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towardcasualdining.Familieseattogether
lessoften,heexplained,andmorepeopleeatalone,eitherbecausetheyaresingleortheyeatin
frontoftelevision.
Evendinnerparties,iftheyhappenatall,havegonecasual.Inatimeoflongworkhoursand
demandingfamilyschedules,busyhostsinsist,rightly,thatit'
sbettertoshareatakeoutpizza
onpaperplatesinthefamilyroomthantowaitfortheperfectmomentora"
real"
dinnerparty.
Toooften,theperfectmomentnevercomes.Ironafine-patternedtablecloth?
Forgetit.Polishthe
silver?
Whohastime?
Yetthelossofformalityhasitsdownside.Thefinepointsofetiquette（礼节）thatchildren
mightoncehavelearnedatthetablebyobservationorinstructionfromparentsandgrandparents
（"
Chewwithyourmouthclosed."
"
Keepyourelbowsoffthetable."
）mustbepickedupelse-
where.Somecompaniesnowofferetiquetteseminarsforemployeeswhomaybeableprofessionally
butinexperiencedsocially.
72.Whydopeopletendtofollowthetrendtocasualdining?
A.Familymembersneedmoretimetorelax.
B.Busyschedulesleavepeoplenotimeforformality.
C.Peopleprefertoliveacomfortablelife.
D.Youngpeoplewon'
tfollowtheetiquetteoftheoldergeneration.
73.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat'
RoyalDoultonis.
A.asellerofstainlesssteeltablewareB.adealerinstoneware
C.apotterychainstoreD.aproduceroffineChina
74.Themaincauseofthelayoffsinthepotteryindustryis.
A.theincreasedvalueofthepoundB.theworseningeconomyinAsia
C.thechangeinpeople'
swayoflifeD.thefiercecompetitionathomeandabroad
75.Formaltablemanners,thoughlesspopularthanbeforeincurrentSociallife,.
A.arestillamustoncertainoccasions
B.arecertaintoreturnsoonerorlater
C.arestillbeingtaughtbyparentsathome
D.canhelpimprovepersonalrelationships
2
WhenJohnnyCashsings,peoplelisten.Hisbig,deepvoicerumblesoutofradiosandjuke-
boxesacrossNorthAmerica.Hisrecordssellbythemillion.Country-musicfanseverywhere,know
hisbighits.Theylovesongslike"
HeyPorter"
"
RingofFire"
and"
FolsomPrisonBlue"
.
JohnnyCashsingsaboutahundredconcertsayear.Peoplelikewhattheyhear--andwhat
theysee,too.Ruggedandbig-shouldered,thesingerstandssix-twowithouthisblackbootson.
He'
satwo-hundred-poundpackageofmuscleandtalent.Andthatscar（疤痕）onhischeek?
It'
s
abullet（子弹）hole,ofcourse!
Inthemindsofmostpeople,JohnnyCashis"
MrTough（violent）Guy"
.He'
sanex-drug
addict（上瘾者）whowasonceputinprison.HisgrandmotherwasanIndian.Tokeepfromstarving
heoncehadtoliveonwildrabbitskilledfromfortyfeetawaywithaknife.Somepeoplesayhe
evenkilledaman.
Infact,mostoftheJohnnyCashstoryisjustthat--astory.True,yearsagohehada"
drug
habit"
forashorttime.He"
popped"
pills.Butheneverusedheroinorother"
hard"
drugs.Some-
timeshe'
dgowildandgetlockedupforafewhours.Butheneverservedaprisonsentence.
There'
snoIndianbloodinhisveins.He'
sbeenakilleronlyinsong.Asforthe"
bullethole"
it'
sanoldscarleftbyadoctorwhoopenedacyst（囊肿）.
PeoplewhoknowJohnnyCashwellsayhe'
sa"
gentleguy"
a"
generousguy'
--anythingbut
a"
toughguy"
.Howdidthestoriesgetstarted?
Someofthem,likethestoryaboutthe"
Indian
grandmother"
hemadeuplongagotoaddexcitementtohiscareer.Others,likethe"
bullet
hole"
simplygotstarted.Nowthere'
slittlethesingercandotochangepeople'
sminds."
They
justwanttobelieveit,"
hesays.
56.JohnnyCashisafavoriteofmany.
A.operaloversB.countrymusicfans
C.hard-rockfansD.jazzmusiclovers
57.Intruth,JohnnyCash.
A.inventedthe"
Indiangrandmother"
B.usedtokillrabbitsforaliving
C.hadabulletholeonhischeek
D.servedalongprisonsentence
58.Inhisprivatelife,JohnnyCashis,.
A.muchwilderthanhelooks
B.muchsmallerthanheisonstage
C.muchtougherthanheisinpublic
D.muchmoregentlethanmostpeoplesuppose
59.Thepassageshowsusthatmanypeoplebelieve.
A.onlywhattheyseeB.whattheyaresureistrue
C.onlywhattheyhearD.whattheyfindinteresting
B
3
Dodogsunderstandus?
Becarefulwhatyousayaroundyourdog.Itmightunderstandmorethanyouthink.
AbordercollienamedRicorecognizesthenamesofabout200objects,sayresearchersinGermany.Thedogalsoappearstobeabletolearnnewwordsaseasilyasa3-year-oldchild.Itsword-learningskillsareasgoodasthoseofaparrotorchimpanzee（黑猩猩）.
Inoneexperiment,theresearcherstookall200itemsthatRicoissupposedtoknowanddividedtheminto20groupsof10objects.Thentheownertoldthedogtogoandfetchoneoftheitemsandbringitback.Infourtests,Ricogot37outof40commandsright.Asthedogcouldn'
tseeanyonetogetclues,thescientistsbelieveRicomustunderstandthemeaningsofcertainwords.
Inanotherexperiment,thescientiststookonetoythatRicohadneverseenbeforeandputitinaroomwithseventoyswhosenamesthedogalreadyknew.TheownerthentoldRicotofetchtheobject,usingawordthedoghadneverheardbefore.
Thecorrectobjectwaschoseninsevenoutofl0tests,suggestingthatthedoghadworked
outtheanswerbyprocessofelimination（排除法）.Amonthlater,Ricorememberedhalfofthenewnames,whichisevenmoreimpressive.
Ricoisthoughttobesmarterthantheaveragedog.Foronething,Ricoisabordercollie,abreed（品种）knownforitsmentalabilities.Inaddition,the9-year-olddoghasbeentrainedtofetchtoysbytheirnamessincetheageofninemonths.
shardtoknowifalldogsunderstandatleastsomeofthewordswesay.Eveniftheydo,theycan'
ttalkback.Still,itwouldn'
thurttosweet-talkyourdogeverynowandthen.Youmightjustgetabig,wetkissinreturn!
60.Fromparagraph2weknowthat__.
A.animalsareascleverashumanbeings
B.dogsaresmarterthanparrotsandchimpanzees
C.chimpanzeeshaveverygoodword-learningskills
D.dogshavesimilar'
learningabilitiesas3-year-oldchildren
61.Bothexperimentsshowthat.
A.Ricoissmartenoughtogetallcommandsright
B.Ricocanrecognizedifferentthingsincludingtoys
C.Ricohasdevelopedtheabilityoflearningmathematics
D.Ricowon'
tforgetthenamesofobjectsoncerecognizingthem
62.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Thepurposeoftheexperimentsistoshowthebordercollie'
smentalabilities.
B.Ricohasabettermemorypartlybecauseofitsproperearlytraining.
C.Thebordercollieisworld-famousforrecognizingobjects.
D.Ricoisborntounderstanditsowner'
scommands.
63.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?
A.Totrainyourdog.B.Totalktoyourdog.
C.Tobefriendlytoyourdog.D.Tobecarefulwithyourdog.
4
PaynesPrairie（used）
HaveyoueverheardofPaynesPrairie?
ItisoneofthemostimportantnaturalandhistoricalareasinFlorida.PaynesPrairieislocatednearGainesville.Itislarge,21000acres.Thisprotectedlandiscalledapreserve.TheFloridaParkServicemanagethepreserve.
ThePaynesPrairiebasinwasformedwhenlimestonedissolvedandthegroundsettled.Itiscoveredbymarsh（沼泽）andwetprairievegetation.Thereareareasofopenwater.Duringbriefperiodsithasfloodedenoughtobeconsideredalake.Exceptforthat,thebasinhaschangedlittlethroughtime.
ManhaslivedonPaynesPrairieaverylongtime.Helivedthereasfarbackas10000B.C.Atonetime,theSeminoleslivedthere.TheprairieisthoughttohavebeennamedafterKingPayne,aSeminolechief.Duringthelate1600s,thelargestcattleranchinFloridawasonPaynesPrairie.Today,PaynesPrairieispreservedland.ItisoccupiedbyvisitorsandFloridaParkServiceemployees.
WillamBartramvisitedPaynesPraire.Bartramwasthefirstpersonwhoportrayed（described）naturethroughpersonalexperienceaswellasscientificobservation.Helived200yearsago.HevisitedPaynesPrairiein1774.Atthattimehedescribedit.HecalledPaynesPrairiethe"
greatAlachuaSavannah."
Mostoftheanimallife,whichBartramdescribed,isstillhere.Alargenumberofsandhillcranes,hawksandwaterfowlarehereinwinter.Theanimaldiversityisincreasedbythepresenceofpineflatwoods,hammock,swampsandponds.
ThePaynesPrairiePreserveStateParkisopenyearround.TheFloridaParkServiceworkshardsothattheparkwillappearasitdidinthepast.Itoffersmanyopportunitiesforrecreation.Attheparkyoucancampandpicnic.You
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