最新一般过去时态和现在完成时态的区别练习题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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(lastnight为具体的过去时间状语,所以用一般过去时态)
I’velearnedEnglishforthreeyears.
(forthreeyears为时间状语,是个时间段,时间跨度大,不具体)
学以致用
1.——When_____you_____tolearntoskate?
----Fiveyearsago.
A.do;
startB.will;
start现在完成时态
详细讲解及其练习
一、由“have/has+分词”构成,主要有两个含义:
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果,常用的时间状语有manytimes,just,yet,ever,never,just,already,sofar,bynow等。
IhavealreadywatchedtheTVplay.我已经看过这部电视剧了。
(现在我对它不感兴趣了)
——Haveyoufoundyourlostpenyet?
——No,Ihaven’tfoundityet.(我很着急)
②表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还将持续下去。
用于,常常与sofar、for或者since短语连用。
since+时间点/从句,for+时间段,如fortwomonths等。
二、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别
1)现在完成时和都能表示过去发生过的动作,但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响,并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去;
2)而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系,仅表示过去的动作,且这一动作到说话时已终止。
因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如:
in1949,yesterday,lastweek等的状语连用,并且用when或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时,一般只用一般过去时。
三、在“itisfirst/second...timethat...。
”或在“it/this/thatisthe+最高级+名词+that...。
”结构中,that从句中的动词常用现在完成时;
在“it+be...+since从句”这一结构中,be可用或现在完成时,since从句一般用过去时。
现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始,一直持续到现在。
Ihaven'
tseenhimfortwoyears.
但是,像come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。
要用,必须改为“be(在)”等延续性动词来表述。
现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换:
arrive→behere
die→bedead
begin(start)→beon
comeback→beback
fall
ill(sick,asleep)→beill(sick,asleep)
leave→beaway
getup→beup
finish→beover
open→beopen
close→beclosed
borrow→keep或beon→bein或beamemberof…
gotoschool→beastudent
buy→have
catch(acold)→have(acold)
begintostudy→study
gettoknow→know
cometowork→work等
Hehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears.他参军三年了。
Hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.他父亲去世二年了。
Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.电影已开始十分钟了。
WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.我们(开始)学英语已三年了。
几点注意事项
(1)havebeen(to)与havegone(to)的区别:
havebeen(to)表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于各人称;
havegone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”,常用于第三人称,前者可与once,never,
severaltimes等连用,后者则不能。
HehasbeentoBeijing.他去过北京(已经回来了)
HehasgonetoBeijing.他去北京了。
(还没有回来)
have/hasbeenin待在某地
TheyhavebeeninBeijing.他们呆在北京。
(2)终止性动词现在完成时的否定式,已变成一种可以延续的状态,因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
tleftheresince1997.自从1997年以来,我一直没有离开过这儿。
现在完成时态练习题
一选择填空。
(
)2.Herfather______in1990andherhusband______formorethanfiveyears.
(A)died,dead
(B)hasdied,dead
(C)died,hasbeendead
(D)hasdied,hasdied
)3.
Ihave_____thisnicewatchfortwoyears.
(A)had
(B)bought
(C)borrowed
(D)lend
)4.He_____hishomefortenyears.
(A)hasleft
(B)leftfrom
(C)hasbeenawayfrom
(D)wasawayfrom
)5.He_____aleaguememberforthreeyears
(A)is
(B)hasbeen
(C)hasbecome
(D)havebecome
)6.Lihua'
sbrotherhas_______fortwoyears
(A)joinedthearmy
(C)becomeasoldier
(B)beenanarmy
(D)beeninthearmy
)7.Hehasn'
t_____Quanzhoueversinceheleftschool
(A)
left
(B)beenaway
(C)been
(D)away
二选择填空
)1.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework——Yes,I_______itlastnight
finish
(B)finished
(C)havefinished
(D)willfinish
()2.——________youever_______toNanjing——Yes,I______therelastyear.(A)Have…gone,havegone(B)Did…go,went
(C)Have…been,went(D)Did…go,has,been)
)3.——When_______you________LucyinNewYork?
——I_________herfortwoyears
did…meet,haven'
tseen
(B)did…meet,don'
tsee
(C)have…met,
haven'
tseen
)4.He______finishedhishomeworkyet.
(A)didn’t
(B)haven’t
(C)hasn’t
(D)doesn’thave
)5.——Haveyou________traveledonthebanch?
——Yes,Ihave.
(A)just
(B)yet
C)never
(D)ever
)6..——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework——Not__________
(A)ever
(B)already.
(C)yet
(D)just.
)7
Wehaven'
tfinishedourhomework,_____.
(A)already
((B)ever
(C)yet
(D)never
)8.——Haveyou__________learnedEnglish?
——Yes,I'
ve________learnedalot.
(A)never,ever
(B)ever,never
(C)ever,already
(D)already.ever
)9.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework________?
ve_____donethat.
yet,already
(B)already,yet
(C)ever,never
(D)still,just
(
)10.John'
sfather_______borrowedsomepictures
(A)hasjust
(B)haveever
(C)hasyet
(D)havealready
三
用since和for填空
(一)
1)______twoyears
_______twoyearsago
2)_______lastmonth
3)_______yesterday
4)_______anhourago5)______shelefthere
6)_______4o’clock
8)______1999
9)______4hours
10)_____lunchtime
(二)
1.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.
2.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.
3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.
4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.
5.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.
四单项选择题
)1.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory_____2years.
(A)about((B)for(C)in(D)since
()2.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty_________
(A)sincethreeyearsago
(B)intwoyears'
time
(C)forthreeyears
(D)threeyearsago
3.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,________?
A.sothey
B.don’tthey
C.havethey
D.haven’tthey
4.WecametoNanjingthreeyearsago,sowe________hereforthreeyears.
A.havebeento
B.havebeenin
C.havebeen
D.havegone
5.-Howlong______you_______yourdictionary?
-Abouttwomonths.
A.did;
buy
B.have;
get
C.have;
had
D.have;
bought
6.Hetellsmehe________Chinaforoverfiveyears
.A.hasbeen
B.hasbeenin
C.hasbeento
D.hasgonetoChina
7.________hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe_______toNanjing?
A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,got
C.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived
8.Hisuncle________formorethan9years.
A.hascomehere
B.hasstartedtowork
C.haslivedthere
D.haslefttheuniversity
9.Hehasneversurfed,__________(改成反意疑问句)?
10.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)
__________havetheybeenhere?
11.Theoldman_________lastyear.
He________forayear.(die)
12.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(改写句子,句意不变)