江苏各市高三英语上册考分类汇编任务型阅读含答案.docx

江苏各市高三英语上册考分类汇编任务型阅读含答案.docx

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江苏各市高三英语上册考分类汇编任务型阅读含答案

江苏高三上2018--201910分类汇编

---任务型（含答案）

无锡一中

Yourgrandpaprobablycomplainedthatrainwascoming---hecouldfeelitinhisknees.Wewouldn’twanttoquestionanelder’swisdom,butisthereanyscientificbasisinhisclaims?

Oneexpert,ElaineHusni,directorofClevelandClinic’sArthritis（关节炎）andMusculoskeletalCenter,explainstheeffectsofbarometricpressure（气压）andwhytheseachesandpainscouldbetelling.

Dr.Husnisaysthatmany,butnotall,ofherosteoarthritispatientscomplainthatweatherdoesinfluencetheirpainlevels.“Thereissomeconsensusthatlowerbarometricpressureanddroppingtemperaturescorrelatewithmorejointpain,”saystheCleverlanddoctor.Barometricpressure---essentiallytheweightoftheairaroundus---dropswhenitgetscolder.Thethinking,sheexplains,isthatlightnesscancausethethinliningknownasthejointcapsule（关节囊），whichsurroundsjointsandmaintainslubrication（润滑）,toexpandandstretchnerves,causingpain.Asimilarphenomenoncanoccurwithhumiditychanges:

Therecanbeshiftsinpressurethatcauseswellingaroundthejoints,Dr.Husnisays.

Theoriesincludethat“patientswitharthritisalreadyhaveinflammation（炎症）oftheirjoints（specificallyaroundthejointcapsule）soanyadditionalchangesintheatmospherecouldbedetectedmoreeasily,”shesays.“Perhapsthenerveendingsaremoresensitiveinpatientswitharthritis.”

Peoplewithmigraines（偏头痛）sometimesinsisttheyfeelheadachescomingonwhentheairturnscoldandtheairpressuredrops.Thesearecalledbarometricpressureheadaches,andasmallstudyof31migrainesufferersinNaples,Italy,foundthatlowpressurecanleadtoconstricted（收缩的）bloodvesselsandresultinmoresevereheadaches,thoughthereasons,accordingtoscientists,aren’ttotallyclear.

Dr.Husniisquicktopointoutthatclinicalstudieshavebeenconductedtofinddirectcorrelationsbetweenpatientswithhiporkneepainsandchangesintheweather,buttheresultsweremixed.“Theredoesseemtobealooseassociationbetweencertaintemperaturevariableslikebarometricpressure,coldtemperaturesandhumidityandincreasedjointpain,butitisn’tsoeasyforpatientstosaywithprecision,‘Itwillbe60degreesandrainytomorrow,’”shesays.Whilemanypatientsdofeelmorepainwhenitgetscoldorhumid,“theyarenotpsychic（灵媒）.Instudies,theycouldn’tpredicttheweatherwithaccuracy.”

ThestudiesDr.Husnicitesdon’tpinpoint（准确描述）anexacttimeofwhenpainissetoffbychangingtemperatures,norhassheseenevidencethatcertainclimatesarebetterforthosewithjointpain.“Alotofpeoplewithosteoarthritissaytheydobetterinwarmerclimates,butthechangesinclimatearen’talwaysclinicallymeaningful,”saysthejointexpert.Shecitesastudythattrackedonlinesearchesfortermsrelatedtoarthritisandkneeandhippainandweatherchangesacross5yearsin50Americancities.Whentemperaturesfelltobetweenminus5℃and30℃,searchvolumes（量）forhippainincreasedby12indexpoints,andkneepainincreasedby18indexpoints;above30℃,searchvolumesdroppedby7indexpoints.Still,saysDr.Husni,thestudydidn’tprovepredictiveabilities---justcuriosity.“It’snotlikeyouneedtomovetoawarmerclimate,”shesays.

Blustery（大风的）weathermayindeedincreasepaininthosewhosufferfromjointpain,butDr.Husnisuggestssomebasicfixes.Nomatteryourlocalclimate,keepyourcorewarmanddry,shesays.Asweater,scarfandglovesareperfectlyfinewellintoMarch.Nohardevidencesuggeststhatapplyingheatorcoldwilleradicatejointpain.But“ifanicepackfeelsgoodoraheatpadhelps,I’mnotgoingtostopmypatientsfromusingthem,”shesays.

Anti-inflammatorymedicationsarealsogo-tos,butDr.Husniencouragespatientswitharthritisandotherjointdiscomforttoseekmedicaladvice.“Consultyourdoctor,whocantreatyoupersonally,shesays.“Osteoarthritisaffects27%ofAmericans,andtherearealotofexpertsoutthere.Getdiagnosed,gethelp,andyoudon’thavetosufferinbadweather.

Canachyjointspredicttheweather?

Introduction

Elderstendto___71___achyjointsonthechangeinweather.

Thescientific___72___forweather-relatedpain

●A___73___inairpressureandtemperaturecorrespondtomorejointpain.

●Swellingtissuescausedbyhighhumidityput___74___onjointsandincreasepain.

●Thepresenceofjointinflammationputspatientswitharthritisinamore___75___situation.

The___76___resultsofthoseclinicalstudies

●Thereseemstobealooselinkbetweencertaintemperaturevariablesandincreasedjointpain.

●Patientswithhiporkneepainhave___77___predictingtheweatherwithaccuracy.

●Whethercertainclimatesarebetterforthosewithjointpainis___78___.

Somesuggestionsfor___79___jointpain

Whateverthecauseofjointpain,patie