现在完成时讲解及练习题含答案.docx
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现在完成时讲解及练习题含答案
时态讲解：
现在完成时
（1）构成：
现在完成时由助动词have+过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has，其余用have.
现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以
study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：
否定式
疑问式
Ihavenot（haven'studied…
HaveIstudied…?
Youhavenot（haven'studied…
Haveyoustudied…?
Hehasnot（hasn'studied…
Hashestudied…?
否定疑问式
简单回答（肯定/否定）
HaveInot（Haven'I）studied…?
Yes,youhave.No,youhaven'
Haveyounot（Haven'tyou）studied…?
Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven'
Hashenot（Hasn'the）studied…?
Yes,hehas.No,hehasn'
（2）用法：
1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。
I'msurewe'vemetbefore.我肯定我们以前见过面。
Shehasarrived.她到了。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,
女口recently,already,just,lately,for…,since…,yet等。
如:
seenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你。
withussinceMonday.
A、/1•、、＞:
★注意:
1）since和for的区别
since后接时间点，如1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgotthere。
for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。
Exercise:
用since和for填空
1.JimhasbeeninIrelandMonday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland
threedays.
3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.4.Maryisinheroffice.She
hasbeenthere7o'clock.
6.Thebusislate.
5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.
They'vebeenwaiting20minutes.
7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.8.
Mikehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.
2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在完成时当中不
能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
因此，不能说:
Hehascomeherefor2weeks.
xTheoldmanhasdiedfor4months.
Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.x
以上三句话可以改为:
Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theoldmanhasfor4
months.Theyhaveonlyfor5minutes.
3）have（has）been和have（has）gone的区别：
表示曾到过某地"要用have（has）been”
表示已经去某地"要用have（has）gone"。
试比较：
Wherehashebeen?
他刚才到哪里去了？
（已经回来了）Wherehashe
gone?
他上哪儿去了？
（人不在）
TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。
（现在已经不在加拿大）
TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。
（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）
4）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodays
ago,justnow,whenIcamein，但可以禾口already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,
lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。
例如：
Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。
Ihaven'readityet.我还没读过
这个。
Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。
MaHonghas
alwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红一直是个好学生。
Ihaveoften
seenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。
TheyhaveneverbeentoYan'an.他们
从未去过延安。
Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。
IrregularVerbs
BaseForm
PastForm
PastParticiple
bear
bore
born
beat
beat
beaten
become
became
become
blow
blew
blown
bring
brought
brought
build
built
built
buy
bought
bought
catch
caught
caught
choose
chose
chosen
come
came
come
do
did
done
drink
drank
drunk
drive
drove
driven
eat
ate
eaten
fall
fell
fallen
find
found
found
fly
flew
flown
get
got
got
give
gave
given
go
went
gone
grow
grew
grown
have
had
had
hear
heard
heard
keep
kept
kept
leave
left
left
lose
lost
lost
make
made
made
put
put
put
read
read
read
run
ran
run
say
said
said
see
saw
seen
sell
sold
sold
send
sent
sent
sing
sang
sung
sink
sank/sunk
sunk
take
took
taken
teach
taught
taught
write
wrote
wrote
am,is
was
been
are
were
been
Exercise:
I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.
1.1already（see）thefilm.I（see）itlastweek.2.
he（finish）hisworktoday?
Notyet.
3.Myfatherjust（come）backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.
Where'LiMing?
He（go）totheteacher'office.
5.I（work）heresinceI（move）herein1999.6.SofarI
（make）quiteafewfriendshere.
7.
8.
10.
12.The
14.
HowlongtheWangs（stay）here?
Fortwoweeks.
Ijust（finish）myhomework.
9.He（go）toschoolonfooteveryday.
you（find）yourscieneebookyet?
11.Ifit（be）finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.
students（read）Englishwhentheteachercamein.
13.Look!
Themonkey（climb）thetree.
Mymother（come）toseemenextSunday.
15.I'velostmypen.you（see）itanywhere?
II.Choosethebestanswer.
1.Howlonghaveyouhere?
A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been
2.Mygrandpadied.
A.attheageofmy2B.for2years
C.whenIwas2.D.myagewas6.
3.JanehastoBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.
A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen
4.ItistenyearsIlastsawher.
A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that
5.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?
--Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.
A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet
6.--Whatanicedress!
Howlongyouit?
--Just2weeks.
A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had
7.--DoyouknowLydiaverywell?
--Yes,SheandIfriendssineewewereveryyoung.
A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned
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