综合英语第二册Unit7讲义.docx

综合英语第二册Unit7讲义.docx

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综合英语第二册Unit7讲义

Unit7

Quote

Historiesmakemenwise;poemswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend、

—FrancisBacon

历史使人睿智,诗歌使人智慧,数学使人细致,自然哲学使人深邃,道德使人严肃;逻辑与修辞使人善辩。

读史使人明智,读诗使人聪慧,演算使人精密,哲理使人深刻,伦理学使人有修养,逻辑修辞使人善辩。

史鉴使人明智;诗歌使人巧慧;数学使人精细;博物使人深沉;伦理之学使人庄重;逻辑与修辞使人善辩。

4、Questionsaboutthetext

---Whatissuesdoesthewriteroftheletterintendtodealwith?

---Whatisthemainidea?

----What’stheauthor’spurposeofwriting?

---Howisthetextarranged?

Whatissuesdoesthewriteroftheletterintendtodealwith?

----Howshouldstudentsregardgrades,bothgoodandbad?

Aregradesasimportantastheyareassumedtobe?

Dogoodgradesnecessarilyleadtoachievementsandbadgradesresultinfailureinastudent’slaterlife?

Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

------、Thetextismainlyaboutgrades,disappointmentandattitudestowardsthembyconsideringexactlywhatthegradeBmeansanddoesn’tmean、

What’stheauthor’spurposeofwriting?

----totellhisstudentthatheshouldviewhisgradesandhisdisappointmentcorrectly、

Whattypeofwritingisthisessay?

-----argumentation、

Apartfromthefirstparagraph,therestofthetextfallsclearlyintothreeparts,eachofwhichismarkedatthebeginningbyakeywordorwords、Trytofindthesekeywords、

----Paragraphs2–5:

Disappointment

-----Paragraphs6-8:

Thestudentasperformer;thestudentashumanbeing、

-----Paragraphs9-10:

Perspective

Part1（paragraph1）

Understandingtheparagraph:

1）Whatdoesthispartmainlytalkabout?

2）Whatchangeaboutgradeshastheauthormentionedbriefly?

3）What,accordingtotheauthor,hascausedthefeelingofdisappointment?

4）Hastheauthorstatedhispurposeofwritinginthisparagraph?

Ifyes,whatisit?

Ifnot,whereisitstatedinthetext?

Mainideaofthispart:

Itintroducesthetopicoftheletter:

gradeBforthecourseandthefeelingofdisappointment、

Whatchangeaboutgradeshastheauthormentionedbriefly?

----Theauthorhasmentionedbrieflythechangeinthewaygradesareregarded,i、e、thenormhasshiftedupward、

What,accordingtotheauthor,hascausedthefeelingofdisappointment?

-----Ithastodowiththegeneralsocialclimatewheregradesdetermineeligibilityforgraduateschoolandspecialprograms、Thisiswhytheauthorsaysthereisnothinghecandotoremovethefeelingofdisappointment、

Hastheauthorstatedhispurposeofwritinginthisparagraph?

Ifyes,whatisit?

Ifnot,whereisitstatedinthetext?

-----Thepurposeofwritingtheletterisnotstatedinthisparagraph、Itisnotspecificallymentioneduntilthethirdparagraph、

ØI’mcertainthatnothingIcansaywillremovethatfeelingofdisappointment,particularlyinaclimatewheregradesdetermineeligibilityforgraduateschoolandspecialprogram、（Paragraph1）

Translation:

Ø我肯定无论我说什么都不会消除您得沮丧心情,特别就是在我们生活得环境中,考试分数直接决定您就是否有资格读研究生与申请一些特别得学习项目。

●normn、

1）anacceptedstandardorawayofbehavingordoingthingsthatmostpeopleagreewith

e、g、Youmustadapttothenormsofthesocietyyoulivein、

2）thenorm=asituationortypeofbehaviorthatisexpectedandconsideredtobetypical

e、g、Onechildperfamilyisfastbeingthenorminsomecountries、常态

Derivation:

normala、;normallyad、

normalizev、;normalizationn、

标准,规范

正常得,正规得n、正常;标准;常态

常态

使正常,使标准化

normn、

normala、

normalityn、

normalizev、

过了几天,洪水才退,生活恢复了正常。

Itwasseveraldaysbeforethefloodwatersankandlifereturnedtonormal、

我们得关系正常了。

Ourrelationshiphasbeennormalized、

●shiftvt、&vi、

1）to（causesomethingorsomeoneto）moveorchangefromoneposition

ordirectiontoanother,especiallyslightly（使）移动,（使）转移

2） tochangeasituation,discussionetcbygivingspecialattentiontoone

ideaorsubjectinsteadoftoapreviousone转移〔注意力等〕

3）tochangeopinions转变;改变〔意见、信仰等〕

e、g、Sheshifted（herweight）uneasilyfromonefoottotheother、

她不安地把重心从一只脚转移到另一只脚。

Thewindisexpectedtoshift（totheeast）tomorrow、

TheWhiteHousehopestoshiftthemedia’sattentionawayfrom

foreignpolicyissues、

白宫希望把媒体得注意力从外交政策问题上转移开。

Publicopinionwasbeginningtoshifttotheright

（=beemoreright-wing）公众舆论开始右倾。

Derivation:

shiftn、

shiftlessa、lazyandhavingnointerestinworkinghardortryingto

succeed懒惰得,不求上进得,得过且过得

N、1）ifworkersinafactory,hospitaletcworkshifts,theyworkforaparticularperiodoftimeduringthedayornight,andarethenreplacedbyothers,sothattherearealwayspeopleworking

〔工厂、医院等轮班制中得〕当班时间

✧Iworkshifts、我轮班工作。

✧Ashiftsystemhasbeenintroduced、实行了轮班工作制。

✧do/worka（10-/12-/24-etchour）shift

Davehadtoworka12-hourshiftyesterday、

戴夫昨天要上一个12小时得班。

✧night/dayetcshift

Thethoughtofworkingnightshiftsputheroffbeinganurse、

想到要上夜班,她就打消了当护士得念头。

✧early/lateshift

I’mont