普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题全国卷1参考版解析Word格式文档下载.docx
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用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
试题略
解析略
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：
每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?
JaneAddams（1860-1935）
AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity（社区）bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.
RachelCarson（1907-1964）
Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.
SandraDayO’Connor（1930-present）
WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator（参议员）and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.
RosaParks（1913-2005）
OnDecember1.1995,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.
21.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?
A.Hersocialwork.
B.Herteachingskills.
C.Hereffortstowinaprize.
D.Hercommunitybackground.
22.WhatwasthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?
A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.
B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.
C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.
D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.
23.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?
A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.
C.SandraDayO’ConnorD.RosaParks.
24.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?
A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B.Theyaretrulycreative.
C.Theyarepioneers.D.Theyarepeace-lovers.
21.【解析】A
信息概括题。
根据第二段“…asocialworker”可明显得出答案，故A正确。
22.【解析】C
细节题。
根据第四段“Shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.”可知，原因在于对女性的歧视，故C正确。
23.【解析】D
根据第五段“…kickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement”可知，RosaPark推动了民权运动，故D正确。
24.【解析】C
推理判断题。
根据第二段最后一句“AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize”；
第三段第一句“Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentmovementmightnotexisttoday”；
第四段第二句“…thefirstwomantojointheU.SSupremeCourt”；
最后一段第三句“…kickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement”，可知，四位女性都是历史上的先锋，故C正确。
B
GrandparentsAnsweraCall
Asathird-generationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverplannedtomoveaway.EvenwhenherdaughterandhersonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelpwiththeirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.
NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertotheirchildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandmoveintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudy,,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.
“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenough,fastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristianeCrosby,publisherofGrazamagazineforgrandparents.“Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportanttobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’reraisingchildren.”
Movingisnotforeveryone.Althougheverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstrugglingbutgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.
25.WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?
A.Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.
B.Itimprovedherlivingconditions.
C.Itenabledhertomakemorefriends.
D.Ithelpedherknowmoreplaces.
26.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sdecision?
A.17%expressedtheirsupportforit.
B.Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.
C.32%believedithadabadinfluence.
D.Themajoritysuggesteditwasatrend.
27.WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?
A.Theywereunsureofthemselves.
B.Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.
C.Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.
D.Theyhadlittleexperiencesfortheirgrandparents.
28.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?
A.Makethedecisionsinthebestinterestoftheirown.
B.Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem.
C.Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren.
D.Gettoknowthemselvesbetter.
25．【解析】A
定位首段末句由“Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities”可知答案。
26．【解析】D
定位第二段，由“83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.”可知，约83%的人认为Mrs.Robinson的决定会影响美国的很多祖父母，说明不是17%而是83%的人支持，排除A；
B选项文中未提及；
83%的人支持，说明认为有很坏影响的人占的比例不可能超过17%；
D选项符合文意。
27．【解析】C
推断题。
由第三段首句“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenough,fastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown”可推断20世纪60年代的时候，人们想要离开家去证明自己的能力但现实并不允许，心里其实是想离开家的，C选项正确。
28．【解析】A
由最后一段“butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstrugglingbutgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder”可知有时候对祖父母来说，和孩子孙子们住在一起并非就是好的选择，反而不住在一起而是频繁去探访子孙会更好，因为这样就不需要改变祖父母自己熟知的生活方式，由此可推测出作者的建议祖父母是否搬去和子孙一起住最好从祖父母的需求出发，选择A。
C
IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I’vedone89trips–ofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干细胞）inmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor（捐献者）tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:
“well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou-therearenoflightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:
“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient-please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re-routed（改道）methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.
Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethatinthatboxyou’vegotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.
29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph1?
A.providerB.deliveryman
C.collectorD.medicaldoctor
30.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?
A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.
B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.
C.Theoperationneedsthatmuchtime.
D.Theicewon’tlastanylonger.
31.WhichfightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?
A.ToLondon.B.ToNewark.
C.ToProvidence.D.ToWashington.
29．【解析】B
词义猜测题。
根据第一段第二行carrystemcells可知，作者是运送细胞的人，所以选择B选项，deliveryman。
30．【解析】D
从第一段第三行“becauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast.”可以知道选择D选项，“theicewon’tlastanylonger.”
31．【解析】B
由原文第三段倒数第二行“re-routedmethroughNewark”可知，答案选B。
D
Themeaningofsilencecarriesamongculturegroups.Silencemaybethoughtful,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasiness,or,worry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;
thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap（间隙）withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingaperson’sneeds.
ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied（暗示）isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection.
Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Rus
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