RINEX格式.docx

RINEX格式.docx

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RINEX格式

RINEX格式

RINEX是TheReceiverIndependentExchangeFormat（与接收机无关的数据交换格式）的缩写，它是GPS测量领域中的一种广为使用的数据格式，绝大部分的数据处理软件均支持这种格式。

下面是一份有关该格式的文挡：

RINEX:

TheReceiverIndependentExchangeFormatVersion2

*********************************************************

（Revision,April1993）

（ClarificationDecember1993）

（DopplerDefinition:

January1994）

（PRClarification:

October1994）

（WlfactClarification:

February1995）

（EventTimeFrameClarification:

May1996）

（MinorerrorsintheexamplesA7/A8:

May1996）

（Namingconventionforcompressedmetfiles;January1997）

（Continuationlineclarifications:

April1997）

（GLONASSExtensions:

April1997）

（Metsensordescriptionandpositionrecords:

April1997）

（Wavelengthfactorclarifications:

April1997）

WernerGurtner

AstronomicalInstitute

UniversityofBerne

0.INTRODUCTION

0.1FirstRevision

ThispaperisarevisedversionoftheonepublishedbyW.GurtnerandG.MaderintheCSTGGPS

BulletinofSeptember/October1990.ThemainreasonforarevisionisthenewtreatmentofantispoofingdatabytheRINEXformat（seechapter7）.Chapter4givesarecommendationfordatacompressionprocedures,especiallyusefulwhenlargeamountsofdataareexchangedthroughcomputernetworks.InTableA3intheoriginalpaperthedefinitonofthe"PGM/RUNBY/DATE"navigationheaderrecordwasmissing,althoughtheexampleshowedit.TheredefinitionofAODE/AODC&IODE/IODCalsoasksforanupdateoftheformatdescription.ForconsistencyreasonswealsodefinedaVersion2formatfortheMeteorologicalDatafiles（inclusionofaENDOFHEADERrecordandanoptionalMARKERNUMBERrecord）.

*Theslightmodification（orratherthedefinitionofabitintheLoss*

*ofLockIndicatorunusedsofar）toflagASdataissosmallachange*

*thatwedecidedtoNOTincreasetheversionnumber!

*

0.2LaterRevisions:

*URAClarification（10-Dec-93）:

TheuserrangeaccuracyintheNavigationMessageFiledidnotcontainadefinitionoftheunits:

Thereexistedtwowaysofinterpretation:

Eitherthe4bitvaluefromtheoriginalmessageortheconvertedvalueinmetersaccording

toGPSICD-200.InordertosimplifytheinterpretationfortheuseroftheRINEXfilesIproposethebitstobeconvertedintometerspriortoRINEXfilecreation.

*GLONASSExtensions:

InMarch1997aproposalforextensionstothecurrentRINEXdefinitionsbasedonexperiencescollectedwithGLONASSonlyandmixedGPS/GLONASSdatafileswascirculatedamongseveralinstrumentmanufacturersandsoftwaredevelopers.

Theresultsofthecallforcommentshavebeenworkedintothisdocument.

Aseparatedocument（glonass.txt）summarizesjustthenecessaryextensions.

*AblanksatelliteidentifierisallowedinpureGPSfilesonly

*Metsensordescriptionandpositionrecordswereaddedtofacilitatethepreciseuseofmetvalues.

*Descriptionandexamplesforwavelengthfactorsandtheirtemporarychanges（bit1ofLLI）clarified.

InordertohavealltheavailableinformationaboutRINEXinoneplacewealsoincludedpartsofearlierpapersandacompletesetofformatdefinitontablesandexamples.

1.THEPHILOSOPHYOFRINEX

Thefirstproposalforthe"ReceiverIndependentExchangeFormat"RINEXhasbeendevelopedbytheAstronomicalInstituteoftheUniversityofBernefortheeasyexchangeoftheGPSdatatobecollectedduringthelargeEuropeanGPScampaignEUREF89,whichinvolvedmorethan60GPSreceiversof4differentmanufacturers.Thegoverningaspectduringthedevelopmentwasthefollowingfact:

MostgeodeticprocessingsoftwareforGPSdatauseawell-definedsetofobservables:

-thecarrier-phasemeasurementatoneorbothcarriers（actuallybeingameasurementonthebeatfrequencybetweenthereceivedcarrierofthesatellitesignalandareceiver-generatedreferencefrequency）.

-thepseudorange（code）measurement,equivalenttothedifferenceofthetimeofreception

（expressedinthetimeframeofthereceiver）andthetimeoftransmission（expressedinthetimeframeofthesatellite）ofadistinctsatellitesignal.

-theobservationtimebeingthereadingofthereceiverclockattheinstantofvalidityofthecarrier-phaseand/orthecodemeasurements.

UsuallythesoftwareassumesthattheobservationtimeisvalidforboththephaseANDthecodemeasurements,ANDforallsatellitesobserved.

Consequentlyalltheseprogramsdonotneedmostoftheinformationthatisusuallystoredbythereceivers:

Theyneedphase,code,andtimeintheabovementioneddefinitions,andsomestation-relatedinformationlikestationname,antennaheight,etc.

2.GENERALFORMATDESCRIPTION

CurrentlytheformatconsistsoffourASCIIfiletypes:

1.ObservationDataFile

2.NavigationMessageFile

3.MeteorologicalDataFile

4.GLONASSNavigationMessageFile

Eachfiletypeconsistsofaheadersectionandadatasection.Theheadersectioncontainsglobalinformatio