钻井液英语.docx

钻井液英语.docx

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钻井液英语

第九章钻井液

1.单词准备

mud泥浆

drillingfluid钻井液

cutting岩屑

mudchemical泥浆药品

mudcake泥饼

mudweight（density）泥浆重量（密度）

viscosity粘度

filtrate滤液

waterloss失水

gelinitial初切力

gelstrength静切力

solidcontrolequipment固控设备

shaleshaker振动筛

desander除砂器

desilter除泥器

centrifuge离心机

screencloth筛布

ply层

mesh（筛布）目

PH酸碱值

mudpit泥浆池

MBT=methylenebluetest亚甲基蓝测定法

KCL氯化钾

lime石灰

SAPP=sodiumacidpyrophosphate粒状焦性磷酸钠

NaOH氢氧化钠，烧碱

mudtank泥浆罐

mudgun泥浆枪

triptank（起下钻）泥浆计量罐

activetank上水罐，在用罐

intermediatetank过渡罐

GPM=gallonperminute加仑/分钟

1USgallon美加仑=3.785liters升

1barrel桶=0.159cubicmeters立方米

1SG（比重）X8.33=1ppg磅/加仑

2.阅读练习

1.固控设备评价和建议

PerformanceofSolidRemovalEquipmentInRIG5003&Recommendations

Preparedby

AmmarA.Marouf

DrillingFluidsEngineer

50003队固控设备的性能特点和建议

Introduction

Thetypesandquantitiesofsolidspresentindrillingmudsystemsdeterminethefluiddensity,viscosity,gelstrengths,filtercakequalityandfiltrationcontrol,andotherchemicalandmechanicalproperties>Solidsandtheirsvolumesalsoinfluencemudandwellcosts,includingfactorssuchas,rateofpenetration,hydraulics,dilutionrates,torqueanddrag,surgeandswabpressures,differentialsticking,lostcirculation,holestability,andbitballing,theseinturn,influencetheservicelifeofbits,pumpsandothermechanicalequipment.

Chemicals,claysandweightingmaterialsareaddedtodrillingmudtoachieveviariousdesirableproperties.Drillsolids,consistingofrockandlow–yieldingclays,areincorporatedintothemud.Thesesolidsaffectmanymudpropertiesadversely.Nevertheless,sinceitisnotpossibletoremovealldrillsolidseithermechanicallyorbyothermeans–Theymustbeconsideredacontinualcontaminantofamudsystem.

Solidremovalisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofmudsystemscontrol,sinceithasadirectbearingondrillingefficiency.Moneyspentforsolidscontrolandforsolvingproblemsrelatedtodrillsolidsrepresentsasignificantportionofoveralldrillingcosts.Solidcontrolisaconstantproblemeveryday.oneverywell.

Fundamentals

Drillingmudsolidsmaybeseparatedintotwocategories:

LowGravitySolids（LGS）withSpecificGravityinthe2.3-2.8range,andHighGravitySolids（HGS）withSGof4.2orhigher.WeightingmaterialssuchasBariteorHematitecomprisetheHGScategoryandareusedtoachievedensitiesgreaterthat10PPG.Drillsolids,claysandmostothermudadditivesfallintotheLGScategoryandoftenatetheonlysolidsusedtoobtaindensitiesupto10ppg

Oneoftheprimaryusesfordrillingfluidstocarryunwanteddrilledsolidsfromtheborehole.Thesolidsareessentiallyacontaminantand,ifleftinthemud,itcanleadtonumerousoperationalproblems.Threeoptionstomaintaindrillingfluidproperties

∙Donothingandletthesolidbuildup.Whenthemudnolongermeetsspecification,dumpitandstartwithfreshmud.

∙Dilutethemudandrebuildthesystemtokeepthepropertieswithacceptableranges,whiledumpingexcessmudtothereservepit.

∙Lowerthesolidcontentofthemudthroughsolidsremovalequipmenttominimizetheaddition/dilutionnecessarytomaintainacceptableproperties.

Inrecentyears,increasedpublicawarenessofenvironmentalissueshasprovidedbothregularlyandeconomicincentivestominimizedrillingwaste.Inmanyinstances,thefirsttwochoiceshavebecomeveryexpensiveandunacceptable.Thishasservedtostresstheimportanceofthethirdoption,efficientsolidcontrol.Usingsolidscontrolequipmenttominimizeaddition/dilutionvolumesisnormallymosteffectiveandprovidethefollowingbenefits:

❑LowerwaterrequirementsandLessmixingproblems

❑IncreasedpenetrationratesReducedtorqueanddrag

❑LowerECD&Reducedsystempressurelosses

❑BettercementjobsandReducedformationdamage

❑Lessdifferentialsticking

❑Reducedenvironmentalimpact

Itisapparentfromthislistthattheroleofsolidcontrolisinstrumentalinthemaintenanceofgooddrillingfluid.Althoughthebenefitsfromgoodsolidscontrolarenumerous,thecostsavingsarenotappearinnormaldrillingcostaccounting.

Usuallythedrillingfluidgetsmostofthecredit（orblame）sincemudmaterialconsumptioniseasilytrackedandthemudpropertiesaretheonlydirectindicationofsolidscontrolperformance.Inrealisticsense,themudandthesolidscontrolequipmentareintegralpartofonesystem.Onecannotplanthemudwithoutconsideringthesolidcontrolsystemandviceversa.

Solidcontrolisaccomplishedbyusingoneormoreofthebasicmethodsofsolidseparation:

-

vSettling

vScreening

vHdrocyclones

vRotatingCentrifuges

HydocyclonesandcentrifugeusecentrifugalforcetoobtainhigherratesofSeparation

thancanbeachievedbygravitationalset