普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题全国卷1参考版解析Word格式文档下载.docx

1、用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第I卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）试题略解析略第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYou probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you thi

2、nk was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams （1860-1935）Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community （社区） by creating shelters and promoting education and services fo

3、r people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson （1907-1964）If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful e

4、ffects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor （1930-present）When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator （参议员） and, in 1981

5、, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks （1913-2005）On December 1. 1995, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed

6、Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her teaching skills.C. Her efforts

7、to win a prize.D. Her community background.22. What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23. Who made a great contribution to the ci

8、vil-rights movement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day OConnor D. Rosa Parks.24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. 21.【解析】A信息概括题。根据第二段 “a social worke

9、r” 可明显得出答案，故A正确。22.【解析】C细节题。根据第四段 “She could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.” 可知，原因在于对女性的歧视，故C正确。23.【解析】D根据第五段 “kicked off the civil-rights movement” 可知，Rosa Park推动了民权运动，故D正确。24.【解析】C推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句 “Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize”；第三段第一句 “If

10、 it werent for Rachel Carson, the environment movement might not exist today”；第四段第二句 “ the first woman to join the U.S Supreme Court”；最后一段第三句 “ kicked off the civil-rights movement”，可知，四位女性都是历史上的先锋，故C正确。BGrandparents Answer a CallAs a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza neve

11、r planned to move away. Even when her daughter and her son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move a success, givin

12、g them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to their children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obamas mother-in-law, Marian Robinso

13、n, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study, , 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinsons decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas famil

14、y.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough, fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christiane Crosby, publisher of Graza magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important to be near them, especially when youre

15、 raising children.”Moving is not for everyone. Although every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is

16、struggling but giving up the life you know may be harder.25. Why was Garzas move a success?A. It strengthened her family ties.B. It improved her living conditions.C. It enabled her to make more friends.D. It helped her know more places.26. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinsons decisi

17、on?A. 17% expressed their support for it.B. Few people responded sympathetically.C. 32% believed it had a bad influence.D. The majority suggested it was a trend.27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A. They were unsure of themselves.B. They were eager to raise more children.C. They wante

18、d to live away from their parents.D. They had little experiences for their grandparents.28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph? A. Make the decisions in the best interest of their own.B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them.C. Sacrifice for their struggli

19、ng children.D. Get to know themselves better.25【解析】A定位首段末句由“Today all three generations regard the move a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities”可知答案。26【解析】D定位第二段，由“83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinsons decision will influence grandparents in th

20、e American family. ”可知，约83%的人认为Mrs. Robinson的决定会影响美国的很多祖父母，说明不是17%而是83%的人支持，排除A；B选项文中未提及；83%的人支持，说明认为有很坏影响的人占的比例不可能超过17%；D选项符合文意。27【解析】C推断题。由第三段首句“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough, fast enough to prove we could do it on our own”可推断20世纪60年代的时候，人们想要离开家去证

21、明自己的能力但现实并不允许，心里其实是想离开家的，C选项正确。28【解析】A由最后一段“but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling but giving up the life you know may be harder”可知有时候对祖父母来说，和孩子孙子们住在一起并非就是好的选择，反而不住在一起而是频繁去探访子孙会更好

22、，因为这样就不需要改变祖父母自己熟知的生活方式，由此可推测出作者的建议祖父母是否搬去和子孙一起住最好从祖父母的需求出发，选择A。CI am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips of those, 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞） in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. I

23、n all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor（捐献者） to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Is

24、land, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check - in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you - there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In thi

25、s box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient - please, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed（改道） me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than o

26、riginally scheduled. For this courier job, youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?A. provider B. delivery manC. collector D. medical doctor30. Wh

27、y does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.B. The donor can only wait for that long.C. The operation needs that much time.D. The ice wont last any longer.31. Which fight did the woman put Peter on first?A. To London. B. To Newark.C. To Provide

28、nce. D. To Washington.29【解析】B词义猜测题。根据第一段第二行 carry stem cells 可知，作者是运送细胞的人，所以选择B选项，delivery man。30【解析】D从第一段第三行“because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. ”可以知道选择D选项，“the ice wont last any longer.” 31【解析】B由原文第三段倒数第二行“re-routed me through Newark”可知，答案选B。DThe meaning of silence carries

29、among culture groups. Silence may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or, worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill ever

30、y gap（间隙） with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when

31、a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied（暗示） is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Rus