个人防护用品的选择和使用.docx
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个人防护用品的选择和使用
个人防护用品的选择和使用
前言
**
as
an
employer
has
a
moral
and
legal
requirement
to
ensure
that
suitable
personal
protective
clothing
and
equipment
is
provided,
and
information
and
training
is
provided
to
all
employees
in
regard
to
the
care
and
use
of
such
personal
protective
equipment.
Under
the
same
regulations
employees
have
a
legal
requirement
to
properly
use
all
PPE
that
has
been
supplied
to
them
correctly
and
that
if
any
defects
are
found
with
said
equipment,
it
must
be
brought
to
the
immediate
attention
of
their
Supervisor.
**作为雇佣方有道义和法律上的要求，保证提供合适的个人防护衣物和设备，并向雇员提供信息和培训，关注个人劳动保护用品的使用。
此规定也同样要求雇员正确使用所提供的个人防护用品，并在发现上述设备有缺陷时，立即向其主管报告。
1.
AIM
目的
The
aim
of
this
safe
work
practice
is
to
ensure
a
safe
system
of
work
by
utilizing
the
proper
personal
protective
equipment.
This
practice
is
intended
to
provide
management
with
the
background
information
and
data,
a
selection
and
decision
criteria
and
the
necessary
specifications
to
establish
an
effective
Personal
Protective
Equipment
Program.
此程序旨在提供一个保证使用个人保护设备的安全工作系统，对背景数据、选择、决定标准和规格进行管理，以建立一个所要求的有效的个人保护设备程序。
2.
PROCEDURE
程序
Personal
protective
clothing
and
equipment
are
not
substitutes
for
effective
engineering
controls,
safe
working
conditions
or
sound
work
practices,
but
can
play
an
essential
part
in
the
protection
of
the
worker.
Personal
protective
equipment
does
not
eliminate
the
hazard
but
is
an
aid
in
controlling
individual
exposures
so
far
as
to
prevent
injury
or
adverse
health
effects.
个人防护衣物和设备不是为了替代有效的工程管理、安全工作状况或可靠的工作规定，但它在保护工作人员方面能起到主要的作用。
个人保护用品不能消除危害因素，但是能帮助控制个人对危害环境中的暴露，使其避免受伤或健康受到危害。
Risks
to
health
and
safety
may
occur
whenever
there
is
exposure
to
chemical,
physical
or
biological
hazards.
The
degree
of
risk
depends
on
the
severity
of
the
hazard
and
the
degree
of
exposure.
The
many
and
varied
jobs
that
will
be
undertaken
by
**
employees
and
contractors
presents
a
wide
range
of
potential
risks
to
health
and
safety.
Control
of
risk
exposures
to
an
acceptable
level
depends
on
the
identification
and
evaluation
of
the
hazards
with
reference
to
acceptable
exposure
standards
and
or
specifications.
The
use
of
personal
protective
equipment
is
only
one
of
a
number
of
control
options
that
may
be
available.
暴露于化学、物理或生物危害环境中时，对健康和安全会带来风险。
风险的程度取决于危害的严重性和暴露程度。
**员工和承包商所要承担的许多工作表明在很大范围内对健康和安全有潜在风险。
要将它们控制在一个可接受的水平，就需要根据暴露标准对危害因素进行识别和评估。
使用个人防护用品只是许多可使用的控制方案中的一种。
3.
HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION
危害因素的识别
Identify
the
nature
of
the
hazard,
the
chemical
and/or
physical
agent,
its
characteristics,
potential
routes
of
entry
or
contact
and
the
harmful
effects
of
exposure
to
that
hazard.
识别危害种类以及它们的化学或物理性质、特征、可能的进入或接触途径以及暴露于该危害因素下的有害影响。
4.
RISK
ASSESSMENT
/
JOB
HAZARDS
ASSESSMENT
风险评估/工作危险评估
**
requires
that
risk
be
assessed
on
the
basis
of
the
likelihood
of
exposure
and
the
perceived
outcome
from
the
exposure.
A
thoroughly
conducted
Job
Hazard
Assessment
results
in
the
estimation
of
risks
associated
with
a
task
or
activity
as
well
as
the
identification
of
appropriate
control
measures
such
as
the
type
of
personal
protective
equipment
that
will
be
required.
**要求根据暴露的可能性和对暴露的理解程度来评估风险。
一个完整的工作危险评估指导依赖于任务或行动的危险评价，辨认合适的控制措施，比如根据需要提供个人保护设备的类型。
5.
CHOICE
OF
CONTROL
OPTIONS
控制方案的选择
When
action
is
required
to
reduce
risks
to
health
and
safety,
Management
of
any
employer
is
responsible
for
the
development
and
implementation
of
the
appropriate
controls
based
on
relevant
standards,
guidelines
and/or
legislation
and
safe
working
practices.
当要求采取行动来降低对健康、安全的风险时，组织的任何雇员有责任根据有关的标准、指导方针或法规、安全工作规定等，建立和执行合适的控制措施。
When
it
is
not
feasible
to
control
the
risks
by
the
methods
described,
personal
protective
equipment
（either
on
its
own
or
in
combination
with
other
controls）,
may
be
used
as
a
control
option
to
minimize
personal
exposure,
but
bearing
in
mind
the
following
limitations:
当采用上述方法来进行控制不切合实际时，个人防护用品（个人防护用品本身或与其它控制手段相结合）可以作为一种控制方案，以使个人对危害因素的暴露降到最低，但在思想上要考虑以下限制：
PPE
does
not
reduce
or
eliminate
the
hazard.
个人防护用品不能减少或消除危害因素。
If
the
protective
equipment
is
defective,
or
becomes
ineffective
whilst
being
worn,
the
wearer
may
become
exposed
to
the
hazard
without
necessarily
being
aware
of
it.
如果防护用品有缺陷或已经磨损失效，穿戴者可能没有意识到这些而暴露于危害因素之下。
PPE
provides
protection
for
the
wearer
only,
the
potential
exposure
of
unprotected
people
in
the
area
must
be
considered.
个人防护用品只为穿戴者提供了保护，而在区域内未受到保护人员的潜在暴露必须得到考虑。
The
use
of
PPE
may
introduce
additional
hazards
to
the
wearer.
The
equipment
may
interfere
with
one
or
more
of
the
senses,
e.g.
full-face
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