新标准大学英语 视听说教程第一册Listening in听力原文Word格式.docx

新标准大学英语 视听说教程第一册Listening in听力原文Word格式.docx

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ssomelinkwithsports.

ProfessorTherecertainlyis,yes.OriginallytheIvyLeaguereferredtothesportsteamsfromtheuniversitieswhichcompetedagainsteachother,especiallyinfootball,basketballandicehockey.Nowsometimestheseuniversities,institutions,chosetheirstudentsonthebasisoftheirskillsattheseparticularsports.Butinthelast50years,IvyLeagueschoolshaveacceptedawiderrangeofstudentsbecauseitwasn'

tpossibletobebothworld-famousforresearchandalsotopclassinsport.

InterviewerAndwhatabouttheiracademicimportance?

Igatherthey'

reacademicallyvery,veryimportant,they'

reverywell-known.

ProfessorAbsolutelyatthetop.They'

renearoratthetopoftheUSAcollegesanduniversityrankings.Andthey'

realmostalwaysinthetoponepercentoftheworld'

sacademicinstitutionsforfinancialresources.

InterviewerAndwhatdoesitmeansociallytogotoanIvyLeagueuniversity?

ProfessorCertainlyifyou'

vebeentooneoftheseinstitutions,youarepresumedorassumedtobeatthetopendofthescale.TheIvyLeagueinstitutionshaveareputationforsocialelitism,manyofthestudentsarerich,intellectual,whiteAnglo-Saxon,protestants.Notallofthemofcourse,butquitealotofthem.

InterviewerAnddoyouknow...why'

sitcalledtheIvyLeague,what'

stheoriginofthename?

ProfessorThereareanumberofstories,derivations,butpossiblyit'

sbasedonfouruniversities,andIV,thelettersIV,that'

stheRomannumeralforfour.Anothermorelikelystoryisthativyplants,whicharesymbolicoftheageoftheuniversities,youknow,wouldbegrownatthewallsoftheseuniversities,theseinstitutions,theycoverthewallsofthebuildings.Thetermwascreatedbyasportsjournalist,Ithinkinthe1930s.

InterviewerRight,OK.Andwhichistheoldestuniversity?

ProfessorTheoldestgoesbacktothe17thcentury,that'

sHarvardwhichwasfoundedin1636.AndtheyoungestoftheinstitutionsisCornellwhichwasfoundedin1865.

InterviewerAndwhichhasthelargestnumberofundergraduates?

ProfessorCornellhasthelargestnumber,about13,000,13,500undergraduates.TheinstitutionwiththesmallestnumberisDartmouthCollegewithalittleover4,000.

InterviewerAndwhatabouttheacceptancerate?

Isithardtogetinto?

ProfessorThatrangesfromaboutsevenpercentto20percent.

InterviewerAndanyfamousalumni?

Famousoldboys?

ProfessorHundreds!

Hundredsofthem.ButIsupposeworldwide,thetwothatwouldbedefinitelyknownallovertheworldwouldcertainlybeGeorgeBushwhowenttoYale,andJohnFKennedy,PresidentKennedy,whowasatHarvard.

InterviewerThankyou.

Passage2

AndyDidyouseethefilmontelevisionlastnight?

JaneNo,Iwasout.Whatwasit?

AndyABeautifulMind.It'

saboutJohnForbesNash,themathematicianwhowontheNobelPrize.

JaneI'

veheardaboutthatfilm,yes.He'

splayedbyRussellCrowe,isn'

the?

IlikeRussellCrowe,he'

sgreat.

AndyThat'

stheone,yes.

JaneWhat'

sitabout?

AndyWell,thestorybeginsintheearlyyearsofNash'

slifeatPrincetonUniversityasagraduatestudent.

JaneThat'

soneoftheIvyLeagueschools,isn'

tit?

AndyYes,it'

sallsetinNewEngland,lovelyoldbuildings,beautifulautumncolours.It'

slovelytolookat.Anyway,NashmeetshisroommateCharles,aliteraturestudent,whosoonbecomeshisbestfriend.NashadmitstoCharlesthatheisbetterwithnumbersthanpeople,andthemainthinghe'

slookingforisatrulyoriginalideaforhisthesispaper.

JaneSohe'

snotinterestedinhavingfun?

AndyWell,yes,buthe'

snotverygoodwithpeopleorsuccessfulwithwomen,that'

sall.But,youknow,it'

soneofthesebadexperienceswithpeoplewhichultimatelyinspireshisbrilliantworkinmathematics.

JaneNogoodatrelationships,sohebecomesageniusatmaths?

saboutright,yes.SowhenhefinisheshisstudiesatPrinceton,heacceptsajobatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Fiveyearslater,hemeetsAlicia,astudentwhohefallsinlovewithandeventuallymarries.

JaneAh!

Atlast,theloveinterest!

AndyYes,butwaitamoment.Nashbelievesthathe'

sbeenaskedtoworkbyWilliamParcherfortheUSDepartmentofDefenseonbreakingSovietcodes.Atonepointhe'

schasedbytheRussians,andit'

safterthisthathebecomesmentallyill.

JaneIthinkI'

veseenthisinthetrailertothefilm.

AndySowhenhe'

sputinapsychiatrichospital,hethinkstheSovietshavecapturedhim.He'

sgiventhispainfultreatmentwhichaffectshisrelationshipwithhiswife.Andhisintellectualskills.Sohestopstakingthemedicine.

JaneItsoundsquitehardtowatch.

AndyWell,itis,butit'

swellactedanddirected,andso,youknow,there'

sa-bitofdistancebetweentheaudienceandwhat'

shappeningonfilm.

JaneSowhathappensnext?

AndyWell,thenhisillnessreturns,soheandhiswifedecidetotryandlivewithit.Itallgetsabitcomplicated,becausewe'

renolongersureifCharles,youknow,hisoldfriend,orevenParcherwerereal,oriftheywerejustpeoplethatexistedonlyinNash'

smind.

JaneThatsoundsawful.Hemusthavebeensoill,

AndyActually,I'

mkindofgivingawaythetwistinthestory.Anyway,laterinhislife,whilehe'

susingthelibraryatPrincetonagain,heaskshisrivalMartinHansenifhecanstartteachingagain.AndsothestoryendswhenhegoesontowintheNobelPrizeinEconomics.

JaneWell,itsoundslikeagreatfilm.

AndyYes,youshouldseeitsometime.

Unit3Learningtothink

InterviewerWithustodayisMartinDownes,acarpenter,who'

s51.Ayearago,Martinhadastroke.Buthe'

sbeenluckyenoughtomakeafullrecoveryfromit.Canyoutellushowitallbegan,Martin?

MartinI'

mveryhappyto-notthatIremembermuchatall.Iwasatacustomer'

shouse,buildingacupboard,andthenextthingIknew,Iwokeupinhospitalwithpeopleinwhitecoatsbendingoverme.

InterviewerItmusthavebeenveryfrightening.

MartinItwas.ButwhatwasreallyfrighteningwasthatIcouldn'

tspeak.Icouldn'

tsayaword.AndIcouldn'

tunderstandmuchthatpeoplesaidtome.

InterviewerHowawful!

MartinYeah!

Idon'

tknowwhatwouldhavehappenedtomeifIhadn'

thadmyfamily.Buttheywerethereforme,theyreallywere.Ihadsomethingcalledaphasia,wherethepartofyourbraingetsdamagedthataffectsyourspeechandlanguage.Buttheystartedtreatmentfortheconditionalmostimmediately.Thisspeechandlanguagetherapistcametoseemeeverydayfor12weeks.Theymademedoalltheseexercises.

InterviewerWhatkindofexercises?

MartinIhadtomatchwordsandpicturesandsaytheirnames.Yousee,I'

dalsoforgottenthenamesofalotofthings.ShehadthisthingcalledawordboardandIcouldpointtowordsandphrasesonitthatIwantedtosay.Ihadtorepeatwordsupto20times-boy,itwashard,sohard.

InterviewerCouldyousayanythingtobeginwith?

MartinIcouldsaythreewords."

Hi"

"

Yes"

and"

No"

.Thatwasall.AndtherewerealotofwordsIcouldn'

tunderstand-1hadtolearntheirmeaningsalloveragain.

InterviewerItmusthavebeenveryfrustrating.

MartinItwas,butIwasdeterminedtogetbetter.Iwasinhospitalforthreeandahalfmonths.WhenIgothomeIgotaspecialcomputerprogrammethatIworkedwitheveryday.Andslowlymylanguagecamebacktome.Itwasastruggle,abigstruggle.Ihadtolearntoreadandwriteagaintoo.

InterviewerWhydoyouthinkthatyouwereabletorecovercompletely?

It'

snotthatcommon,isit?

MartinIwaslucky.Iwasgiventherightdrugattherighttime.AndIhad12weeksoftherapy,fivedaysaweek.That'

sveryimportant,apparently.

InterviewerAndnowthatyou'

rebetterhowdoyoufeelaboutyourlife?

MartinWhatcanIsay?

I'

mjustgratefultohavemylifeback.

Passage2

InterviewerIn1907anItalianeducatorcalledMariaMontessoriopenedaschoolinRomethattaughtyoungchildrenusingmethodsthatwereverydifferentfromtraditionalteaching.Today,theMontessorimethod,asit'

sknown,isusedinnurseryschoolsincountriessuchasAmerica,Canada,BritainandGermany.RecentresearchshowsthatchildreneducatedataMontessorinurserydobetterlateronatschoolthanotherchildreninallsubjects.WeaskedtwoMontessoriteachers,ClaudiaRosellaandSarahHarrington,toexplainwhatmakestheirnurseryschooldifferent.Sarah...

SarahIthinkthefirstthingtosayisthataMontessoriclassroomisveryquiet,veryclean.Everythingstaysinthesameplace.Sothechildrenarecalmandquietasaresult.

InterviewerSothey'

renotencouragedtobenoisy.

SarahNo,definitelynot...

InterviewerClaudia?

ClaudiaYes,theclassroom'

sveryimportant.Anotherimportantprincipleisthatchildrendirecttheirownlearning.Theychoosewhattheywanttodo.

InterviewerSotheteacherdoesn'

ttellthechildwhattodo?

SarahNotatall.Whileachildisdoinganactivityweobservethem.Thenweworkwiththechildforashorttimeandthenleavethemtoworkontheirown.

InterviewerThatsoundsexcellent.Andwhataboutyourequipment?

softenmadeofwood,isn'

SarahYes,andapieceofequipmentisoftendesignedforoneactivityonly.

ClaudiaRight.It'

ssothatthech