届中考英语二轮复习《第3讲非谓语动词主谓一致》讲义Word文档格式.docx
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__________语
TheteacheraskedustohandinhomeworkbyFriday.__________语
Mymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.__________语
Haveyougotanythingtosay?
__________语
I’msorrytohearthat.__________语
Iwenttothelibrary____________________(学英语).__________语
Icouldn’tdecidewhichbagtobuyyesterday.__________语
Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettoschool?
__________语
初中常接动词不定式作宾语的动词:
___________________________________________
初中常接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词:
____________________________________
初中常接省to不定式作宾语补足语的动词:
(五)分词(现在分词:
v-ing过去分词:
v-ed)
Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?
Doyouknowtheboy________________(叫John)inyourclass?
__________语
Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.__________语
Givenanotherchance,Iwilldoitbetter.__________语
Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.__________语
Themoviewassoexciting.__________语
Don’tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.__________语
Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.__________语
He’llhavehishaircutafterschool.__________语
初中常接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词:
_______________________________________
初中常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词:
(六)既可以接不定式,又可以接动名词作宾语的动词
差异比较大:
stoptodostopdoing
goontodogoondoing
forgettodoforgetdoing
remembertodorememberdoing
trytodotrydoing
regrettodoregretdoing
meantodomeandoing
(七)动名词(v-ing)作定语VS现在分词(v-ing)作定语
动名词作定语表示所修饰词的用途、所属关系等。
现在分词作定语,其逻辑主语为其所修饰的词。
areadingroomtwowalkingsticks
asleepingbagapassingball(=aballwhichispassing)
acryingboy(=aboywhoiscrying)asleepingboy(=________________________)
(八)现在分词VS过去分词(了解)
1.在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义;
过去分词表示被动意义
thesurprisingnewsasurprisedman
amovingfilmthemovedpeople
2.在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作;
过去分词表示已经完成的动作
thedevelopingcountrythedevelopedcountry
therisingsuntherisensun
二、主谓一致(详细内容请参考附录2)
三、倒装句
初中常见的倒装句型:
(一)therebe句型
Thereisaconcerttonight.
(二)there,here,now,then等副词放句首的句子
Therecometherestoftheparty.剩下的人都来了。
Thereisthebell.铃响了。
Herecomesabus.来了一辆公交车。
Nowcomeshisturn.现在轮到他了。
Thencamethedayofherexamination.这时她考试的日子到了。
(三)由so,neither,nor引导的句子
“so/nor/neither+情/助/系+主语”意为:
“某人也(不)是(如此)”
—Tomworkshard.
—SodoesLily.(莉莉也是。
)
—Tomdoesn’tworkhard.
—NeitherdoesLily/NordoesLily/(Lilyneither).(莉莉也不。
—Idon’tknow.
—NeitherdoI/NordoI/(Meneither).(我也不知道。
)
对比:
“so+主语+情/助/系”意为:
“是的,的确是这样”
—Tomworkshard.
—Sohedoes.(的确如此。
【精讲精练】
一、找出下列句子中的动词,并指出其在句子中的成分
Teachingthemsmallactsofkindness,suchaslettingsomeoneelsegothroughadoor
firstastheyholditopen,mayseemunimportant,butitcangoalongwaytowardhelping
studentsrealizehowtobepoliteandthankothers.
二、单项选择
()1.Don’tthrowawaythewastepaper.Itneeds______sothatitcanbereused.
A.todestroyB.destroyingC.tocollectD.collecting
()2.Thelittleboypretended_______whenhismothercamein.
A.sleepingB.asleepC.toasleepD.tobeasleep
()3.—Whichdressdoyoulikebest,Madam?
—Sorry,Ican’tdecide_______now.
A.tobuywhichoneB.buywhichone
C.whichonetobuyD.whichIshouldbuyit
()4.—Drivingless,walkingmoreisgoodforourhealth.
—SoI’drather_______anhour’swalktoworkthanconsider______acar.
A.take;
driveB.take;
todriveC.take;
drivingD.taking;
driving
()5.Everyonemayfeeltime_______veryquicklywhentheydosomethinginteresting.
A.gobyB.togobyC.wentbyD.goesby
()6.—Where’syourbrothernow,Bob?
—Isawhim______inthestreetamomentagoandItoldhim_______.
A.playing;
don’tdosoB.playing;
nottodoso
C.play;
todosoD.play;
nottodoso
()7.Theboyisoftenheard______inthemusicroom.Hesingsverywell.
A.practicesingingB.topracticesinging
C.practicedsingingD.topracticingsinging
()8.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself______.
A.heardB.hearingC.hearedD.tohear
()9.—Whydon’tyougoouttoplay,Rose?
—I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihavemuchhomework______.
A.doB.doesC.doingD.todo
()10.Atleast300millionpeopleareusingQQ______byMaHuatengtochatonline.
A.createB.createsC.creatingD.created
()11.Heoftendrinkstwocupsof______waterwhenhecomesback.
A.boilingB.boilC.boiledD.boils
()12.______thehouseonfire,hedialed119.
A.ToseeB.SeeingC.SeeD.Saw
()13.—Doyouclimbmountainseveryday?
—Yes,______alittleexercise.I’msooutofshape.
A.gettingB.getC.gotD.toget
()14.Vocabularyisimportanttolanguagelearning.Therefore,you’dbettertrydifferentwaysyoucanthinkof______wordsandexpressions.
A.rememberB.torememberC.rememberingD.toremembering
()15.Doyouwanttobehealthy?
_______.Smilingcanhelpyoustayhealthy.
A.SmileB.SmilingC.TosmileD.Smiled
()16.Whenthestudentswereplayinggamesontheplayground,Jimsuddenlystopped_______andbegantocry,sotheystopped_______whatwaswrongwithhim.
A.toplay;
seeingB.playing;
tosee
C.playing;
seeingD.toplay;
tosee
()17.—Howmuch______thepairofshoes?
—Twentydollars______enough.
A.is;
isB.is;
areC.are;
isD.are;
are
()18.Idon’tthinkthepoor______poor.
A.arealwaysB.isalwaysC.alwaysbeD.willare
()19.Sixtypercentofthework_______beendone.
A.haveB.isC.hasD.are
()20.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,_______tohelpinthiswork.
A.sendB.weresentC.aresendingD.wassent
()21.Whattheyneed_______morepeople.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
()22.Neithertheheadmasternortheteachers_______takeavacationnextweek.
A.weregoingtoB.isgoingto
C.wasgoingtoD.aregoingto
()23.—Myroomgetsverycoldatnight.
—_______.
A.SoismineB.SomineisC.SodoesmineD.Sominedoes
()24.—I’mnotgoingswimmingtomorrowafternoon.
—_______.Ihavetocleanupmybedroom.
A.SoamIB.NeitheramIC.NeitherIamD.SoIam
()25.—Youforgotyourpursewhenyouwentout.
—Goodheavens,_______.
A.sodidIB.soIdidC.IdidsoD.Isodid
三、填空题
1.Hepromised______________(see)hisoldfriendduringhisstayinTianjin.
2.Helosthiskey.Itmadehim___________(stay)inthecoldtowaitforhiswife’sreturn.
3.She’snotstrongenough_____________(go)walkingupmountains.
4.Theresultofthetestwasrather________________(disappoint).
5.Theworkerandwriter___________(be)fromBeijing.
【参考答案】
(二)分类
动名词构成:
v-ing作用:
作主语、宾语、表语、定语
动词不定式构成:
(to)do作用:
作除谓语外的任何成分
分词:
现在分词;
过去分词
构成:
v-ing;
v-ed作用:
作表语、补语、定语、状语
Smoking;
主语;
宾语;
表语;
定语;
定语
初中常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语:
finish,enjoy,mind,miss,beworth,bebusy,practice,spend…(in),
havefun/trouble/problems(in),feellike,be/getusedto(习惯于),consider…
(四)动词不定式(todo)
TospeakEnglish;
宾语补足语;
后置定语;
(原因)状语;
tolearnEnglish;
(目的)状语;
宾语补足语
初中常接动词不定式作宾语的动词:
wouldlike,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect,pretend…
初中常接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词:
(help),tell,ask,want,allow,get,wouldlike,encourage,invite,wish,expect…
初中常接省to不定式作宾语补足语的动词:
(help),let,make,have,feel,hear,listento,observe,see,watch,notice,lookat…
(五)分词(现在分词:
后置定语;
called/namedJohn;
状语;
宾语补足语;
初中常接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词:
keep,hear,listento,lookat,see,watch,notice,feel,find,observe,prevent…
初中常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词:
get,have,make,keep,leave,want,need,see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,think…
(七)动名词(v-ing)作定语VS现在分词(v-ing)作定语
aboywhoissleeping
语法一致;
意义一致;
就近原则
一、本句是一个并列句