英国文学史第一章知识点Word文档格式.docx

英国文学史第一章知识点Word文档格式.docx

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Anglo-Saxonages央格鲁-撒克逊时代给我们留下的古英语文学作品中，最重要的一部是《贝奥武甫》，<

Beowulf>

别认为是英国的民族史诗。

Thegoodspecimens标本ofpagan异教poetry诗歌areBeowulf,thegreatestofGermanicepics日耳曼史诗.讲述主人公贝尔武甫斩妖除魔，与火龙搏斗的故事，具有神话传奇色彩。

nationalepic民族史诗oftheEnglishpeople/oftheAnglo-Saxons;

Denmarkstory;

alliteration头韵体,Alotofmetaphors隐喻andunderstatements保守的陈述areusedinthepoem.

Epic:

longnarrativepoems叙事诗thatrecordtheadventuresorheroicdeedsofaheroenacted制定invastlandscapes风景.Thestyleofepicisgrand宏伟的andelevated严肃的.

e.g.Homer’sIliadandOdyssey

Artisticfeatures:

Theepicpresentsanall-roundpictureofthetribalsociety史诗提出了一种全面的图像部落的社会。

.Wecanseethesocialconditionsandcustomsofthatperiod我们可以看到那个时期的社会条件和习俗。

.So,theepicisalsoapoemofgreatsocialsignificance.所以,史诗也是一个伟大的社会意义的诗。

Definitionofalliteration头韵:

arhetoricaldevice,meaningsomewordsinasentencebeginwiththesameconsonant辅音sound（头韵）

1.Using使用metaphor隐喻andunderstatement保守陈述

Definitionofunderstatement:

expressingsomethinginacontrolled受控制的wayUnderstatementisatypical典型的wayforEnglishmentoexpresstheirideas

FeaturesofBeowulf:

a.Emphaticsstress.

b）Eachlineisdividedintotwoparts,eachhalfhastwostronglyaccentedsyllables音节，atleastoneofthestressedsyllablesinthefirsthalf-linemustalliteratewiththefirstaccentedsyllableinthesecondhalf-line.

c）Alotofmetaphorsandunderstatementsareusedinthepoem.

Anglo-saxonChristianpoetryisproducedbyCaedmonandCynewulf.

Caedmon,thefirstEnglishknownpoet,hasbeencalledthefatheroftheEnglishsongs.

Cynewulflivedintheearly9thcentury.HewasthegreatestAnglo-Saxonpoet,exceptingtheunknowncomposerofBeowulf.TheonlysignedpoemsbyCynewulfareChrist基督,Juliana朱莉安娜，theFatesoftheApostles使徒的命运andElene埃伦娜.

TheNormanconquest诺曼征服：

broughtagreatchangetotheEnglishlanguage;

broughtthegrowthofEnglishvocabulary.FrenchculturedominatedtheEnglishlanguageandliteratureforthreehundredyears.Theknightlycode,theromanticinterestinwomen.

TheRomance传奇文学

Thethreemattersoftheromance:

传奇文学的三个问题thematterofFrance,theMatterofRomeandthematterofBritain.

Themostnotable著名的romanceinthisgioupisSirGawainandtheGreenKnight.Averse诗篇-romanceof2530lines,derivedfrom来源于Celticlegend凯尔特传奇

PoetryinageofChaucer,14thcentury:

GeoffreyChaucerlivedinthe14thcentury.Hiswritingsbroughtabout带来thefirstharvestinEnglishpoetry.So,the14thcenturyhasbeentraditionally习惯上calledAgeofChaucer.

Englishpoetryfloweredinthewritingsofthreegreatpoets:

WilliamLangland,GeoffreyChaucer,andJohnGower.

WilliamLangland’sachievementinPiersPlowman农夫皮尔斯isimportantbothinliteratureandinhistory.

PiersPlowmanhastheformofadreamvision.ItisperhapsoneofthegreatestofEnglishallegories寓言.

GeoffreyChaucer:

IntheperiodofMedievalEnglish,literaturefounditsbestexpressionmainlyinpoetry.ThemostfamousandgreatestpoetofthetimewasGeoffreyChaucer,whoisoftencalledthefatherofEnglishpoetry.HewasborninLondon.Helikedreadingandwritinginhissparetime.Chaucer’sliterarycareercoincided一致，符合withhislifeexperiences.

Chaucer’sCanterburyTales:

totalabout17000lines;

hasitssocialsignificanceinseveralways:

First,

second,

Third,

Fourth,

Fifth,

Lastly

TheFifteenthCemturyPoetry

Chaucerians乔叟式的：

JohnLydgate,JohnSkelton

Butitisaperidinwhichfolkliteratureflourished繁荣,especiallyballads民谣.情歌。

Popularballads:

民谣Balladsbelongtothedomainoffolkliterature.Aballadisastorytoldinsong,usuallyin4-linestanzas,withthesecondandfourthlinesrhymed.

BalladsofRobinHood:

ThemostfamouscycleoftheEnglishballadsdealwiththestoriesofalegendaryoutlawnamedRobinHood.

InEnglishhistory,RobinHoodisapartlylegendaryfigure.

2,thesixteenthcentury:

TheRenaissanceinEngland英国的文艺复兴

●Humanism人文主义becomethekeynoteoftheEnglishRenaissance.TheEnglishscholarsandeducatorscalledthemselvesHumanists.

●TheEnglishRenaissancewentthroughthreeperiods:

TheBeginning,TheFlowering（alsocalledaAgeofElizabeth伊丽莎白）,andTheDecline.

●Elizabethanpoetryisremarkableforitsvariety,itsfreshness,itsyouthfulness,anditsromanticardor.IntheAgeofElzabeth，writingpoetrybecameafashion.Thequeenherselfwasapoet.

●TheSonnet,十四行诗thecommonItalianpoeticform,wasintroducedbyThomasWyatt.HenryHoeard,EarlofSurrey,inventedtheEnglishsonnet,whichwaspracticedbyShakespeareandothersonnetwriters.Healsointroducedblankverse无韵诗intoEnglish。

ThisformservessowellthelargedescriptiveandnarrativerequirementsofTheFaerieQueene仙后.

●SirThomasWyatt,thefirstintroducetheSonnetintoEnglishliterature.HisgreatestcontributiontoEnglishliteratureisthatheintroducedintoEnglandthesonnets,a14-linedpoemwithacomplicatedrhymescheme.ThemostcommonrhymeschemeinWyatt’ssonnetsisabbaabbacddcee.ThesonnetsofShakespeareareEnglish-structure,usuallyrhymingababcdcdefefgg.

●EdmundSpenser,thegreatestpoetoftheEnglishRenaissance,isregardedas“thepoet’spoet”becauseofhisgreatinfluenceonlaterpoets.