外研版英语必修三课文原文.doc

外研版英语必修三课文原文.doc

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GreatEuropeanCities

PARIS

ParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situatedonRiverSeine.Itisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworldandisvisitedbymorethaneightmilliontouristseveryyear.ThemostpopularplacefortouristsistheEiffelTower,thefamoussymbolofParis.Oneoftheworld’slargestartgalleries,theLouvre,isalsolocatedinParis.ThecityisalsolocatedinParis.Thecityisalsofamousforitsrestaurants,cafesandtheatres.Abouttwo-thirdsofFrance’sartistsandwritersliveinParis.

BARCELONA

BarcelonaisthesecondlargestcityofSpainandissituatedonthenortheastcoast,aboutfivehundredkilometreseastoftheSpanishcapital,Madrid.OneofBarcelona’smostfamouslandmarksistheChurchofSagradaFamilia,whichwasdesignedbyanarchitectcalledAntonioGaudi.Gaudiworkedontheprojectfrom1882untilhisdeathin1926.Thechurchhasn’tbeenfinishedyet!

FLORENCE

FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance,agreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredears.DuringtheRenaissance,someofthegreatestpaintersofalltimelivedandworkedinFlorence.ManyofFlorence’smostbeautifulpaintingsandsculptureswereproducedbygreatartistssuchasLeonardodaVinciandMichelangelo.Florenceisvisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontouristswhocometoseetheartgalleries,churchesandmuseums.TheUffiziPalaceisthemostfamousartgallery

inthecity.

ATHENS

Athens,thecapitalofGreece,isknownasthebirthplaceofwesterncivilization.Twothousandfourhundredyearsago,itwastheworld’smostpowerfulcity.BuildingssuchastheParthenonontheAcropolisHillwerebuiltduringthisperiod.Greece’sbestwriterslivedinancientAthens.Theirworkhasinfluencedotherwriterseversince.

TheHumanDevelopmentReport

Intheyear2000,147worldleadersagreedtoworktogethertoreducepovertyby2015orearlier.FromthisagreementcametheHumanDevelopmentReport.

OneofthemostimportantsectionsofthisreportistheHumanDevelopmentIndex.Thisexaminestheachievementsof175countries.TheIndexmeasuresacountry’sachievementsinthreeways:

lifeexpectancy（howlongpeopleusuallylive）,educationandincome.Theindexhassomesurprises.Norwayisatthetopofthelist,whiletheUSisatnumber7.Theothertopfivecountriesare:

Iceland

（2）,Sweden（3）,Australia（4）,theNetherlands（5）.TheUKisinthethirteenthposition,whileChinaisinthemiddleofthelist.ThebottomtencountriesareallAfricancountries,withSierraLeone（inWestAfrica）atthebottomofthelist.

ThereportdescribeseightDevelopmentGoals.Themostimportantgoalsareto:

Reducepovertyandhunger;

Makesurethatallchildrenhaveeducationuptotheageof11;

FightAIDSandotherdiseases;

Improvetheenvironmentofpoorpeople,e.g.makesuretheyhavesafedrinkingwater;

Encouragedevelopedcountriestogivemorehelptoothercountries.

The2003HumanDevelopmentReportgivesexamplesofsuccessfuldevelopment.Forexample,innineyears,Chinaincreasedlifeexpectancyby13years.InthelasttenyearsinChina,150millionpeoplemovedoutofpoverty.However,thechallengesarestillgreat.Everyday799millionpeopleindevelopingcountriesarehungry.OverhalfoftheseareinSouthAsiaorAfrica.Althoughmorethan80%ofchildrenindevelopingcountriesgotoprimaryschool,about115millionchildrenarenotbeingeducated.Morethan1billionpeopleindevelopingcountriesdonotdrinksafewater.However,inotherregionsoftheworld,e.g.EasternEurope,waterisnowmostlysafetodrink.

Thereportshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbutthatweneedtomakegreaterefforts.Althoughdevelopedcountriesgivesomefinancialhelp,theyneedtogivemuchmore.Interestingly,thecountriesthatgivethemostmoneyaretheNetherlands,NorwayandSweden.Theseareamongthefiverichestcountriesintheworld,soitisrightthattheyshoulddoso.

TheViolenceofNature

WhatisaTornado?

Atornadoisarotatingcolumnofairfromathunderstormtotheground.Themostviolenthavewindsofmorethan400kilometresperhour.AlmostallofthemoccurintheUS,intheareafromTexasinthesoutheasttoSouthDakotainthenorth.

Tornadoescanpickupcars,trainsandevenhousesandputthemdowninthenextstreet—oreveninthenexttown.Theycantalethefuroffthebackofacatandthefeathersoffachicken.Theycandestroyhouses,butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.

Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheuseachyear,causingabout80deathsand1500injuries.Theworsttornadoofalltimeoccurredin1925,affectingthreeUSstates:

Missouri,IllinoisandIndiana.Bythetimeitended,morethan700peoplehadbeenkilledand2700hadbeeninjured.

WhatIsaHurricane?

Hurricane