高中英语必修五unit1课件Word格式文档下载.docx
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油漆匠*putforward提出
scientificadj.科学的*concludev.结束conclusionn.结论*drawaconclusion得出结论analysev.分析&
infectv.传染&
infectionsv.传染的&
choleraadj.霍乱
*defeatv.打败expertadj.熟练的*attendv.照顾physiciann.医生
*expose.暴露*expose...to使显露deadlyadj.致命的*curen.治愈
outbreakn.爆发*challagen.挑战victimn.受害者absorbv.吸收
*suspectv.怀疑enquiryn.询问neighborhoodn.附近severeadj.严重的
&
cluen.线索pumpn.泵&
CambridgeStreet剑桥大街foreseev.预见&
investigatev.调查&
investigationn.调查*blamev.责备pollutev.污染
*handlen.柄&
germn.微生物*link.连接*announcen.宣布*link...to...将…和…联系或连接起来&
certaintyn.确信instructv.命令&
responsibleadj.有责任的constructv.建设constructionn.建设*contributev.捐献
*apartfrom除……之外fireworkn.烟火chartn.图表&
creativeadj.有创造力的&
co-operativeadj.合作的positiveadj.积极的*（be）strictwith...对……严格的
revolutionaryadj.革命的movementn.移动*makesense讲得通
backwardadj.向后的&
loopn.圈&
privatelyadv.私下的
*spinv.（使）旋转&
brightnessn.明亮enthusiasticadj.热情的
cautiousadj.小心的*rejectv.拒绝universen.宇宙
〖重要语法〗
第一讲、过去分词做定语和表语
1.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.
2.Hethrewawaythebrokencup.
3.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.
4.Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.
单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;
过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。
spokenEnglish
=Englishwhichisspoken
terrifiedpeople
=thepeoplewhoareterrified
anorganizedway
=awaythatisorganized
affectedarea灾区
=theareawhichisaffected
stolenculturerelics
=culturerelicsthathadbeenstolen
thebookrecommendedbytheteacher
=thebookwhichwasrecommendedbytheteacher
printedarticles
=articlesthatareprinted
1）DoctorJohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.定语
2）JohnSnowtoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreet.定语
3）Hegotinterestedinthetwotheories.表语
4）Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood表语
PastParticipleastheAttribute定语PastParticipleasthePredicative表语
1.terrifiedpeople1.peoplewhoareterrified
2.reservedseats2.seatsthatarereserved
3.pollutedwater3.waterthatispolluted
4.acrowdedroom4.aroomthatiscrowded
5.apleasedwinner5.awinnerthatispleased
6.Astonishedchildren6.childrenwholookastonished
7.abrokenvase7.avasethatisbroken
8.acloseddoor8.adoorthatisclosed
9.thetiredaudience9.theaudiencewhofeeltired
10.atrappedanimal10.ananimalthatistrapped
Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.
=Therearemanyleaveswhichhadfallenontheground.（地上有许多落叶）
Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.
=Someofthem,whohadbeenbornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.
（他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没去过北京）
及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。
pollutedwater
=waterwhichispolluted
reservedseats
=theseatswhichwerereserved
trappedanimal
=theanimalwhichwastrapped
不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，含有动作完成，动作结束之含义。
boiledwater
=waterwhichhasboiled
fallenleaves
=theleaveswhichhavefallen
risensun
=thesunwhichhasrisen
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。
Thebooks,writtenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers.这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。
Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京.
Thebook,writtenbythefarmer（一本农民写的书）isverypopular.
Thebuildingbuiltlastyear（去年建的楼房）nowcollapsedintheWenchuanearthquake.
Theproblemdiscussedatthemeetingyesterday（在昨天会议上讨论的）wasverydifficulttosolve.
Thewindowbrokenbythatnaughtyboy被那个顽皮男孩打破的）isbeingrepaired.
Thechildrenexaminedinthehospitalyesterday昨天在医院检查的）wereseriouslyill.
Thepeopleexposedtothesun（暴露在阳光下的）gotsunburnt.
Theboypunishedseverelybytheteacher（受到老师严厉惩罚的）isnowacollegestudent.
Thewaterdeliveredtohishome（送到他家的水）carrieddisease.
TheEnglishtodayisquitedifferentfromtheEnglishspokeninthepast300years（300年前所说的）.
Mostoftheartistsinvitedtotheparty（被邀请去参加聚会的）werefromSouthAfrica.
Thestudentsinspiredbytheteacher（受到老师鼓舞的）workedharderthaneverbefore.
TheOlympicGames,__A_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.
A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayed
C.firstplayingD.tobefirstplaying
①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。
②现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。
③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。
Firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.
Consolidation巩固
1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.
A.areboughtB.bought
C.beenboughtD.buying
2.Withalotofdifferentproblems____,
thenewly-electedpresidentishaving
ahardtime.
A.settledB.settling
C.tosettleD.beingsettled
3.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.
A.beingknownB.havingbeenknown
C.tobeknownD.known
4.WhenIgotback,Isawamessage____tothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;
willcalllater.”
A.pin,readB.pinning,reading
C.pinned,readingD.pinned,read
2）作表语表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。
如：
disappointed,excited,moved,puzzled,pleased,surprised,lost等。
Thewindowisbroken.窗户碎了。
Don’tgetsoexcited.别这么激动。
1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。
2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。
①Theglassisbroken.
TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.
②Thewindowsareclosed.
ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.
3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词（如:
interested,
surprised,excited,frightened,shocked）和一些过去分词（如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known）常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。
①Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?
Theygotveryexcited.
②HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?
Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults.
③Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.
④He’squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.
作表语练习：
Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.
A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay
该题考查分词作表语的用法。
“topaysb.bythehour”计时给某人报酬。
此题被动结构作表语。
类似的有：
getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.
1.Theroomsare____,soyoucan’tmovein.
A.paintedB.painting
C.beingpaintedD.tobepainted
2.Assoonasheenteredthecity,he____.
A.waslosingB.gotlosing
C.grewlostD.gotlost
3.Whathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparents
are_____him.
A.disappointing;
disappointedat
B.disappointing;
disappointedabout
C.disappointing;
disappointedwith
D.disappointed;
disappointingby
现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别
现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义．
现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或完成．
amovingmovie 感人的电影
amovedaudience 被感动的观众
boilingwater 正在烧（煮沸）的水
boiledwater 已煮沸的水
developingcountries反展中国家
developedcountries发达国家
fallingleaves落叶（正在进行）
fallenleaves落叶（已经完成）
Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.
Theroomfacingsouthisourclassroom.
ThebookwrittenbyLuXunisverygood.
TheroadcompletedyesterdayisleadingtoTibet.
重难词语解析
1.characteristic
①n.aqualityorfeatureofsth.orsomeonethatistypicalofthemandeasytorecongnize.特征；
特性
WhatcharacteristicsdistinguishtheAmericansfromtheCanadians.
②a.verytypicalofaparticularthingorofsomeone’scharacer典型性的，
Suchbluntnessischaracteristicofhim.
WindydaysarecharacteristicofMarch.
[辨析]characteristic与character
characteristic是可数名词，意为“与众不同的特征“
character表示（个人、集体、民族特有的）“性格、品质”，还意为“人物；
文字”
Whatyouknowabouthimisn’thisrealcharacter.
2.putforward:
tostateanideaoropinion,ortosuggestaplanorperson,forotherpeopleto
consider提出
Heputforwardanewtheory.
Theforeignershaveputforwardaproposalforajointventure.
AninterestingsuggestionformeasuringtheatmospherearoundMarshasbeenputforward.
☆puton穿上;
戴上;
增加putout熄灭（灯）;
扑灭（火）putupwith…忍受putdown写下来;
放下；
putoff耽误;
延期putup建立;
建造,putup举起，搭建，粘贴
3.analyze:
toexamineorthinkaboutsomethingcarefullyinordertounderstanditvt.分析结果、检讨、细察
Acomputeranalysesthephotographssentbythesatellite.
TheearthquakeexperttriedtoanalyzethecauseoftheearthquakeoccurredonMay12,2008.
Let’sanalyzetheproblemandseewhatwentwrong.
Heanalyzedthefoodandfoundthatitcontainedpoison.
Wemusttrytoanalyzethecausesofthestrike.
☆analysisn.分析，解析，分解
4.Conclude:
decidethatsth.istrueafterconsideringaltheinformationyouhave得出结论；
推论出toendsth.suchasameetingorspeechbydoingorsayingonefinalthingvt.&
vi结束，终止；
Weconcludedthemeetingat8o’clockwithaprayer.
Fromhisappearancewemaysafelyconcludethatheisaheavysmoker.
Whatdoyouconcludefromthesefacts?
Weconcludetogoout/thatwewouldgoout.
Conclusionn.结论
arriveataconclusion;
cometoaconclusion;
drawaconclusion;
reachaconclusion
Whatconclusiondidyoucometo/reach/draw/arriveat?
Fromthesefactswecandrawsomeconclusionsabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.
Step2Reading
1.defeat
①vt.towinavictoryoversomeoneinawar,competition,gameetc.打败，战胜，使受挫
I’vetriedtosolvetheproblem,butitdefeatsme!
Ourteamdefeatedtheirsinthegame.
②n.失败，输failuretowinorsucceed
Thismeansadmittingdefeat.
Theyhavegotsixvictoriesandtwodefeats.
[辨析]win,beat与defeat
①win“赢得”赛事、战事、某物；
后接人时，意为“争取赢得…的好感或支持；
说服”
②beat“战胜”“击败”比赛中的对手，可与defeat互换
升级会员 