonthesamewavelength”.Itgenerallytakestimetoreachthispoint.Andthemoreintimatelyinvolvedpeoplebecome,themoretheyrelyononeanother.Peoplewanttodofriendsfavorsandhatetobreakanpromise.Equally,friendshavetolearntoputupwithannoyinghabitsandtotolerantdifferencesofopinion.

Incontrastwithmarriage,therearenofriendshipceremoniestostrengthentheassociationbetweentwopeople.Butthesupportingandunderstandingofeachotherthatresultsfromsharedexperiencesandemotionsdoesseemtocreateapowerfulbond,whichcanovercomedifferencesinbackgroundandbreakdownofage,classandrace.

6.Accordingtotheauthor, 

. 

allthosewhogetonwellwitheachotherarefriends

friendsarecloserthanpeoplewhojustgetonwellwitheachother

everyoneunderstandclearlyhowtomakefriends

everystudentshas6friends

7.Whenwemakefriends,weconsidersuchthingsasage,raceandbackgroundbecause 

itisnoteasytohaveafriendlyrelationshipwithpeoplewhenthereisamarkeddifferenceinageandbackground

thedegreedoffriendshipbetweenpeopleandthereasonfortheirsharedinterestscanvarygreatly

friendsneedtoknowallthesethings

thesearethemostimportantfactorstomakefriends

8.Inparagraph2,“beingonthesamewavelength”means 

usingthesamefrequencywhiletalking

keepingthesamefriendlyrelationshipasotherpeopledo

havingsimilarideas,beliefs,attitudesandinterests

havingthesamebackground

9.Whichofthefollowingisnotimpliedordirectlystatedinthepassage?

Evenfriendsmayhavedifferencesofopinions

Friendsneverarguewitheachother

Itgenerallytakestimeforpeopletobecomeclosefriends.

Someone’shabitsmayannoyhisfriends.

10.Tostrengthenfriendlyrelationship,people 

mustholdfriendshipceremonies

havetoeliminatedifferencesinbackground

shouldmakefriendswiththosewhoareofthesameageandthesamerace

shouldsupportandunderstandeachotherthroughsharedexperiencesandemotions

PassageThree:

Themovementtowardcentralizationofauthorityinstatedepartmentsofeducationhasinsomecasescreatedfrictionwithcommunities,whichregardthismodernpolicyasusurpation（篡夺,夺取）oftheirrights.Constitutionally,therecanbenodoubtthatthestatehasarighttoprescribe（指示）tothelocaldistrictsinanydegreewhichitwill.Legislatures（立法机构）havebeengivenpowerbyStateConstitutionswhichmakethemthemostimportantpolicy-makingagentforeducationinastate.Legislaturesestablishtheframework（机构）foreducation;

theymakedirectappropriationsforeducation;

theycreateeducationalinstitutions;

andtheydeterminewhetherofnotcertaineducationalprogramsaretobeauthorized,expanded,decreased,oreliminated（废除）. 

TheLegislatureusuallyauthorizesaStateeducationdepartmenttoadministeritspolicies.Itmay,however,provideforastateboardofeducationtoadviseitregardingpolicyandtoadministertheeducationalprogram.Thecentralagencymaydefinetheextentofthelocaldistrictandmaydetermineindetailwhatshallbedonewithinthisdistrict.Whilethisistheconstitutionalrightofthestate,thepracticalfactisthatthelocaldistrictconductsitsschoolsinverylargemeasureaccordingtoitsowndesires,andlocalofficersoftentalkuponstatesupervisionasindefensibleinterference

11.Aboutthecentralizationofauthorityinstatedepartmentofeducation,somecommunitiesfeelthat 

theirrightsareimproved

theirrightsareignored

theirrightsareviolated

theirrightsareprotected

12.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingrightsareNOTbelongtothestate?

Therighttoadministerentranceexamination.

Therighttoexpandordecreaseeducationalprograms.

Therighttobudgetschoolprograms

Therighttocreatededucationalinstitutions.

13.WhatdoestheLegislatureusuallydoinadministeringPolicies?

Itadministerspoliciesbyitself.

ItauthorizesaStateeducationdepartmentadministeritspolicies.

ItisauthorizedbyaStateeducationdepartmenttoadministeritspolicies.

Itauthorizesastateboardofeducationtoadministertheeducationalprogram.

14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutactualeducationalsituation?

Thelocaldistricthasalotofcontroloveritsschools

Thecentralagencymayextendtheextentofthelocaldistricts

Statesupervisionisnotalwayswelcometolocaldistricts.

LocalofficersforbidStatesupervisioniftheythinkitisakindofinterference

15.whichofthefollowingtitlescanbestsummarizethearticle?

TheLegislatureAdministersitsPolicies

TheCentralizationofAuthorityinStateDepartmentofEducation

TheRoleoftheStateinEducation

TheRightsoftheLocalDistricts

PassageFour:

Somepeoplebelievedthatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue:

thoseinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments,butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencourageinternationalbrotherhood.Notonlywastherecentincidentoftragedyinvolvingmurderofathletes,buttheGameswereal