职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题Word格式文档下载.docx

职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题Word格式文档下载.docx

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Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

AheavyBstrongCkindDwild

3. 

Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

AmakingBtakingCdiscussingDexpecting

4. 

Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.

AwasteBbuyCuseDsell

5. 

Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

AfunctionBabilityCpowerDvolume

6. 

Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

AtenselyBnearlyCcarefullyDclosely

7. 

Herfaithupheldherintimesofsadness.

AsupportedBexcitedCinspiredDdirected

8. 

Thebookprovidesaconciseanalysisofthecountry’shistory.

AcleanBperfectCrealDbrief

9. 

Itislaiddownintheregulationsthatallmembersmustcarrytheirmembershipcardsatalltimes.

AsuggestedBwarnedCstatedDconfirmed

10. 

Thecouncilmeetingterminatedat2o’clock.

AbeganBcontinuedCendedDresumed

11.Redflagwasplacedthereasatokenofdanger.

AsignBsubstituteCproofDtarget

12. 

Howeverbadthesituationis,themajorityisunwillingtoriskchange.

AreluctantBeagerCpleasedDangry

13.IthasbeensaidthattheActsprovidedanewcourseofactionanddidnotmerelyregulateorenlargeanoldone.

AlimitBcontrolCreplaceDoffset

14.Thesecretaryisexpectedtoexploreideasforpost-warreconstructionofthearea.

AdenyBinvestigateCstressDcreate

15.Thesteadilyrisingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatlyincreasedthecostofshippingcargobywater.

AgraduallyBsuddenlyCexcessivelyDexceptionally

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；

如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；

如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

ADolphinandanAstronomer

Onedayin1963,adolphinnamedElvarandafamousastronomer,CarlSagan,wereplayingalittlegame.Theastronomerwasvisitinganinstitutewhichwaslookingintothewaydolphinscommunicatewitheachother.Saganwasstandingontheedgeofoneofthetankswhereseveralofthesefriendly,highlyintelligentcreatureswerekept.Elvarhadjustswumupalongsidehimandhadturnedonhisback.

ThedolphinwantedSagantoscratchhisstomachagain,astheastronomerhaddonetwicebefore.ElvarlookedupatSagan,waiting.Then,afteraminuteorso,thedolphinleaptupthroughthewaterandmadeasoundjustliketheword“more”.Theastonishedastronomerwenttothedirectoroftheinstituteandtoldhimabouttheincident.‘Oh,yes.That’soneofthewordsheknows,’thedirectorsaid,showingnosurpriseatall.

Dolphinshavebiggerbraininproportiontotheirbodysizethanhumanshave,andithasbeenknownforalongtimethattheycanmakeanumberofsounds.Whatismore,thesesoundsseemtohavedifferentfunctions,suchaswarningeachotherofdanger.Soundtravelsmuchfasterandmuchfurtherinwaterthanitdoesinair.Thatiswhythepartsofthebrainthatdealwithsoundaremuchbetterdevelopedindolphinthaninhumans.Butcanitbesaidthatdolphinshavea‘language’,intherealsenseoftheword?

Scientistsdon’tagreeonthis.

Alanguageisnotjustacollectionofsounds,orevenwords.Alanguagehasastructureandwhatwecallagrammar.Thestructureandgrammarofalanguagehelptogiveitmeaning.Forexample,thetwoquestions“WholovesMary?

”and“WhodoesMarylove?

”meanverydifferentthings.Ifyoustoptothinkaboutit,youwillseethatthisdifferencedoesn’tcomefromthewordsinthequestionbutfromthedifferenceinstructure.Thatiswhythequestion“Candolphinsspeak?

”can’tbeanswereduntilwefindoutifdolphinsnotonlymakesoundsbutalsoarrangetheminagrammaticalorderwhichaffectstheirmeaning.

16Theastronomerwasnotinterestedinthewaydolphinscommunicatewitheachother.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17ThedolphinleaptupintotheairbecauseSaganwastoonearthewater.

18Partsofthedolphin’sbrainareparticularlywelldevelopedtohandledifferentkindsofsound.

19Dolphinsarethemostusefulanimalstohumans.

20Dolphinstravelfasterinwaterthananyotheranimals.

21Somescientistsbelievethatdolphinshavealanguageoftheirown.

22Soundscanbecalledalanguageonlywhentheyhaveastructureandagrammar.

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2、3、5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；

（2）第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

TheWeightExperiment

NicolaWaltershasbeentakingpartinexperimentsinScotlandtodiscoverwhyhumansgainandlostweight.Beinglockedinasmallroomcalleda‘calorimeter’（热量测量室）isonewaytofindout.

1Thesighsabovethetworoomsreadsimply“ChamberOne”and“ChamberTwo”.Thesearethecalorimeters:

4mby2mwhite-walledroomswherehumanvolunteersarelockedupinthenameofscience.Outsidetheseroomsanothersignreads“Pleasedonotenter-workinprogress”andinfrontoftheroomsadvancedmachineryregisterseverymovethevolunteersmake.Eachday,mealsmeasuredtothelastgramarepassedthroughaholeinthewallofthecalorimetertotheresidentvolunteer.

2NicolaWaltersisoneoftwentyvolunteerswho,overthepasteightmonths,havespentvaryingperiodsinsidethecalorimeter.Tallandslim,Nicoladoesnothaveaweightproblem,butthoughtthestrictdietmighthelpwithhertrainingandfitnessprogramme.Aself-employedcommunitydanceworker,shewasabletofittheexperimentinaroundherwork.Shesawanadvertforvolunteersatherlocalgymandassheisinterestedinthewholeareaofdietandexercise,shethoughtshewouldhelpout.

3TheexperimentonNicolainvolvedherspendingonedayonafixeddietathomeandthenextintheroom.Thissequencewasrepeatedfourtimesoversixweeks.Shearrivedatthecalorimeterat8:

30amoneachofthefourmorningsandfromthenoneverythingsheateordrankwascarefullymeasured.Hereverymovewasnotedtoo,herdailyexerciseroutinetimedtothelastsecond.Atregularintervals,aftereating,shefilledinformsabouthowhungryshefeltandsamplesweretakenforanalysis.

4Thescientistshelpvolunteersimposeakindoforderonthelongdaystheyfaceintheroom.“Thefirsttime,Ionlytookonevideoandabook,butitwasOKbecauseIwatchedTVtherestofthetime,”saysNicola.Andtwiceadaysheusedtheexercisebike.Shepedaled（）forhalfanhour,watchedbyresearcherstomakesureshedidn’tgotoofast.

5Itseemsthatsomefoodsencourageyoutoeatmore,whileotherssatisfyyouquickly.Volunteersarealreadyshowingthathigh-fatdietsarelesslikelytomakeyoufeelfull.Believingthattheymaynowknowwhatencouragespeopletoovereat,theresearchersareabouttostarttestingahigh-proteinweight-lossdiet.VolunteersarerequiredandNicolahassignedupforfurthersessions.

AWhatdoesthecalorimeterlooklikeinside?

BWhatprogramwasdesignedfortheexperiment?

CWhatisacalorimeter?

DWhatisthefirstimpression?

EHowdothevolunteerskillthetime?

FWhydidNicolajoinintheexperiments?

23Paragraph1___________

24Paragraph2___________

25Paragraph3___________

26Paragraph4___________

27Themachineryoutsidethecalorimetersrecordseverything___________.

28NicolaWaltershadtimefortheexperiments________________.

29Volunteershavetogetpreparedforthetimeinthecalorimeter____________.

30Theexperimentsshowthathigh-fatdiets_____________.

Athevolunteersdo

Bbecauseshedoesnothaveaweightproblem

Cbecausethelifetherecanbeveryboring

Dmakepeopleovereat

Ebecauseshewasherownboss

Fafterpassingahigh-proteintest

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。

请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇“Salty”RicePlantBoostsHarvests

Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwillbeabletogrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandonedfarmstobecomeproductiveoncemore.

TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity’sSchoolofBiologicalSciences,havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasrice,couldbemadetogrowinwaterthathasbecomesalty.

Thepairhaverecentlybegunathree-yearprogramme,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhichgenesenablesomeplantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreedthiscapabilityintocrops,startingwithrice.

Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan100hectares（公顷）ofagriculturallandarelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨碍生长）plants.Theproblemiscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves（红树林）thatcreateswamps（沼泽）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawaterhavebeencutdown.IntheMediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecausedthewatertabletodrop,allowingseawatertoseep（渗透）in.inLatinAmerica,irrigationoftencausesproblemswhenwaterisevaporated（蒸发）bytheheat,leavingsaltdepositsbehind.

Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.Heavyconcentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewatertheyneedtosurvive.

Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedriceplantsthattakeinverylittlesaltandstorewhattheydoabsorbincellsthatdonotaffecttheplants’grow