山东省临沂市中考英语二轮专题复习材句法专题十六宾语从句.docx
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山东省临沂市中考英语二轮专题复习材句法专题十六宾语从句
中考考点十六:
宾语从句
中考资讯导航:
宾语从句主要考查语序、时态及连接词。
宾语从句的考查
宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1.考查宾语从句的语序:
宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。
即“主语+谓语+……
Doyouknowwhen__________?
A.doesthenexttrainleaveB.thenexttrainleavesC.willthenexttrainleaveD.thenexttrainwillleave
注:
若从句时疑问句,但语序不变的有:
1).who在从句中作主语。
Canyoutellme_________?
(谁将来这儿)
2).what’swrong/thematter?
Heaskedwhatwasthematterwithme.
3).whathappened
Idon’tknowwhathappenedyesterday.
4).whichisthewayto….?
Canyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepark?
2.考查宾语从句的引导词
1).若宾语从句时陈述句时,引导词用that且that可省掉。
Shesaid“I’mgaldtoseeyou”=Shesaid________________galdtoseeme.
2).宾语从句时一般疑问句时,引导词用if或whether.一般情况下if/whether可互换,但后有ornot/or、动词不定式或介词的后面时,只能用whether.
Hesakedme“AreyougoingtoWuhan?
”=Heaskedme________________goingtoWuhan.
I’mthinkingabout______togothere.
A.ifB.whetherC.that
3).宾语从句时特殊疑问句时,引导词用特殊疑问词。
Doyouknow________?
I’mnotsure,Maybeheisabusinessman.
A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo
4).若宾语从句时肯定祈使句时,就改为ask/tellsbtodosth.若为否定祈使句,就改为ask/tellsbnottosth.
“Don’topenthedoor”Theteachersaid.=Theteachertoldme____________thedoor.
3.宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
Canyoutellme_________?
Heisadoctor.
A.whatisheB.whathewasC.whatheisD.whatwashe
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。
Heasked____________.
A.whattimeitisB.whattimeisitC.whattimeitwasD.whattimewasit
Hetoldmethathe______forthesportsmeet.
A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.willprepareD.hasprepared
注:
1)如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。
OurteachersaidthatJanuary_____(be)thefirstmonthoftheyear.
Ourteachersaidthattheearth___(go)aroundthesun.
2).若主句为couldyou…..?
表示请求客气的语气,从句的时态仍然不变。
Couldyoutellme_______?
A.whathewasdoingB.whatwashedoing
C.whatheisdoingD.whatishedoing
4.if/when引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。
从句的时态的确定。
if
Whether
When
条件/时间/让步状语从句
如果、假如
无论
尽管
当…的时候
宾语从句
是否
是否
什么时候
Canyouguessifthey___toplayfootballwithus?
Ithinktheywillcomeifthey____free.
A.come,areB.willcome,willbeC.willcome,areD.come,willbe
Canyoutellmewhenhe____heretomorrow?
Whenhe_____here,pleasecallme.
A.comes,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.comes,willcome
5.宾语从句的简化:
1).宾语从句是陈述句时,且主、从句的主语一致,可简化为“动词+todosth”.
IhopeIcanmeetyouagain.
Ihope__________youagain.
2).宾语从句是疑问句时,且主、从句的主语一致,或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。
可简化为“疑问词+todosth”.
1.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.Idon’tknow_____________next.
2.CouldyoutellmehowIcangetthere?
Couldyoutellme_____________there?
3.Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidn’tdecide___________________.
3).hear/see/find+that+从句,可改为“hear/see/find+sb(要用宾格)+doingsth”.
1.Iheardthattheyweresinginginthenextroom.=Iheard__________inthenextroom.
2.Wefoundthatshewasplayingwiththecatunderthetree.
Wefound__________withthecatunderthetree.
宾语从句用法
【速记口诀】
宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
【妙语诠释】宾语从句应注意三点:
①引导词,陈述句一般由that引导,这时的that可以省略;一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导;而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。
②时态,主句是现在时态,从句可用所需要的任何时态;但如果主句是过去时态,从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。
③语序,宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。
练习与巩固:
熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
()1.---DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup________nextweek?
---NextFriday.Whenit________,Iwillringyou.
A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.willbegin,begins
()2.---Todayortomorrow?
---Whatareyoutalkingabout?
---Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.
A.howB.whereC.whenD.what
()3.Iwonder_________.
A.wheredoesheliveB.whereheliveC.heliveswhereD.wherehelives
()4.---Areyousureyouhaveto?
It'sbeenverylate.
---Idon'tknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.
A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how
()5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme_________?
---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.
A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasborn
C.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn
()6.Thephotographwillshowyou________.
A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike
C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike
()7.---Canyouguessifthey_______toplaybasketballwithus?
---Ithinkthey'llcomeifthey_________free.
A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.come,willbe
()8.---Wheredoeshecomefrom?
---Pardon?
---Iaskedwhere_________.
A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom
()9.Shewondered__________.
A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidforthecomputer
C.howmuchthe