《英语听力教程3》听力原文与答案Word格式文档下载.docx

《英语听力教程3》听力原文与答案Word格式文档下载.docx

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1.

a.Morepeoplemorefirewood----fewertrees

b.Moredomesticanimalsmoreplants—feweravailable

plants

a,b--Moredesert----movesouthdesrttexpanding

south----nograss

2.Growingcropsstabilizesoil,withoutthemthetopsoiljustblowsaway.Butifthereisn'

tenoughrainthecropsdon'

tgrow.

3.Peopletrytogrowfoodtosupportthemselvesortocreaterancheswherecattlecanberaised,ortogethardwoodforexport,ortomakewayforanironoremine

SaharaDesert

NorthAmerica&

mostofEurope

3:

topsoilblowingaway

4:

tropicalforestsdestruction

5:

animal/plantspeciesbecomingextinet

6:

climatechangeforthewholeworld

PartIIITheEarthatrisk（II）

Treeswouldholdrainfallintheirroots.Whenforestsinthehigherup-riverhavebeendestroyed,alltherainthatfallsinthemonsoonseasonflowsstraightintotheriverandstartstheflooding.

Heimpliesthatsomenationalgovernmentsjustconsidertheresultsoftheirpoliciesinthenearfuture,orjustthinkasfaraheadasthenextelection.

floodinginBangladesh

Actiontobetaken

populationcontrol

PartIVMoreaboutthetopic:

TheEffectsofGlobalWarming

Keys:

Warmingupoftheworld

Effectsofglobal

reducedpotentialforfoodproduction

changeofpatternsofhear-relatedfoodpoisoning,etc.

PartVDoyouknow…？

F2:

F3:

F4:

F5:

T

Dos1:

yourtowels2:

Cutout3:

awall-fire4:

fridge5:

waituntilyou'

veafullload

acompletemeal

Don'

ts7:

ironeverything8:

theironup9:

thekettle10:

tothebrim

11:

hotfood

Tapescript

PartIGettingready

B.

1.TheAmazonforestsaredisappearingbecauseofincreasedburningandtreeremoval.InSeptember,satellitepicturesshowedmorethan20000firesburningintheAmazon.Expertssaymostofthesefiresweresetbyfarmers.Thefarmerswereattemptingtoclearlandtogrowcrops.TheWorldWildlifeFundsaysanotherseriousproblemisthattoomanytreesintheAmazonrainforestarebeingcutdown.TheWorldWildlifeFundsaysthefiresshowtheneedforurgentinternationalactiontoprotecttheworld'

srainforests.Thegroupwarnsthatwithoutsuchactionsomeforestscouldbelostforever.

2.EnvironmentalissuesswelltothefullinBerlinthisweek,fortheUNspongsoredconferenceonglobalwarmingandclimatechangeisthefirstsuchmeetingsincetheRiosummitthreeyearsago.WithscientistsandgovernmentsnowgenerallyreadytoacceptthattheearthclimateisbeingaffectedbyemissionsofCO2andothergreenhousegases,overahundredcountriesaresendingdelegations.ButhowmuchprogresshasbeenmadeimplementingthegreenhousegasreductiontargetagreedonatRio?

SimonDaryreports...

I（Interviewer）:

BrianCowlesistheproducerofanewseriesofdocumentariescalled"

TheEarthatRisk"

whichcanbeseenonChannel4laterthismonth.Eachprogramdealswithadifferentcontinent,doesn'

tit,Brian?

B（BrianCowles）:

That'

sright.WewenttoAmerica,bothNorthandSouthandthenwewentovertoAfricaandSouth-EastAsia.

I:

Andwhatdidyoufindineachofthesecontinents?

B:

StartingwithAfrica,ourfilmshowstheimpactofthepopulationonthe

environment.Generallyspeaking,thishascausedtheSaharaDeserttoexpand.It'

sabitofaviciouscirclewefind.Peoplecutdowntreesforfirewoodandtheirdomesticanimalseatalltheavailableplants—andsoconsequentlytheyhavetomovesouthastheSaharaDesertexpandsfurthersouth.Imean,soonthewholeofMaliwillbecomeadesert.AndinEastAfrica:

herethegrasslandsaresupportingtoomanyanimalsandtheresultis,ofcourse,there'

snograss—nothingfortheanimalstoeat.I:

Isee.AndthenextfilmdealswithNorthAmerica?

sright.IntheUSA,asyouknow,intensiveagriculturerequiresaplentifulsupplyofrainforthesecropstogrow,Imeanifthereisn'

tenoughrainthecropsdon'

tgrow.Andgrowingcropsstabilizesoil,withoutthemthetopsoiljustblowsaway.Thisisalsotrueforanyregionthatisintenselyfarmed—mostofEurope,forexample.

AndwhatdidyoufindinSouthAmerica?

InSouthAmerica（asinCentralAfricaandSouthernAsia）tropicalforestsarebeingcutdownatanalarmingrate.ThisisdonesothatpeoplecansupportthemselvesbygrowingfoodortocreaterancheswherecattlecanberaisedtobeexportedtoEuropeorAmericaastinnedmeat.Theproblemisthatthesoilissopoorthatonlyacoupleofharvestsarepossiblebeforethisverythinsoilbecomesexhausted.Anditcan'

tbefedwithfertilizerslikeagriculturallandinEurope.

Forexample,inBrazilin1982anareaofjunglethesizeofBritainandFrancecombinedwasdestroyedtomakewayforanironoremine.HugenumbersoftreesarebeingcutdownforexportsashardwoodtoJapan,Europe,USAtomakethingslikeluxuryfurniture.Theseforestscan'

tbereplaced—theforestsoilisthinandunproductiveandinjustafewyears,ajunglehasbecomeawasteland.Tropicalforestscontainrareplants（whichwecanuseformedicines,forexample）andanimals—oneanimalorplantspeciesbecomesextincteveryhalfhour.Theseforesttreesalsohaveworldwideeffects.Youknow,theyconvertcarbondioxideintooxygen.Theconsequenceofdestroyingforestsisnotonlythattheclimateofthatregionchanges（becausethereislessrainfall）butthischangeaffectsthewholeworld.Imean,overhalftheworld'

srainforesthasbeencutdownthiscentury.

So,Brian,wouldyouagreethatwhatwegenerallythinkofasnaturaldisastersareinfactman-made?

Yes,byandlarge.Imean,obviouslynothurricanesorearthquakes,buttakeflooding,forexample.Practicallyeveryyear,thewholeofBangladeshisfloodedandthisisgettingworse.Youknow,thecauseisthatforestshavebeencutdownupinNepalandIndia,Imeanhigherup-riverintheHimalayas.Treeswouldholdrainfallintheirroots,butifthey'

vebeencutdownalltherainthatfallsinthemonsoonseasonflowssraightintotheriverGangesandfloodsthewholecountry.ThereasonforfloodinginSudanisthesame—theforestshigheruptheBlueNileinEthiopiahavebeendestroyedtoo.

Well,thisallsoundsterriblydepressing.Um...Whatistobedone?

Imean,cananythingbedone,infact?

Yes,ofcourseitcan.First,thenationalgovernmentshavetobe

forward-lookingandconsidertheresultsoftheirpoliciesintenortwentyyears,notjustthinkasfaraheadasthenextelection.Somehow,allthecountriesintheworldhavetoworktogetheronaninternationalbasis.Secondly,thepopulationhastobecontrolledinsomeway:

therearetoomanypeopletryingtoliveofftoolittleland.Thirdly,wedon'

tneedtropicalhardwoodtomakeourfurniture——it'

saluxurypeopleintheWestmustdowithout.Softwoodsarejustasgood,lessexpensiveandcanbeproducedonenvironment-friendly"

treefarms"

wheretreesarereplacedatthesameratethattheyarecutdown.

And,presumably,educationisimportantaswell.Peoplemustbeeducatedto

realizetheconsequencesoftheiractions?

Yes,ofcourse.

Well,thankyou,Brian

So,Brian,wouldyouagreethatwhatwegenerallythinkofas...er...aser...

naturaldisastersareinfactman-made?

Yes,byandlarge...er...Imean,obviouslynothurricanesorearthquakes,but

takeflooding,forexample.Imean,practicallyeveryyear,thewholeofBangladeshisfloodedandthisisgettingworse.Youknow,thecauseisthatforestshavebeencutdownupinNepalandIndia...Imean...higherup-riverintheHimalayas.Trees...er...wouldholdrainfallintheirroots,butifthey'

vebeencutdownalltherainthatfallsinthemonsoonseasonflowsstraightintotheriverGangesandfloodsthewholecountry.ThereasonforfloodinginSudanisthesame—theforestshigheruptheBlueNileinEthiopiahavebeendestroyedtoo.

Well,thisallsoundsterriblydepressing.Um...whatistobedone?

Imean,can

anythingbedone,infact?

Yes,ofcourseitcan...er...first,thenationalgovernmentshavetobe

realizetheconsequences...um...oftheiractions?

Yes,yesofcourse.

Well,thankyou,Brian.

Theworldiswarmingup.Weknowthisbecauseaveragetemperaturesarethehighestsincescientistsstartedmeasuringthem600yearsago.Theincreaseisabout02Ceveryyear.Thismayseemveryslight,butweknowthatslightchangesintemperaturecanhaveabigeffectonotherthings.Mostscientistsnowbelievethisglobalwarmingisduetohumanactivity.

JeffJenkinsisheadofBritain'

sClimatePredictionCent