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Unit3BerthingandUnberthingOperation

Lesson2CommunicationBetweenBridgeandForwardandAftStation

1.Describethemeasurestobetakentoensuresafetyoftheshipwhileatanchororberth.

Onanyshipatanchororberth,themastermustarrangeforanappropriateandeffectivewatchtobecontinuouslymaintainedforthepurposeofsafety.Themastermustdecidethecompositionanddurationofthedeckwatchdependingontheconditionsofanchoring,typeoftheshipandcharacterofduties.Ifthemasterconsidersitnecessary,aqualifiedofficermustbeinchargeofthedeckwatch.Thenecessaryequipmentshallbesoarrangedastoprovideforefficientwatchkeeping.

2.Describetheresponsibilitiesasawatchofficerwhiletheshipisatanchor.

Themastershallinstructthedutyofficertokeepanchorwatch,andthedutyofficershoulddetermineandplottheship’spositiononthechartassoonaspracticable.Whencircumstancespermit,checkwhethertheshipisremainingsecurelyatanchorbytakingbearingsoffixednavigationmarks.Besides,itisimportanttopostproperlook-out.

Thedutyofficershallnotifymasterassoonaspossibleincaseofdragging.Itisessentialtotakeallpossiblemeasurestostopthedragging.Atlast,theaccidentshallbekeptinthelogbook.

Lesson3CommunicationBetweenBridgeandTug

1.Describetheproceduresbeforeaship’sarrivalataport.

Beforearrivingataport,thebridgehastocommunicatewiththeportandpilotstationbyVHF,informsherETAandgetthenecessaryinformationaboutdraftrestrictions,fairwayspeed,pilotage,weatherreport,depthsofwater,tides,etc.Callmasterontothebridgetogiveinstructionsandmonitortheoperationoftheship.Theengineroompreparestochangeoilandsupplypower.Thedeckcrewmembersareattheirdifferentstations,testingthemooringmachinery,mooringlinesandcheckingthepressureonfiremains.Geteverythingreadyforanchoringandmooring.

Lesson5CommunicationBetweenBridgeandPort/Dock

1.Describetheproceduresbeforeleavingaport.

Beforeleavingaport,firstdecidewhethertheshipneedstugassistanceandmakenecessaryarrangement.Getinformationontheweather,tidesandthemovementsofthenearbyvessels.Testbridgeinstrumentstoensurethattheyareingoodworkingorders.Synchronizeship’sclockandmakearrangementsforpilot’sembarkationordisembarkation,ensurechartsandnavigationalpublicationscorrectedup-to-date.Theengineroompreparestochangeoilandsupplypower.Thedeckcrewmembersareattheirdifferentstationspreparingforleavingaport.Theyshallgeteverythingreadyforlettinggoalllinesandheavingawayanchor.

Questionsandanswers

1.Canyoulistatleastthreemooringlines?

Yes,Theyareheadline,breastline,springline,andsternline.

2.Whatshouldbepreparedbeforethepilotcomesonboard?

Thepilotladder,aheavingline,lightsandalifebuoy.

3.Whatisthemaximumspeedthroughthewaterthatyourshipcananchorwithoutriskingbreakingthecable?

Themaximumspeedcanbecalculatedaccordingtotheformula:

ship’sspeedminuswaterspeed.

4.Whatflagshouldbehoistedwhenavesselrequiresapilot?

FlagG.

5.Howcanashipgetintouchwithaportbeforeherarrival?

TheshipcangetintouchwithaportthroughVHF.

6.Whatship’sparticularswillpilotstationusuallyaskfor?

Pilotstationusuallyasksforship’sname,length,breadth,draftsforeandaft,airdraft,GT/NT.andsoon.

7.Whatshouldbereportedtothepilotstation?

Ship’sname,callsign,nationality,ship’stype,numberofpersonsonboard,presentpositionandETAatpilotstation.

8.Whatshouldbeconfirmedfromthepilotstation?

Pilot’sboardingtimeandboardingpoint,theship’ssideonwhichpilotladderwillbeput.

9.WhenthevesselenterstheVTSarea,whatisrequestedtoreport?

Ship’snameandcallsigh,presentcourseandspeed,destination,lastportofcall.ETAatthepilotstation,thereportingpointandsoon.

10.Whatdoes‘foulanchor’mean?

Itmeansthattheanchorhasitsowncabletwistedaroundit.

11.Ifyouareordered:

’Standbybothengines!

’howshouldyoureplyandreport?

Ishallrepeat‘Standbybothengines’,andthenreport‘Bothenginesstandby.’

12.Canyoulistthreefamouscanalsintheworld?

TheyareSuezCanal,PanamaCanalandKielCanal.

13.Whenyourequestthereceivertoremainonchannel16inVHFCommunication,whatdoyousay?

Iwillsay‘StandbyonVHFchannel16’.

14.HowdoyourectifythemistakeinmarineVHFcommunication?

Ishouldfirstsay‘mistake’,thenfollowedby‘correction’andthecorrectmessage.

15.HowdoyouemphasizetheimportantpartofamessageinmaritimeVHFcommunication?

Wecansay‘repeat’followedbytheimportantpartofthemessage.

16.Whatdoes‘abandonvessel’mean?

Itmeanstoevacuatecrewandpassengersfromadistressedvessel.

17.WhatdoestheabbreviationETDstandfor?

ItmeanstheEstimatedTimeofDeparture.

18.Whatdoes‘dredgingofananchor’mean?

Itmeansmovingananchoralongtheseabottomtocontrolthemovementofthevessel.

19.Whatdoes‘underway’mean?

Itmeansavesselisnotatanchor,ormadefasttotheshore,oraground.

20.Whatdoes‘draggingofananchor’?

Itmeansmovingofananchorovertheseabottominvoluntarilybecauseitisnolongerpreventingthemovementofthevessel.

21.whatisthedifferencebetweena“radarbeacon”anda“radarreflector”?

Aradarbeaconisaradartransponderemittingacharacteristicsignal;

andaradarreflectorisusedtoobtainstrongerechoesfromradartargets.

22.Howmanyobjectsdoyouneedtogetapositionusing“horizontalsextantangles”?

Atleasttwoobjects.

23.Whyisamagneticcompasskeptonboardwhenagyrocompassismoreaccurate?

Becauseamagneticcompassismorereliable.Itischeap,andrequiresnoelectricpower.

24.Whatdoyoureportwhentheanchorhasbeenheavedoutofthegroundandisclearofit?

Iwillreport:

“Anchorisaweigh.”

25.Whenpreparingforanchoringwhatmustyoudobeforereleasingthebowstoppers?

Wemustmakesurethatthewindlassisoutofgearandthebrakesareon.

26.Wouldyouletgoananchorfromhawsepipeifthedepthwas75meters?

No,wewouldnot.

27.Whymustyouconsidership’sspeedandseadepthwhenyoureleasethebowstoppers?

Iftheship’sspeedistoofast,theanchorchainiseasytobreak,iftooslowlytheanchorcan’tgrabtheground.Iftheseadepthistooshallow,it’seasytoground,iftoodeeptheanchorcan’treachtheground.

28.Whatmustalwaysbebroughtandplacedclosetothepilotladderwellbeforethepilot’sembarkation?

Aheavinglineandalifebuoy.

29.Whyisitdangeroustoanchorinice?

Becauseicecancausecrashtothehullandbottom.

30.Whatflagishoistedwhenthepilothasarrivedonboard?

Flag“H”.

Unit4Navigation

Lesson1CommunicationforPreventingCollision

1.PleasedescribetheCaptain’sdutiesforpreventingcollision.

AllmastersmustbeawareoftheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea.Allvesselsmusttravelatasafespeedatalltimes.Asafespeedisoneatwhichthevesselcanbestoppedintimetoavoidanydangerwhicharisessuddenly.Injudgingasafespeedthemastermustconsideranumberofissuesincluding:

Driveslowlyinrestrictedvisibilityandatnight.Slowdownonbusywaterways.Slowdowninshallowareasorinunfamiliarwaterways.Takefullintoaccountofwind,wavesandcurrentswhichmayaffectmaneuverabilityofthevessel.

Themasterisresponsibleatalltimesforkeepingalookoutfordangers.Themastermustbefullyawareofthevesselenvironment,especiallyinbadweather,restrictedvisibilityordarkness.

Lastyear,abulkcarrierofmycompanystruckafishingvesselof8metersofftheNorthEastcoastofAustralia.Itoccurredbecauseoflackofproperlookoutonbothvessels.Fishingvesselmaypresentapoorradartarget,besidesthereflectionofmoonlightfromthewaterpreventedthefishingvesselhullbeingseen.Sothemastershouldensurethatthewatchofficermaintainproperlookoutallthetime,especiallyinrestrictedvisibilityandatnight.

Lesson2NavigatinginHeavyWeather

1.Describetheactionstobetakenbythecaptainwhilenavigatinginheavyweather.

Duringnavigationinheavyweather,TheMastershallobtainforecastforthearea.Passageplanshallbecheckedforestimatedtimeofpassingsucharea.Ifnotonweatherroutingadvicealready,incaseofseverestorm,hemayaskforsuch