考研英语一二真题Word格式.docx

考研英语一二真题Word格式.docx

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2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语

（一）试题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

　　Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?

Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!

”1helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.

　　Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.

　　“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat’susually14withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty.”

Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.

1．[A]Unlike

[B]Besides

[C]Despite

[D]Throughout

2．[A]connected

[B]restricted

[C]equal

[D]inferior

3．[A]choice

[B]view

[C]lesson

[D]host

4．[A]recall

[B]forget

[C]avoid

[D]keep

5．[A]collecting

[B]involving

[C]guiding

[D]affecting

6．[A]of

[B]in

[C]at

[D]on

7．[A]devoted

[B]exposed

[C]lost

[D]attracted

8．[A]across

[B]along

[C]down

[D]out

9．[A]calculated

[B]denied

[C]doubted

[D]imagined

10．[A]served

[B]required

[C]restored

[D]explained

11．[A]Even

[B]Still

[C]Rather

[D]Thus

12．[A]defeats

[B]symptoms

[C]tests

[D]errors

13．[A]minimized

[B]highlighted

[C]controlled

[D]increased

14．[A]equipped

[B]associated

[C]presented

[D]compared

15．[A]assess

[B]moderate

[C]generate

[D]record

16．[A]inthefaceof

[B]intheformof

[C]inthewayof

[D]inthenameof

17．[A]transfer

[B]commit

[C]attribute

[D]return

18．[A]because

[B]unless

[C]though

[D]until

19．[A]emerges

[B]vanishes

[C]remains

[D]decreases

20．[A]experiences

[B]combines

[C]justifies

[D]influences

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

　　Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

　　Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:

WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

　　Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration（TSA）foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons---bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicago’sO’HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious.

　　Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

　　ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:

EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

　　Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck’sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

　　TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto_____.

[A]explainAmerican’stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks

[B]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide

[C]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airport

[D]emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection

22.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?

　　[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags

　　[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA

　　[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers

[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks

23.Theword″expedited″（Liner4,Para.5）isclosetinmeaningto____.

　　[A]quieter[B]cheaper　[C]wider[D]faster

24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis______.

　　[A]adramaticreductionofitsscale

　　[B]itswrongly-directedimplementation

　　[C]thegovernment’sreluctancetobackit

[D]anunreasonablepriceforenrollment

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebestforthetext?

　　[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

　　[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

　　[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

Text2

　　“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii’slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope（TMT）,agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofthecosmos.

　　AtissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

　　OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

　　Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland’sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;

itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

　　Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

　　TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

26.QueenLiliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph1indicates_____.

　　[A]itsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

　　[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

　　[C]theregrettabledec