考博英语.docx

考博英语.docx

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考博英语

OverseasstudentsshunUKandUSuniversities

　　ThemarketshareofinternationalstudentsenjoyedbyBritishandUSuniversitieshasdroppedsharplyasAustralia，JapanandNewZealandbecomeincreasinglypopulardestinations，accordingtoaninternationalcomparisonofeducationsystemspublishedyesterday.

　　ThelatesteditionofEducationataGlance，anannualauditpublishedbytheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment，showedthatalthoughforeignstudentscontinuetobeattractedtothetwocountriesbecauseoftheEnglishlanguageteachingandperceivedqualityofeducation，inrelativetermstheirpositionisweakening.

　　TheParis-basedorganisationreportedthatUSmarketsharefell2percentfrom-3，whiletheUKsufferedthefastestdeclineamongOECDmembers，fallingfrom16.2percentin1998to13.5percentin.

　　Themostrecentyearusedbythereportissothepercentagesdidnotincludea21.3percentfallinthenumberofChinesestudentsacceptedforuniversitycoursesinBritainthisyear.BritainisincreasinglyreliantonthehigherfeespaidbystudentsfromoutsidetheEuropeanUniontohelpsustainitsuniversitiesfordomesticstudents.

　　Theoverallnumberofstudentsstudyingoutsidetheirowncountriesstoodat2.1min，an8.3percentannualaverageincreasesince1998.

　　AccordingtothereporttheinternationalcomplexionofUScampuseshaschangedstrikinglysinceSeptember11.Thecountry''suniversitieshaveseendecreasesof10-37percentinstudentsfromtheGulfstates，northernAfricaandsomesouth-eastAsiancountries.

　　Thereportalsoconcludedthatdespitecontinued，ifuneven，growthinthenumberofgraduateschurnedoutbytherichworld''suniversities，themonetaryvalueofadegreeshowednosignofhavingbeentarnished.

　　AndreasSchleicher，headoftheIndicatorsandAnalysisDivisionoftheOECD''sDirectorateofEducation，saidtherewasnoevidenceofinflationofthelabour-marketvalueofqualificationsandthatgraduatescouldexpecttocontinuetoearnconsiderablymorethanthosewithoutadegree.

　　Assessingtheperformanceoftheworld''sschools，MrSchleichersaidAsiawassoaringwhileEuroperemainedlevelandSouthAmericahadslippedintorelativedecline.

　　一、全文翻译

　　英美大学留学生人数骤跌

　　据昨天发布一项国际教诲体系比较研究称，英美大学留学生市场份额急剧下降，而澳大利亚、日本和新西兰日益成为受欢迎留学目地。

　　最新版《各国教诲概观》（EducationatAGlance）显示，尽管由于英美两国以英语教学，且教诲质量明显较高，外国学生继续被这两个国家所吸引，但相对而言，两国地位在下降。

该报告是经合组织（OECD）发布年度教诲审计报告。

　　总部位于巴黎经合组织报告说，美国市场份额至下降了2%，而英国在经合组织成员国中降幅最大，已从1998年16.2%份额降至13.5%.

　　该报告采用数据近来年度是，因而该数据并没有将今年状况涉及在内，今年留学英国中华人民共和国学生人数减少了21.3%.英国正日益依赖欧盟以外学生支付更高学费，使英国大学可以继续招收国内学生。

　　海外留学生总人数为210万，自1998年以来每年平均增长8.3%.

　　依照这篇报告，自9月11日事件以来，美国大学校园里国际学生构成发生了惊人变化。

来自海湾地区各国、北非以及某些东南亚国家学生人数减少了10%至37%.

　　报告还得出结论，尽管富国大学毕业生人数仍在持续（或许不均匀地）增长，学位经济价值丝毫没有贬值迹象。

　　经合组织教诲指标和分析部负责人安德里亚。

施莱歇尔（AndreasSchleicher）说，没有证据显示，学位资格在劳动力市场上价值正发生“膨胀”，毕业生收入可以盼望比那些没有学位人高出许多。

　　在评估全球学校体现时，施莱歇尔先生说，亚洲正在“急剧上升”，欧洲保持原有水准，而南美洲则相对有所滑坡。

　　二、重点词汇

　　destinationn.目地，[计]目文献，目单元格

　　perceivevt.察觉

　　reliantadj.信赖，依托，信赖自己

　　domesticadj.家庭，国内，与人共处，驯服

　　complexionn.面色，肤色，状况，局面

　　despiteprep.不论，尽管，无论

　　tarnishv.失去光泽

　　indicatorn.批示器，[化]批示剂

　　inflationn.胀大，夸张，通货膨胀，（物价）暴涨

　　soaringadj.高飞，飞翔

UNreportwarnspovertygoalslikelytobemissed

　　TheinfantdeathrateforAfricanAmericansinWashingtonDCishigherthanthatinthecitiesoftheIndianstateofKerala，theUnitedNationshaswarnedaspartofadamningreviewofpovertyandinequalityaroundtheworld.

　　Publishedaheadofnextweek''ssummitinNewYorktoreviewprogressinmeetinggoalstohalveextremepovertyby，theUN''shumandevelopmentreportsays：

UShealthindicatorsarefarbelowthosethatmightbeexpectedonthebasisofnationalwealth.

　　Thereport，publishedbytheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme（UNDP），saystheoutcomeisduepartlytopersistentandextremedisparitiesbetweenpeoplefromdifferentsocialandethnicgroups，asshownbyrecentimagesofpoorblackpeoplestrandedinNewOrleansbyHurricaneKatrina.

　　ThefindingsreflectanewfocusbytheUNupondifferenceswithincountriesaswellasbetweencountries，aspolicymakerstrytothinkofnewwaystoachievethemillenniumdevelopmentgoals（MDGs），agreedin.

　　IndiaandChina，whichhavebothenjoyedsustainedeconomicgrowth，faceworryingchallenges.Thereareworryingindicationsthatsocialprogressisstartingtolagbehindeconomicperformance，withtheslowdownintherateofreductioninchilddeathsaspecialconcern.

　　TheUNnotesthatChinaspends5percentofitsGDPonhealth，butpublicspendingnowamountstolessthan2percentofGDP.

　　Theerosionofpublicfunding，itsays，hasresultedinamismatchbetweenneedandprovision，withpercapitaspendinginurbanareas3.5timesthatinruralareas.

　　Between70and80percentoftheruralpopulationhavenohealthinsurance.Childrenlivinginthepoorestpartsofrur