汇总阅读材料练手Word格式.docx

汇总阅读材料练手Word格式.docx

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APracticalGuideforPrimaryCarePhysicians,issomewhattechnicalbutcontainsalotofusefulinformation.Youcanordertheguidefor$5bycalling1-321-464-5563.

Mostcasesofdementia,orprolongedmentalconfusionareusuallycausedbyAlzheimer’sdisease.Butyoushouldalsolookformemoryproblemscausedbytakingoneormoremedications.ThecombinationofTagametandValium,forexample,cancauseabuild-upofthetranquilizerinthebody.Sobesuretotellyourdoctoreverymedicationyouoralovedoneistaking,includingover-the-countermedicineanddietarysupplements.

Don’toverlookdepression.Socialisolationorthedeathoffriendsandfamilycanshatteranyone’smentalstatebutitisparticularlydifficulttobearwithadvancingage.Evenpatientswithclear-cutdementiaanddepressionarelessconfusedwhentheirdepressionistreated.

Don’tgiveupevenifyouoralovedoneisdiagnosedwithAlzheimer’sdisease.Althoughthereisnocureyetthereisstillalotyoucandotoensurethebestqualityoflife.Startbyhavingafrankconversationabouttreatmentoptions,andappointsomeoneasahealth-careproxytomakesurethoseplansarecarriedout.MostpatientswithearlyAlzheimer’scanstillmakegooddecisionabouttheirfuturecare.

Thereareseveralclinicaltrialscurrentlystudyingvarioustreatments.AnintriguingonewilldeterminewhethervitaminEoranAlzheimer’sdrugcalledAriceptcanpreventdementiafromdevelopinginpeoplewhoareatgreaterriskofdevelopingAlzheimer’sdiseasebecausetheyhavewhatiscalledmildcognitiveimpairment.Tolearnmoreabouttheseclinicalstudiesvisitwww.alzheimres.org/trials.

Ifyouarecaringforsomeonewithdementia,besureyoualsotakecareofyourself.YoumightwanttocheckoutthewebsiteoftheU.S.Alzheimer’sAssociationformoreinformation.Whetheryousufferdementiaorlovesomeonewhodoes,theconditionisdifficultenoughtocopewithwithouttryingtofaceitalone.

1.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.TodefinewhatAlzheimer’sdiseaseis.

B.TotellpeoplehowaavoidAlzheimer’sdisease.

C.Toprovideinformationrelatedtoabookondementia.

D.Topersuadepeopletobuymedicinefordementia.

2.Thispassagemostlikelyappearsin_________.

A.atextbookondementia

B.atermpaperonAlzheimer’sdisease

C.ascientificresearchpaperondementia

D.anad.Forabookondementiainamagazine.

3.Thepassageimpliesthat____________________.

A.evendoctorscannotdecidewhenandwhereAlzheimer’sdiseaseappear.

B.itisdifficultforsomedoctorstorecognizeAlzheimer’sdiseasesometimes.

C.certainmemoryproblemswillcertainlycauseAlzheimer’sdisease.

D.forgetfulnessandmemoryaresomethingrelevanttoAlzheimer’sdisease.

4.Ifapersonwantstobuytheguidebookheshould____________________.

A.sende-mailtowww.alzheimers.org/trials

B.checkoutthewebsitewww.alz.org

C.phone1-312-464-5563

D.writealettertotheassociation

5.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasoneofthefactorscausingdementia?

A.HavingAlzheimer’sdisease.

B.Takingcertainmedications.

C.Beingupsetorsociallyisolated.

D.TakingtoomuchvitaminE.

Answers:

CDDCD

Passage2

Biotechnologistshavedevelopedgeneticallymodifiedricethatisfortifiedwithbeta-carotenewhichthebodyconvertsintovitaminAandadditionaliron,andtheyareworkingonthreekindsofnutritionallyimprovedcrops.Biotechcanalsoimprovefarmingproductivityinplaceswherefoodshortagesarecausedbycropdamageattributabletopests,drought,poorsoilandcropviruses,bacteriaorfungi.Damagecausedbypestsisincredible.TheEuropeancornborer,forexample,destroys40milliontonsoftheworld'

scorncropsannually,about7%ofthetotal.Incorporatingpest-resistantgenesintoseedscanhelprestorethebalance.Intrialsofpest-resistantcottoninAfricayieldshaveincreasedsignificantly.Sofar,fearsthatgeneticallymodified,pest-resistantcropsmightkillgoodinsectsaswellasbadappearunfounded.Virusesoftencausemassivefailureinstaplecropsindevelopingcountries.TwoyearsagoAfricalostmorethanhalfitscassavacrop-akeysourceofcalories-tothemosaicvirus.Geneticallymodified,virus-resistantcropscanreducethatdamage,ascandrought-tolerantseedsinregionswherewatershortagelimittheamountoflandundercultivation.Biotechcanalsohelpsolvetheproblemofsoilthatcontainsexcessaluminum,whichcandamagerootsandcausemanystaple-cropfailures.Agenethathelpsneutralizealuminumtoxicityinricehasbeenidentified.Manyscientistsbelievebiotechcouldraiseoverallcropproductivityindevelopingcountriesasmuchas25%andhelppreventthelossofthosecropsaftertheyareharvested.

Yetforallthatpromise,biotechisfarfrombeingthewholeanswer.Indevelopingcountries,lostcropsareonlyonecauseofhunger.Povertyplaysthelargestrole.Todaymorethan1billionpeoplearoundtheglobeliveonlessthan$1aday.Makinggeneticallymodifiedcropsavailablewillnotreducehungeriffarmerscannotaffordtogrowthemorifthelocalpopulationcannotaffordtobuythefoodthosefarmersproduce.Norcanbiotechovercomethechallengeofdistributingfoodindevelopingcountries.Takenasawhole,theworldproducesenoughfoodtofeedeveryonebutmuchofitissimplyinthewrongplace.Especiallyincountrieswithundevelopedtransportinfrastructures,geographyrestrictsfoodavailabilityasdramaticallyasgeneticspromisestoimproveit.Biotechhasitsown"

distribution"

problems.Private-sectorbiotechcompaniesintherichcountriescarryoutmuchoftheleading-edgeresearchongeneticallymodifiedcrops.Theirproductsareoftentoocostlyforpoorfarmersinthedevelopingworld,andmanyofthoseproductswon'

tevenreachtheregionswheretheyaremostneeded.Biotechfirmshaveastrongfinancialincentivetotargetrichmarketsfirstinordertohelpthemrapidlyrecoupthehighcostsofproductdevelopment.Butsomeofthesecompaniesarerespondingtotheneedsofpoorcountries.ALondon-basedcompany,forexample,hasannouncedthatitwillsharewithdevelopingcountriestechnologyneededtoproducevitamin-enriched"

goldenrice"

Moreandmorebiotechresearchisbeingcarriedoutindevelopingcountries.Buttoincreasetheimpactofgeneticresearchonthefoodproductionofthosecountries,thereisaneedforbettercollaborationbetweengovernmentagencies-bothlocalandindevelopedcountries-andprivatebiotechfirms.TheISAAAforexample,issuccessfullypartneringwiththeU.S.AgencyforinternationalDevelopment,localresearchersandprivatebiotechcompaniestofindanddeliverbiotechsolutionsforfarmersindevelopingcountries.

Biotechisnotapanacea,butitdoespromisetotransformagricultureinmanydevelopingcountriesifthatpromiseisnotfulfilled.Therealloserswillbetheirpeople,whocouldsufferforyearstocome.

1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whatisnotthefunctionofbiotech?

A.Thegeneticallymodified,pest-resistantcropsmightkillgoodinsectsaswellasbadones.

B.ItcanhelpsolvetheproblemofsoilthatcontainsexcessAluminum.

C.Itcouldraiseoverallcropproductivityindevelopingcountries.

D.Itcanhelppreventthelossofthosecropsaftertheyareharvested.

2.Bysaying"

butmuchofitissimplyinthewrongplace”,theauthormeans

A.thefoodisproducedmainlyindevelopedcountries.

B.thefoodisproducedintheplacewhereitisnotsoneeded.

C.thefoodisproducedintheremoteareathatishardtobetransported.

D.mostofthefoodcan'

treachtheregionswheretheyaremostneeded.

3.Theproblemofbiotechisthat

A.Itcan'

tsolvealltheproblemsexistedindevelopingcountries.

B.Thegeneticallymodifiedcropsintherichcountriesareneverrespondingtotheneedspoorcountries.

C.itbringsdevastatingeffectsalongwithadvantages.

D.itcan'

tovercomethechallengeofdistributingfoodindevelopingcountries.

4.Thesynonymof"

panacea"

inthelastparagraphis

A.solesolution.B.omnipotence.

C.almighty.D.reality.

5.Thetextindicatesthat

A.biotechistheonlysolutionoflackoffood.

B.althoughbiotechisefficientinimprovingfarmingproductivity,itisstillveryhardtobeusedbythepoorfarmersinthedevelopingworld.

C.biotechismorecrucialtowealthycountriesthandevelopingcountries.

D.therisksofbiotechoutweighthebenefits.

1-5ACDBB

Passage3

AstronomershavewitnessedthebiggestbangsincetheBigBang-themomentabout15billionyearsagowhentheuniversewascreatedinamassiveexplosion.Thehugeburstofenergyfromtheedgeoftheuniverseisestimatedtobesecondonlytothemomentofcreationinitsexplosiveforce,releasingmoreenergyintwosecondsthanthesunwillgiveoutinitslifetime.Scientistshopetheexplosion-knownasagamma-rayburstbecauseitemitsenergyintheformofgammaradiation-willshedlightontheearlieststagesintheevolutionofthestarsandgalaxies.Gamma-rayburstscannotbeseenbythehumaneyebutifthey