2牛津高中英语模块一至四语法总结及练习.doc

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2牛津高中英语模块一至四语法总结及练习.doc

牛津英语模块1至模块4语法总结及练习

第一单元

一定语从句:

定语从句的介绍

1.就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样,定语从句也可以修饰名词。

定语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。

形容词:

Thegreenteam

介词短语:

Theteamingreen

定语从句:

Theteamwhowerewearinggreen

2.定语从句通常由关系代词来引导,如which,that,who,whom,whose,或关系副词来引导,如when,where,why。

关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语,宾语,表语,定语;关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。

如:

做主语Thetreeswhichareontheschoolcampushavelosttheirleaves.

做宾语Thestudentwhomwesawjustnowisthebestrunnerinourschool.

做表语Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.

做定语ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan’tremember.

做状语TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.

二定语从句:

关系代词:

that,which,who,whom,和whose

1.在定语从句中,that和which用来指代物。

eg:

Thisisthestorythat/whichwewroteforourstorytellingcontest.

2.在定语从句中,who用来指代人。

eg:

IamgoingtoseeafriendwhohasjustcomebackfromtheUK.

3.当who在定语从句中做宾语时,可以用whom来取代,且whom比who更正式。

eg:

Idon’tknowthenameoftheteacherwho/whomIsawinthecomputerroomtheotherday.

4.当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,who,whom,which和that可以被省略。

eg:

Helikesallthebirthdaypresents(that/which)hisfriendsgavehim.

5.Whose用来表示所属,它既可指人也可指物。

eg:

IsatnexttoagirlwhosenamewasDiane.

TheclubwhosemembersaremusicfansmeetintheschoolgardeneverySaturdayafternoon.

第二单元

一定语从句:

介词提前的定语从句(preposition+which;preposition+whom)

1.当关系代词(which/whom)做定语从句中介词的宾语时,可以把介词提到关系代词的前面。

eg:

Wethoughtyouwereapersonfromwhomwecouldexpectgooddecisions.

2.在非正式英语中,介词通常放在定语从句的最后。

eg:

ArtisthesubjectwhichIknowlittleabout.

3.如果介词放在定语从句的最后,which可以被that取代,whom可以被that和who取代。

eg:

Dadisapersonwhom/that/whoIcaneasilytalkto.

4.当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语,并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时,我们通常省略关系代词who和that。

eg:

Thetopic(which)EricisinterestedinisPhysics.

Danielistheperson(whom)Iwanttomakefriendswith.

5.当先行词是way时,我们用inwhich或that来引导定语从句,这种情况下,inwhich或that可以被省略。

eg:

Ididn’tliketheway(that/inwhich)shetalkedtome.

二定语从句:

关系副词:

when,where,why

1.我们通常用关系副词when引导先行词是time,moment,day,season,year等的定语从句。

eg:

Doyourememberthedaywhenweleftyouincharge?

IoftenthinkofthemomentwhenIsawtheUFO.

2.我们通常用关系副词where引导先行词是place,house,city,country,city,world等的定语从句。

eg:

Thepolicesearchedthehousewherethethiefhadstayed.

Thisisnotafamilywherebadbehaviorgoesunpunished.

3.我们通常用关系副词why引导先行词是reason的定语从句。

eg:

Idon’tknowthereasonwhythehouseissodirty.

4.在更加正式的英语中,where,when和why能够被介词+which所替代。

eg:

Thestudyistheplacewhere/inwhichIoftenhavetalkswithmyfather.

Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichmyparentsgothomeearlier.

Itrainedthewholedaywhen/onwhichhetraveledwithhisfamily.

第三单元

一定语从句:

非限制性定语从句

1.非限制性定语从句是一个为主句添加额外信息的从句,在非限制性定语从句前通常有个逗号。

eg:

Amy,whotookweight-losspills,nowrealizesthathealthisimportant.

Mypillsareinthebathroom,whereIalwayskeepthem.

2.当先行词是整个主句时,可以用which来引导定语从句。

eg:

Hemissedtheshow,whichwasagreatpity.

3.我们可以用all+whom/which来表示全部数量,用someof+whom/which来表示部分数量。

eg:

Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises,allofwhicharequitehelpfultomyhealth.

Manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweight,aregoingondiet.

定语从句练习

1.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?

A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone

2.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone

3.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone

4.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.

A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat

5.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesintoice.

A.atwhichB.onthatC.inwhichD.ofwhat

6.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.

A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether

7.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.

A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which

8.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.

A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich

9.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.what

10.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.

A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that

11.Anyone__________thisopinionmayspeakout.

A.thatagainstsB.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst

12.Didn’tyouseetheman__________?

InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnow

C.InoddedtohimjustnowD.Inoddedtojustnow

13.Isthereanything__________toyou?

A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongs

14.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?

----“It’squitedifferentfrom__________Ireadlastmonth.”

A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat

15.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept__________who

hadalreadytakenthem.

A.theonesB.onesC.some

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