版高中英语二轮专题复习学案专题二 完形填空之议论文Word文档格式.docx

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③此外，也有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，而不表明自己的观点，然后通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。

抓住论点是理解议论文的关键所在。

可以从以下几个角度寻找或概括中心论点：

分析论点所在的位置。

①题目。

有的文章题目本身就是中心论点；

②开头。

有的文章在开头直接提出中心论点，然后逐层论述；

③中间。

有的文章在论述过程中提出中心论点，这种情况较少；

④结尾。

有的文章通过论述，在文章结尾处归纳出全文的中心论点。

论据是论点赖以存在的根据，一般分为事实论据和道理论据。

阅读议论文，要学会分析论点与论据的关系、论据在证明论点时所起的作用。

事实论据，应该分析作者所提供的事实，从事实中发现道理，再验证它与作者的论点的逻辑关系。

道理论据，应该从道理论据出发联系和道理对应的事实，来验证这些道理如何证明论点。

要做好高考完形填空中的议论文，最主要的是要抓住作者议论的中心，也就是要理清文章的论点、论据和论证。

【典例探究】

（2010·

广东卷）

Everycountryhasitsownculture.

Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors,doorsmayhave_21__functionsandpurposeswhichleadto___22__differences.

WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghadtwodifferent__23___andtheyhaddistinctfunctions.Youhavetopushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”to_24____thebuilding.Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethe____25__doorinSouthKorea.ForquiteafewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.

Thewayofusingschoolbusdoorswasalso____26__tome.Iusedtotaketheschoolbustoclasses.Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,___27_whoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton__28_.InSouthKorea,wedonotneedtowaitforpeopletogetoff.Onemorning,Ihurriedtothebus,andwhenthebusdoorsopened,I___29____triedtogetontheschoolbusthroughthefrontdoor.Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,Iwastotally_30__,andmyfacewentred.

21.A.differentB.importantC.practicalD.unusual

22.A.nationalB.embarrassingC.culturalD.amazing

23.A.exitsB.entrancesC.signsD.doors

24.A.enterB.leaveC.openD.close

25.A.mainB.sameC.frontD.back

26.A.annoyingB.hardC.satisfyingD.strange

27.A.parentsB.studentsC.teachersD.drivers

28.A.soonerB.laterC.fasterD.earlier

29.A.politelyB.patientlyC.unconsciouslyD.slowly

30.A.embarrassedB.annoyedC.unsatisfiedD.excited

【答案解析】

21.【解析】选A。

考查形容词。

从下文的distinctfunctions，可知是不同功能，A不同的，B重要的，C实践的，D不寻常的。

22.【解析】选C。

从开头总括句“Everycountryhasitsownculture.”和下文举例两个门功能不同可以看出。

A国家的，B尴尬的，C文化的，D惊奇的。

23.【解析】选C。

考查名词。

从上下文的---theword“PUSH”---theword“PULL”和twodifferent可知选C。

A出口，B入口，C标志，D门。

24.【解析】选A。

考查动词。

从上下文pushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”to_24____thebuilding相对的动作可知此处意为进入。

A进入，B离开，C打开，D关闭。

25.【解析】选B。

考查形容词。

由上文WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticed有两个门,Thiswasnewtome,可暗示出我们在韩国用同一个门，故选B项。

26.【解析】选D。

由上文第三段知：

Thiswasnewtome;

Theway….wasalso____26__tome.可知这种方式也是奇怪的。

A讨厌的，B畏难的，C满意的，D陌生的。

27.【解析】选B考查名词。

由下文的并列句“studentswhoweregettingon….”可知。

A父母，B学生，C老师，D司机。

28.【解析】选B。

考查形容词比较级。

从上文并列句whoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,---whoweregettingonshouldget

on__28_.可知此处与first相对，故选B项。

A很快，B较晚，C更快，D较早。

29.【解析】选C。

考查副词。

从上文InSouthKorea,wedonotneedtowaitforpeopletogetoff.所以作者已经形成了习惯,已经是无意识地做了。

A礼貌地，B耐心地，C无意识地，D慢慢地。

30.【解析】选A。

从上文ForquiteafewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.和Iwastotally_30_,andmyfacewentred.A项，尴尬的；

B项，恼怒的；

C项，不满意的；

D项，兴奋的。

【跟踪演练】

1（2011·

江苏省无锡市高三期中）

Peopledonotanalyzeeveryproblemtheymeet.Sometimestheytrytorememberasolutionfromthelasttimetheyhada36problem.Theyoftenaccepttheopinionsorideasofotherpeople.Othertimestheybegintoactwithout37;

theytrytofindasolutionbytrialanderror.However,whenallofthesemethods38,thepersonwithaproblemhastostartanalyzing.Therearesix39inanalyzingaproblem.

Firstthepersonmustrecognizethatthereisaproblem.Forexample,Sam’sbicycleisbroken,andhecannotrideittoclassasheusuallydoes.Sammust40thatthereisaproblemwithhisbicycle.

Nextthepersonmust41theproblem.BeforeSamcanrepairhisbicycle,hemustknowwhyitdoesnotwork.Forexample,hemust42thepartsthatarewrong.

Nowthepersonmustlookfor43thatwillmaketheproblemclearerandleadto44.solutions.Forexample,supposeSam45thathisbikedoesnotworkbecausethereissomethingwrongwiththebrakes.Atthistime,hecanlookinhisbicyclerepairbookandreadaboutbrakes,talktohisfriendsatthebikeshop,orlookathisbrakescarefully.

After46theproblem,thepersonshouldhave47suggestionsforapossiblesolution.TakeSamasanexample48,hissuggestionsmightbe:

tightenorloosenthebrakes,buynewbrakesandchangetheoldones.

Intheend,one49seemstobethesolution50theproblem.Sometimesthe51ideacomesquite52becausethethinkersuddenlyseessomethingneworseessomethingina53way.Sam,forexample,suddenlyseesthereisapieceofchewinggumstucktoabrake.Heimmediatelyhitsonthesolutiontohisproblem:

hemust54thebrake.

Finallythesolutionis55.Samdoesitandfindshisbicycleworksperfectly.Inshort,hehassolvedtheproblem.

36．A．seriousB．usualC．similarD．common

37．A．practisingB．thinkingC．understandingD．helping

38．A．failB．workC．changeD．develop

39．A．waysB．conditionsC．stagesD．orders

40．A．explainB．proveC．showD．see

41．A．judgeB．findC．describeD．face

42．A．checkB．determineC．correctD．recover

43．A．answersB．skillsC．explanationD．information

44．A．possibleB．exactC．realD．special

45．A．hopesB．arguesC．decidesD．suggests

46．A．discussingB．settlingdownC．comparingwithD．studying

47．A．exactB．enoughC．severalD．countless

48．A．onceB．againC．alsoD．alone

49．A．suggestionB．conclusionC．decisionD．discovery

50．A．withB．intoC．forD．to

51．A．nextB．clearC．finalD．new

52．A．unexpectedlyB．lateC．clearlyD．often

53．A．simpleB．differentC．quickD．sudden

54．A．cleanB．separateC．loosenD．remove

55．A．recordedB．completedC．testedD．accepted

2、（2010·

甘肃省天水一中三模）Ahighschoolhistoryteacheroncetoldus,“Ifyoumakeoneclosefriendinschool,youwillbemostfortunate.A21friendissomeonewhostayswithyouforlife”.22teachesthathewasright.Goodfriendshipisjustnoteasily23.

Itispossiblethatwesimplydonotstayinoneplace24enoughfortruefriendshiptodevelop.However,therecanbe25disagreementontheneedforeachofustothinkcarefullyaboutthekindoffriendshipwewant.

Tomostofus,friendshipsareconsideredveryimportant,26weneedtohaveitclearinourmindsthekindsoffriendshipwewant.Aretheytobecloseor27atarm’slength?

Dowewantto28ourselvesordowewanttowalkonthesurface?

Forsomepeople,manyfriendshipsonthesurfaceare29enough.Andthat’sallright.Butatsome30weneedtomakesurethatourexpectationsarethesameasourfriends’expectations.Thesharingofpersonalexperienceincludingourtearsaswellasourdark31isthesurestwaytodeepenfriendships.Butitmust32slowlyandcarriedononlyifthereare33ofinterestandactioninreturn.

Whataresomeofthe34ofourfriendship?

Thegreatestisto35toomuchtoosoon.Deeprelationships36time.Another“majordifficulty”istheselfishnesstothinkone“possesses”theother,includinghistimeandattention.37,friendshipsrequireactionsinreturn.Inotherwords,youmust38asmuchasyoutake.Finallythereisaquestionoftakingcareof.Unlessyouspend39timetogether,talkingonthephone,writingletters,doingthingstogether,friendshipswilldie40.

21.A.trueB.fair-weatherC.schoolD.useful

22.A.KnowledgeB.ExperienceC.HardshipD.Schooling

23.A.understoodB.formedC.realizedD.produced

24.A.certainB.patientlyC.longD.fortunately

25.A.someB.anyC.greatD.no

26.A.butB.andC.orD.while

27.A.remainedB.leftC.keptD.stayed

28.A.hideB.deepenC.strengthenD.share

29.A.quiteB.notC.lessD.very

30.A.degreeB.pointC.placesD.length

31.A.clothesB.cloudsC.dreamsD.letters

32.A.beundertakingB.havebeenundertaking

C.havebeenundertakenD.beundertaken

33.A.marksB.signsC.sciencesD.sights

34.A.disadvantagesB.differencesC.difficultiesD.requirements

35.A.expectB.pulloutＣ.commandD.develop

36.A.wasteB.spendC.killD.take

37.A.SimilarlyB.DifferentlyC.StrangelyD.Surprisingly

38.A.giveB.possessC.actD.walk

39.A.considerateB.wonderfulC.reasonableD.comfortable

40.A.downB.awayC.outD.off

3、Happinessiswhateveryonelooksfor.1someonesaysthatheishappy.However,2

makeshimhappymaynotworkforothers.Andeven3,someonemayspendallhislifelookingforhappiness,butinvain.

Inthepast,Itriedmybesttomakemyselfhappy.IthoughtifIcould4getanddowhatIwantedto,Iwouldbehappy.Certainly,itwas5,butIwasdisappointed.ThoughIcouldbehappyat6,Icouldn’tkeepmyhappinessforalongtime.Why?

Oneday,whenItoldafriendofminewhatI7abouthappiness,hesmiledandsaidonlyafewwords,“Happinessisnota8thingbutaby-product（副产品）.”

Iwassurprised,buthewasreally9.

Someonethinksmoneycan10everything,butwhenhebecomesamillionaireafterhishardwork,perhapshewillfindthathehasnew11.Andhehastogotochurchfor12.Sometimeslovecanbringhappiness,butatothertimesit13misunderstanding,tiredness,ande