北京大学博士生入学考试试题Word文档格式.docx

北京大学博士生入学考试试题Word文档格式.docx

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北京大学博士生入学考试试题北京大学博士生入学考试试题北京大学2002年博士生入学考试试题.PartOne:

@#@StructureandWrittenExpressionDirection:

@#@Ineachquestiondecidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PuttheletterofyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.（20%）1.Thedoctors_isthatshellsoonbeasgoodasnewifshetakesinsulinandwatchesherdiet.A.agnosticismB.anticipationC.diagnosisD.prognosis2.Itis_understoodbyallconcernedthatthewordnoonewhovisitshimeverbreatheasyllableofmhishearingwillremainforeverunspoken.A.uncommunicativelyB.acceptablyC.tacitlyD.taciturnly3._springsnotoutoftrueanddeepadmiration,butmoreoftenoutofaself-seekingwishtoidentifywithsomeoneimportantorfamous.A.AcomplimentB.AnadulatoryC.FlatteryD.Praise4.Leavingforworkmplentyoftimetocatchthetrainwill_worryaboutbeinglate.A.ruleoffB.preventC.avoidD.obviate5.NicholasChauvin,aFrenchsoldier,airedhisvenerationofNapoleonBonaparteso_andunceasinglythathebecamethelaughingstockofallpeopleinEurope.A.vociferouslyB.patrioticallyC.verboselyD.loquaciously6.Peoplesufferingfrom_prefertostayshutintheirhomesandbecomepanic-strickenmlargepublicbuildingsandopenfields.A,acrophobiaB.agoraphobiaC.claustrophobiaD.xenophobia7.Allnormalhumanbeingsare_atleasttoadegree-theygetafeelingofwarmthandkinshipfromengagingingroupactivities.A.segregatedB.congregationalC,gregariousD.egregious8.Heis_drinker,whohasbeenimbibingforsolongthathehasfigurativelyspeaking,grownoldwiththevice.A.aninveterateB.anincorrigibleC.achronicD.anunconscionable9.Welisteneddumb-struck,fullof_,totheshockingdetailsofthecorruptionoftheex-presidentofthecompare.A.incredalityB.ingenuityC.ingenuousnessD.incredibility10.Toomuch_canpossiblyleadtounhappiness,eventothoughtsofsuicideasfewpeoplehavethecouragetoanalyzethemselvesobjectivelyandminutely.A.retrospectB.retrospectionC.perspicacityD.perspicuity11.Hydrocarbons,_byengineexhausts,reactwithnitrogenoxidesinthepresenceofsunlighttoformcomplextoxicgases.A.aregivenoffB.giveoffC.theyaregivenoffD.givenoff12.Hecouldhardly_histemperwhenhesawthestateofhisoffice.A.holdinB.holdupC.holdoffD.holdout13.Thestatesmanwasevidently_bythejournalistsquestionsandglaredathimforafewseconds.A.putdownB.putoutC.putacrossD.putaway14._,itiswidelyusedinmakingflaresandfireworks.A,AsthebrilliantwhitelightthatburningmagnesiumproducesB.BecauseofthebrilliantwhitelightofburningmagnesiumC.ThebrilliantwhitelightofburningmagnesiumD.Burningmagnesiumproducesabrilliantwhitelight15._totellusthattheinterestoftheindividualshouldbesubordinatetothatofthecollective?

@#@A.WereyouusedB.AreyouusedC.DidyouuseD.Doyouused16.Iwouldhavegonetothelecturewithyou_Iwassobusy.A.exceptthatB.providedthatC.butthatD.onlythat17.Thedetectivewatchedandsawthesuspect_ahotelatthecomerofthestreet.A.gettingoffthetaxiandwalkingintoB.gotoffthetaxiandwalkedintoC.getoffthetaxiandwalkintoD.gotoffthetaxitowalkinto18.Thechildis_alltheevidenceforhisopinion.A.notencouragedeithertobecriticalortoexamineB.encouragedeithertobecriticalnortoexamineC.eitherencouragedtobecriticalortoexamineD.neitherencouragedtobecriticalnortoexamine19.Tobesure,therewouldbescarcelynotimeleftoverforotherthingsifschoolchildren_allsidesofeverymatteronwhichtheyholdopinions.A.wouldhavebeenexpectedtohaveconsideredB.wereexpectedtoconsiderC.willbeexpectedtohavebeenconsideredD.wereexpectedtohaveconsidered20.Wheneverworkisbeingdone,energy_fromoneformintoanother.A.convertsB.convertedC.isconvertedD.isbeingconvertedPartTwo:

@#@ReadingComprehensionI.Direction:

@#@EachofthepassagesisfollowedbysomequestionsForeachquestionfouranswersaregiven.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.PatyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.（10%）PassageOnTheAerospaceBicycleThatFelltoEarth

（1）AradicalnewbicyclehaditsfirstpublicshowingattheNationalBritishCyclingChampionshipsinShrewsburylastweekend.Basedonthegoldmedal-winningdesignfromtheBarcelonaOlympics,itisthefirstcommercialmountainbikemadeofasinglepieceofcarbonfibre.

（2）BicyclesforamateurshaveuptonownommadeofsteelaluminiumormagnesiumtubesweldedtogetherintotheconventionalA-flameshape.Butlastyear,theBritishcompetitorChrisBoardmansetworldrecordswhilewinningtitlesintheOlympiccyclingpursuiteventsonacustom-built,carbon-fibrebicyclewithlowerweightandwindresistancethanstandardmodels.Becausecarbonfibreisbothlightandextremelystrong,itdoesnotneedtheA-frameshape,savingfurtherweight.Carbonfibrecanalsobemouldedinasinglepiece,avoidingtheweaknessofwelds.（3）,Thenewbike,whichwillcostbetween$2000and$3000whenitreachestheshopsnextmonth,hasthesameadvantagesastheOlympicmodel.Itweighsabout11kilograms,asavingof1.5kilogramsonmetalframes.Withnocrossbar,ithasalowercentreofgravity,makingiteasiertouseinraceconditions.Whenyouredoingsomeaggressiveriding,youthrowthebikeaboutformsidetoside,explainsEddieEccleston,directorofBritishEagle,aBritishbicyclemanufacturerbasedinPowys,Wales,whichismarketingthebikes.Thelowcentreofgravitygivesyoubettercontrol.（4）TheframesarebeingmadeintheUSforBritishEaglebySPsystemsinCamarillo,California,whichhasclientsintheaerospaceindustry.Thisisaerospacetechnologybroughtintocyclingbyenthusiasts,saysEccleston.WhenprofessionalstestedracingversionsofthebikebeforetheTourdeFrance,theywerequickerthanmetalversionsbyupto3secondsperkilometre.（5）Thenewdesignhasnostrutsbetweenthesaddleandthebackwheel;@#@instead,theframesflexibilitycanbetunedtoindividualtastesbychangingthemixtureofKevlarfibreandcarbonfibreinthebackwheelstrut,allowingupto5centimetresofmovement.（6）Thecarbon-fibredesignhasalowercentreofgravityandsmootherback-wheelsuspensionthanconventionalbikes.2l.ThenewbicycleexhibitedattheNationalBritishCyclingChampionshipswasradicalbecause_A.itwasmadefromthegoldmedal-winningdesignoftheBarcelonaOlympicsB.itwasthefastcommercialmountainbikeC.itspublicshowinglastweekendarousedmanypeoplescuriosityD.itwasmadeofonesinglepieceofcarbonfibre22.Accordingtothecontext,bicyclesforamateursatthebeginningofthesecondparagraphreferstobicycles_A.thatpeoplebuyonlyforridingintheirdailylifeBthatareboughtbyamateurcyclistswholikecyclingasanexerciseC.thatarebuiltforcustomersingeneralD.thatnon-Olympiccompetitorsuse23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?

@#@AThenewcommercialbikehasnocrossbaranditscentreofgravityislowerthantheOlympicmodel.B.Whentheriderisdoingsomeroughriding,thenewbikeslowcetnreofgravitygiveshimbettercontrol.C.Thenewbikeismadebyusingaerospacetechnologyandisquickerthantheconventionalbikeby3secondsperkilometre.D.Thenewbikehasnometalbarbetweenthesaddleandthebackwheel,andtheamountofcarbonfibreusedinthebackwheelcanbechangedaccordingtotheuserstaste.PassageTwoFreeAdviceIsJustAroundtheCorner

（1）WhenDanielFranklin,apoliticalscienceprofessorfromAtlanta,neededcareeradvancementadvice,hedidntturntocolleagues,therapistsorevenhismom.

（2）HewenttotheAdviceLadies.（3）ThreethirtysomethingNewYorkwomen,advertisingfreelancersbyday,haveturnedthemselvesintoSaturdayafternoonstreet-comeroracles,theypulluplawnchairsandatableonalowerManhattanstreetcomeranddishoutfreeadvicetopassersby.TheyveclaimedthecomerofWestBroadwayandBroomeStreetinSohoastheirownforthelastseveralmonths.（4）AmyAlkon,who,withlongtimefriendsMarloweMinnickandCarolynJohnson,becomesapart-timeshrinkeachweekend.Weusecreativeproblem-solvingtoturnproblemintofun,shesays.（5）Onarecentsteamyafternoon,alinehasformedinfrontoftheAdviceLadiestable.Obviously,NewYorkersneedplentyofhelp.Peoplefeeltheyhavenocontrolinthiscrazyworld.Andtherapycantakeyears,Minnicksays.Wesolveproblemsinstantly,itsinstantanswergratification（6）Thethreebrainstormbeforedeliveringadviceoneverythingfrompetdiscipline,closet-spacemanagement,evenhaircare.Butnolegaladvice.Byfar,mostofourquestionsarelove-related.Itsamazingtheintimatesexualproblemsthatpeoplewilldivulgetoatotalstranger,Alkonsays.（7）Buttheywontbestrangersmuchlonger.TheAdviceLadiesareputtingtogetherabookdeal.AndRobertDeNiroiscrewingatalkshowaroundthem,duenationallythisfallfromhisTribecaPicutres.（8）DeNiroaskedusforadvice,butwethinkhesalreadyperfect,purrsAlkon.（9）AndtheircareeradvicetoFranklin?

@#@Heswrittenabook,sowetoldhimtogetamanagerandgoonthetouringcircuit.Itsgreatmoneyandgreatpublicityforthebook（10）Goodadvice,saysFranklin.24.Therewere_A.about30NewYorkwomenwhoofferedfreeadvicebydayB.threewomenfreelancersabout30yearsoldwhoofferedadvertisingadviceonSaturdayC.about30womenadvertisingfreelancersofferedadviceeverySaturdayafternooninNewyorkD.threewomenabout30yearsold,whodidadvertisingasajob,offeredfreeadviceeverySaturdayafternoon25.Theseadvisors_AchangedtheNewYorkstreetcomersintooraclesB.usedtheNewYorkstreetcomersastheiradviceofficeC.satatastreetcomertogivepeoplefreeadviceD.madeastreetcomertheirplacetopredictthefuture