中国人民大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题文档格式.docx

中国人民大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题文档格式.docx

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onlythelasttwodayswereslightly______byweather.

A.damagedB.enhancedC.spoiledD.diminished

3.NASAiscastingawidernetinthespaceshuttleinvestigationastowhatcausedthespacecrafttoswingoutofcontroland______momentsbeforeitwastoland.

A.disassembleB.disembarkC.disintegrateD.disinherit

4.Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat______wehadtostopforrefreshments.

A.atlargeB.ateaseC.atrandomD.atintervals

5.AluxuryexpresstrainjumpedthetracksonabridgeineasternIndia,killingatleast50onthespot.AccordingtotheNorthernRailwayspokesman,thedeath______isexpectedtorise.

A.figureB.tollC.spanD.yield

6.ParticipantsintheShanghaiCo-operationForum______regionalteamworktopromoteinvestmentandeconomicdevelopment.

A.cursedB.echoedC.bouncedD.hailed

7.Turningcultivatedlandbackintoforestsorpastureisafundamentalwaytostemsoil______anddesertificationinthelongrun.

A.erosionB.depletionC.violationD.delusion

8.Thediscrepancyinthecompanyaccountsisso______thatnoauditorcouldhavefailedtonoticeit.

A.spontaneousB.conspicuousC.notoriousD.superfluous

9.RussianwomenhadtowearprotectivemasksastheywalkedinMoscow,whichwas______byaheavysmogyesterday.

A.shroudedB.unveiledC.decayedD.deprived

10.Inthatcountry,apersonwhomarriesbeforelegalagemusthaveaparent'

s______toobtainalicense.

A.sanctionB.warrantC.malignanceD.affirmation

PartB（5points）

Ineachofthefollowingsentencesthereisonewordorphraseunderlined.BelowthesentencearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpart.MarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketonANSWERSHEET.

11.Withtearsinhereyes,thechampionwasoblivioustothecheeringinthestands.

A.gratefultoB.unawareofC.consciousofD.pleasedwith

12.Ican'

tunderstandhowhecanfeelthathiscolleaguesarealwaysreadytodenouncehim.

A.complimentB.criticizeC.flatterD.challenge

13.OnthisbarrenplaceonAikhanomHill,overlookingfieldspepperedwithlandmines,soldierscometolayastoneorsayaprayerforfriendslostinyearsofwar.

A.infertileB.disastrousC.plausibleD.impeccable

14.Thecoalitionpartieshaveaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderusingmore.fundstohelpsupporttheailingmarket.

A.rapidlyexpandingB.steadilyimproving

C.makingchangesD.havingdifficulties

15.Loomingoverthedebateabouthumaninterferenceintheworld'

sborealforestsisanasyetunanswerablequestion.Willtheeffectsofglobalwarmingeventuallydwarfman'

simpact?

A.raisetogreaterimportanceB.makemoredifficulttomeasure

C.causetoappearsmallD.bringtoanabruptend

16.Hiswifesaysthathewasmorefrugalinhisyouththanlateryears.

A.listlessB.robustC.thriftyD.gullible

17.WehavedoneallwecouldandnowourcherishedprojectisatthemercyofournewCEO.

A.undertheguidanceofB.inthepowerof

C.withtheassistanceofD.ontheagendaof

18.HeseemedinsuchaninconsolablestatethatIdidn'

tknowwhethertoleaveorstay.

A.distractedB.enragedC.overjoyedD.brokenhearted

19.Shewasdeliriouslastnight,butsheseemsquitelucidthismorning.

A.rationalB.peacefulC.patientD.insane

20.Thehumanitarianclaimsthatheveneratesallmen,regardlessoftheirpositioninlife.

A.lovesB.distrustsC.servesD.respects

Ⅱ.Cloze（10points）

Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberedblankandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketonANSWERSHEET.

ManypeopleinvestinthestockmarkethopingtofindthenextMicrosoftandDell.However,Iknow21personalexperiencehowdifficultthisreallyis.Formorethanayear,Iwas22hundredsandsometimesthousandsofdollarsadayinvestinginthemarket.Itseemedsoeasy.Idreamedof23myjobattheendoftheyear,ofbuyingasmallapartmentinParis,oftravelingaroundtheworld.Butthesedreams24toasuddenanddramaticendwhenastockI25,Texascellularphonewholesaler,fellbymorethan75percent26aoneyearperiod.Onthe27day,itplungedbymorethan$15ashare.Therewasarumorthecompanywas28salesfigures.ThatwaswhenIlearnedhowquicklyWallStreet29companiesthatmisrepresentthe30.

Ina31,Isoldallmystockinthecompany,paying32margindebtwithcashadvancesfrommy33card.BecauseIownedsomanyshares,I34asmallfortune,halfofitfrommoneyIborrowedfromthebrokeragecompany.Onemonth,Iama35,thenext,aloser.Thisonebiglosswasmyfirstlessoninthemarket.

Myfatherwasastockbroker,aswasmygrandfather36him.（Infact,hefoundedoneofChicago'

searliestbrokeragefirms.）Butlikesomanythinginlife,wedon'

tlearnanythinguntilwe37itforourselves.Theonlywaytoreallyunderstandtheinner38ofthestockmarketistoinvestyourownhard-earnedmoney.Whenallyourstocksaredoing39andyoufeellikeawinner,youlearnverylittle.It'

swhenallyourstocksarelosingandeveryoneisquestioningyourstock-picking40thatyoufindoutifyouhavewhatittakestoinvestinthemarket.

21.A.atB.inC.fromD.by

22.A.makingB.spendingC.sellingD.buying

23.A.losingB.retiringC.gettingD.quitting

24.A.turnedB.cameC.wentD.seemed

25.A.ownedB.owedC.rentedD.sold

26.A.overB.byC.fromD.with

27.A.busyB.slowC.worstD.fast

28.A.cheatingB.exaggeratingC.announcingD.beating

29.A.punishesB.defeatsC.tellsD.shows

30.A.tradeB.truthC.lieD.lies

31.A.despairB.worryC.panicD.moment

32.A.allB.offC.overD.up

33.A.creditB.identityC.identificationD.loan

34.A.wonB.lostC.gainedD.found

35.A.winnerB.champagneC.geniusD.mentor

36.A.afterB.beforeC.forD.and

37.A.rememberB.liveC.imagineD.experience

38.A.workingsB.inningsC.priceD.shares

39.A.moreB.greatC.muchD.up

40.A.facilityB.facultyC.abilityD.power

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension（20points）

Readthefollowingpassage,decideonthebestoneofthechoicesmarkedA,B,C,andDforeachquestionorunfinishedstatementandthenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketonANSWERSHEET.

PassageOne

TheCommercialRevolutionwasnotconfined,ofcourse,tothegrowthoftradeandbanking.Includedinitalsowerefundamentalchangesinmethodsofproduction.ThesystemofmanufacturedevelopedbythecraftguildsinthelaterMiddleAgeswasrapidlybecomingdefunct.Theguildsthemselves,dominatedbythemastercraftsmen,hadgrownselfishandexclusive.Membershipinthemwascommonlyrestrictedtoafewprivilegedfamilies.Besides,theyweresocompletelychokedbytraditionthattheywereunabletomakeadjustmentstochangingconditions.Moreover,newindustrieshadsprungupentirelyoutsidetheguildsystem.Characteristicexampleswereminingandsmeltingandthewoolenindustry.Therapiddevelopmentoftheseenterpriseswasstimulatedbytechnicaladvances,suchastheinventionofthespinningwheelandthediscoveryofanewmethodofmakingbrass,whichsavedabouthalfofthefuelpreviouslyused.Intheminingandsmeltingindustriesaformoforganizationwasadoptedsimilartothatwhichhasprevailedeversince.

ButthemosttypicalformofindustrialproductionintheCommercialRevolutionwasthedomesticsystem,developedfirstofallinthewoolenindustry.Thedomesticsystemderivesitsnamefromthefactthattheworkwasdoneinthehomesofindustrialartisansinsteadofintheshopofamastercraftsman.Sincethevariousjobsinthemanufactureofaproductweregivenoutoncontract,thesystemisalsoknownastheputtingoutsystem.Notwithstandingthepettyscaleofproduction,theorganizationwasbasicallycapitalistic.Therawmaterialwaspurchasedbyanentrepreneurandassignedtoindividualworker,eachofwhomwouldcompletehisallottedtaskforastipulatedpayment.Inthecaseofthewoolenindustrytheyamwouldbegivenoutfirstofalltothespinners,thentotheweavers,fullers,anddyerinsuccession.Whentheclothwasfinallyfinished,itwouldbetakenbytheclothierandsoldintheopenmarketforthehighestpriceitwouldbring.

41.Accordingtothearticle,whatchangesdidtheCommercialRevolutionbringabout?

A.Methodsofproduction

B.Appearanceofcraftguilds

C.Increasedtradevolume

D.Growthoftrade,bankingandmethodsofproduction

42.Theword"

defunct"

inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans______.

A.popularB.obsoleteC.potentialD.extensive

43.Accordingtothearticle,inwhichareawasitmoreenergy-efficient?

A.SmeltingindustryB.Miningindustry

C.BankingD.Weaving

44.Theauthorimpliesthat______.

A.Theguildsystemwasmoreefficient.

B.Thedomesticsystemwascapitalistic.

C.Thetechnicaladvancesstimulatedtheguildsystem.

D.Thedomesticsystemwasnotasefficientastheguildsystem.

45.Accordingtothearticle,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue