希望大家继续补充新G机经中的老G原题和其他长篇机经Word文件下载.docx

希望大家继续补充新G机经中的老G原题和其他长篇机经Word文件下载.docx

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adv.缺乏,只要没有）amassiveshiftawayfrom（awayfrom:

远离）theprivateautomobileistoreplaceconventionaldieselfuelandgasolinewithcleaner-burningfuelssuchascompressednaturalgas,liquefiedpetroleumgas（liquefiedpetroleumgas:

n.液化石油气acompressedgasthatconsistsofflammablehydrocarbons（aspropaneandbutane）andisusedespeciallyasfuelorasrawmaterialforchemicalsynthesis）,ethanol,ormethanol.Allofthesealternativesarecarbon-basedfuelswhosemoleculesaresmallerandsimplerthanthoseofgasoline.Thesemoleculesburnmorecleanlythangasoline,inpartbecausetheyhavefewer,ifand,carbon-carbonbonds,andthehydrocarbonstheydoemitarelesslikelytogenerateozone.Thecombustionoflargermolecules,whichhavemultiplecarbon-carbonbonds,involvesamorecomplexseriesofreactions.Thesereactionsincreasetheprobabilityofincompletecombustionandaremorelikelytoreleaseuncombustedandphotochemicallyactivehydrocarboncompoundsintotheatmosphere.Ontheotherhand,alternativefuelsdohavedrawbacks.Compressednaturalgaswouldrequirethatvehicleshaveasetofheavyfueltanksaseriousliabilityintermsofperformanceandfuelefficiencyandliquefiedpetroleumgasfacesfundamentallimitsonsupply.Ethanolandmethanol,ontheotherhand,haveimportantadvantagesoverothercarbon-basedalternativefuels:

theyhaveahigherenergycontent（energycontent:

能含量；

内能）pervolumeandwouldrequireminimalchangesintheexistingnetworkfordistributingmotorfuel.Ethanoliscommonlyusedasagasolinesupplement,butitiscurrentlyabouttwiceasexpensiveasmethanol,thelowcostofwhichisoneofitsattractivefeatures.Methanolsmostattractivefeature,however,isthatitcanreducebyabout90percentthevehicleemissionsthatformozone,themostseriousurbanairpollutant.Likeanyalternativefuel,methanolhasitscritics.Yetmuchofthecriticismisbasedontheuseof“gasolineclone”vehiclesthatdonotincorporateeventhesimplestdesignimprovementsthataremadepossiblewiththeuseofmethanol.Itistrue,forexample,thatagivenvolumeofmethanolprovidesonlyaboutone-halfoftheenergythatgasolineanddieselfueldo;

otherthingsbeingequal,thefueltankwouldhavetobesomewhatlargerandheavier.However,sincemethanol-fueledvehiclescouldbedesignedtobemuchmoreefficientthan“gasolineclone”vehiclesfueledwithmethanol,theywouldneedcomparativelylessfuel.Vehiclesincorporatingonlythesimplestoftheengineimprovementsthatmethanolmakesfeasiblewouldstillcontributetoanimmediatelesseningofurbanairpollution.17.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（文章的逻辑结构非常明显，是指出一个问题，然后讨论了多种方案，最后指向METHANOL。

其实是排除了其它的方案，或者其它方案均为陪衬。

这是选D的原因。

C显然不对，因为文章不但讨论的各种方案的STRENGTH，更讨论了各种方案的WEAKNESS。

）（A）counteringaflawedargumentthatdismissesapossiblesolutiontoaproblem（B）reconcilingcontradictorypointsofviewaboutthenatureofaproblem（C）identifyingthestrengthsofpossiblesolutionstoaproblem（D）discussingaproblemandarguinginfavorofonesolutiontoit（D）（E）outliningaplanofactiontosolveaproblemanddiscussingtheobstaclesblockingthatplan18.Accordingtothepassage,incompletecombustionismorelikelytooccurwithgasolinethanwithanalternativefuelbecause（A）thecombustionofgasolinereleasesphotochemicallyactivehydrocarbons（B）thecombustionofgasolineinvolvesanintricateseriesofreactions（C）gasolinemoleculeshaveasimplemolecularstructure（D）gasolineiscomposedofsmallmolecules.（B）（E）gasolineisacarbon-basedfuel19.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutairpollution?

（A）Furtherattemptstoreduceemissionsfromgasoline-fueledvehicleswillnothelplowerurbanair-pollutionlevels.（B）Attemptstoreducethepollutantsthatanindividualgasoline-fueledvehicleemitshavebeenlargelyunsuccessful.（C）Fewseriousattemptshavebeenmadetoreducetheamountofpollutantsemittedbygasoline-fueledvehicles.（D）Pollutantsemittedbygasoline-fueledvehiclesarenotthemostcriticalsourceofurbanairpollution.（A）（E）Reductionsinpollutantsemittedbyindividualvehicleshavebeenoffsetbyincreasesinpollutionfromsourcesotherthangasoline-fueledvehicles.20.Whichofthefollowingmostcloselyparallelsthesituationdescribedinthefirstsentenceofthepassage?

（A）Althoughatownreducesitspublicservicesinordertoavoidataxincrease,thetownstaxrateexceedsthatofothertownsinthesurroundingarea.（B）Althoughastatepassesstrictlawstolimitthetypeoftoxicmaterialthatcanbedisposedofinpubliclandfills,illegaldumpingcontinuestoincrease.（C）Althoughatownscitizensreducetheirindividualuseofwater,thetownswatersuppliescontinuetodwindlebecauseofasteadyincreaseinthetotalpopulationofthetown.（D）Althoughacountryattemptstoincreasethesaleofdomesticgoodsbyaddingataxtothepriceofimportedgoods,thesaleofimportedgoodswithinthecountrycontinuestoincrease.（C）（E）Althoughacountryreducesthespeedlimitonitsnationalhighways,thenumberoffatalitiescausedbyautomobileaccidentscontinuestoincrease.21.Theauthordescribeswhichofthefollowingasthemostappealingfeatureofmethanol?

（A）Itissubstantiallylessexpensivethanethanol.（B）Itcouldbeprovidedtoconsumersthroughtheexistingmotorfueldistributionsystem.（C）Ithashigherenergycontentthanotheralternativefuels.（D）Itsusewouldmakedesignimprovementsinindividualvehiclesfeasible.（E）（E）Itsusewouldsubstantiallyreduceozonelevels.22.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatavehiclespecificallydesignedtousemethanolforfuelwould（A）besomewhatlighterintotalbodyweightthanaconventionalvehiclefueledwithgasoline（B）bemoreexpensivetooperatethanaconventionalvehiclefueledwithgasoline（C）havealargerandmorepowerfulenginethanaconventionalvehiclefueledwithgasoline（D）havealargerandheavierfueltankthana“gasolineclone”vehiclefueledwithmethanol（E）（E）averagemoremilespergallonthana“gasolineclone”vehiclefueledwithmethanol23.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorofthepassagemostlikelyregardsthecriticismofmethanolinthelastparagraphas（A）flawedbecauseoftheassumptionsonwhichitisbased（B）inapplicablebecauseofaninconsistencyinthecriticsarguments（C）misguidedbecauseofitsexclusivelytechnologicalfocus（D）inaccuratebecauseitignoresconsumersconcerns（A）（E）invalidbecauseitreflectsthepersonalbiasofthecritics2还有一篇文章讲美国和澳大利亚土著人的历史。

有个什么四万和两万五千年，里面有的词汇还有coastal，建议去各大数据库锁定这篇原文，关键词theUnitedStates,Australia,25000,40000，coastal（当然我也不确定能不能搜到）.这篇也读的不是很懂。

还有一篇短阅读是讲美国大陆上开始有人大概是什么时间。

作者用了澳大利亚来佐证。

一开始是说有观点认为可以推到40000-25000年前。

而作者认为不可信，因为没有找到很多rite，而澳大利亚有很多rite。

后来就开始读不懂了。

澳大利亚的干旱、密度低、后冰川时期海平面上升、美国的内流河神马神马的。

说真的这篇东西挺打击我的，让我的阅读水平仿佛一夜回到解放前。

三道题也不都太懂。

没读出来后面的海平面上升跟前面的rite有什么联系，于是“读懂大意就能做题”的方法就不管用了ORZ。

还有一篇短阅读讲的是澳大利亚25000年前没有人类活动的痕迹，是因为那之前没有人类在那篇土地上生存。

然后比较了一下澳大利亚和美国吧。

涉及到coastalarea的问题，大家注意一下。

这个记得不是很清楚了，大家就当着一看吧。

原文：

RecentdiscoveriesinNewWorldarchaeologyalongwithnewscientificmethodsforanalyzingdatahaveledtonewideasregardingtheoriginofthefirstpeoplesoftheAmericasandtheirtimeofarrival.ThetraditionaltheoryheldthatthefirstAmericanscrossedthelandbridgefromSiberiatoAlaskaaround11,500yearsagoandfollowedanice-freecorridorbetweentwolargeCanadianicesheets（theLaurentideandCordilleran）toreachunglaciatedlandstothesouth.Thesefirstinhabitants,whosearchaeologicalsitesarescatteredacrossNorthandSouthAmerica,werecalledtheClovispeople,namedafterthetowninNewMexicowheretheirflutedspearpointsusedforhuntingmammothwerefirstfoundin1932.ThereisnowconvincingevidenceofhumanhabitationsitesthatdateearlierthantheCloviscultureincludingsiteslocatedinSouthAmerica.MonteVerde,awell-studiedsitelocatedalongarivernearsoutherncentralChile,dates12,500yearsago.Thissitecontainstheburiedremnantsofdwellings,stonetoolsincludinglargebifacialprojectilepoints,andpreservedmedicinalandedibleplants.Howdidpeoplemanagetosettlethisfarsouthatsuchanearlydate?

Acoastalmigrationrouteisnowgainingmoreacceptance,ratherthantheolderviewofsmallbandsmovingonfootacrossthemiddleofthelandbridgebetweenSiberiaandAlaskaandintothecontinents.EmergingevidencesuggeststhatpeoplewithboatsmovedalongthePacificcoastintoAlaskaandnorthwesternCanadaandeventuallysouthtoPeruandChileby12,500yearsagoandperhapsmuchearlier.ArchaeologicalevidenceinAustralia,Melanesia,andJapanindicateboatswereinuseasfarbackas25,000to40,000yearsago.Searouteswouldhaveprovidedabundantfoodresourcesandeasierandfastermovementthanlandroutes.Manycoastalareaswereunglaciatedatthistime,providingopportunitiesforlandfallalongtheway.SeveralearlysitesalongthecoastofCanada,California,Peru,Ecuador,andChiledatebetween10,000and12,000yearsago.Manypotentialcoastalsitesarenowsubmerged,makinginvestigationdifficult.IftheClovispeoplewerenotherefirst,thenwhowas?

ClovispointsarefoundinmanysitesinNorthandCentralAmericawith