综合英语第二册Unit7讲义.docx

1、综合英语第二册Unit7讲义Unit7 QuoteHistories make men wise; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend、 Francis Bacon历史使人睿智,诗歌使人智慧,数学使人细致,自然哲学使人深邃,道德使人严肃;逻辑与修辞使人善辩。读史使人明智,读诗使人聪慧,演算使人精密,哲理使人深刻,伦理学使人有修养,逻辑修辞使人善辩。史鉴使人明智;诗歌使人巧慧;数学使人精细;博物使人深沉;伦理之学使

2、人庄重;逻辑与修辞使人善辩。4、 Questions about the text -What issues does the writer of the letter intend to deal with? -What is the main idea? -Whats the authors purpose of writing? -How is the text arranged?What issues does the writer of the letter intend to deal with?- How should students regard grades, both g

3、ood and bad? Are grades as important as they are assumed to be? Do good grades necessarily lead to achievements and bad grades result in failure in a students later life?What is the text mainly about?-、The text is mainly about grades , disappointment and attitudes towards them by considering exactly

4、 what the grade B means and doesnt mean、Whats the authors purpose of writing?-to tell his student that he should view his grades and his disappointment correctly、 What type of writing is this essay? -argumentation、 Apart from the first paragraph, the rest of the text falls clearly into three parts,

5、each of which is marked at the beginning by a key word or words、 Try to find these key words、-Paragraphs 25: Disappointment-Paragraphs 6-8: The student as performer; the student as human being、-Paragraphs 9-10: PerspectivePart 1 (paragraph 1)Understanding the paragraph: 1) What does this part mainly

6、 talk about? 2) What change about grades has the author mentioned briefly? 3)What, according to the author, has caused the feeling of disappointment? 4) Has the author stated his purpose of writing in this paragraph? If yes, what is it? If not, where is it stated in the text?Main idea of this part:

7、It introduces the topic of the letter: grade B for the course and the feeling of disappointment、What change about grades has the author mentioned briefly?-The author has mentioned briefly the change in the way grades are regarded, i、e、 the norm has shifted upward、What, according to the author, has c

8、aused the feeling of disappointment?-It has to do with the general social climate where grades determine eligibility for graduate school and special programs、 This is why the author says there is nothing he can do to remove the feeling of disappointment、Has the author stated his purpose of writing i

9、n this paragraph? If yes, what is it? If not, where is it stated in the text?- The purpose of writing the letter is not stated in this paragraph、 It is not specifically mentioned until the third paragraph、 Im certain that nothing I can say will remove that feeling of disappointment, particularly in

10、a climate where grades determine eligibility for graduate school and special program、 (Paragraph 1)Translation: 我肯定无论我说什么都不会消除您得沮丧心情,特别就是在我们生活得环境中,考试分数直接决定您就是否有资格读研究生与申请一些特别得学习项目。 norm n、1) an accepted standard or a way of behaving or doing things that most people agree withe、g、 You must adapt to th

11、e norms of the society you live in、2) the norm = a situation or type of behavior that is expected and considered to be typical e、g、 One child per family is fast being the norm in some countries、 常态Derivation: normal a、; normally ad、normalize v、 ; normalization n、标准,规范正常得,正规得 n、正常;标准;常态常态使正常,使标准化norm

12、 n、 normal a、normality n、normalize v、过了几天,洪水才退,生活恢复了正常。It was several days before the floodwater sank and life returned to normal、我们得关系正常了。Our relationship has been normalized、 shift vt、& vi、1) to (cause something or someone to) move or change from one position or direction to another, especially sl

13、ightly(使)移动,(使)转移2) to change a situation, discussion etc by giving special attention to one idea or subject instead of to a previous one 转移注意力等3)to change opinions 转变;改变意见、信仰等e、g、 She shifted (her weight) uneasily from one foot to the other、 她不安地把重心从一只脚转移到另一只脚。 The wind is expected to shift (to the

14、 east) tomorrow、 The White House hopes to shift the medias attention away from foreign policy issues、 白宫希望把媒体得注意力从外交政策问题上转移开。 Public opinion was beginning to shift to the right (= bee more right-wing ) 公众舆论开始右倾。Derivation: shift n、shiftless a、 lazy and having no interest in working hard or trying to

15、 succeed懒惰得,不求上进得,得过且过得N、 1) if workers in a factory, hospital etc work shifts, they work for a particular period of time during the day or night, and are then replaced by others, so that there are always people working 工厂、医院等轮班制中得当班时间 I work shifts、 我轮班工作。 A shift system has been introduced、实行了轮班工作制。 do/work a (10-/12-/24- etc hour) shift Dave had to work a 12-hour shift yesterday、 戴夫昨天要上一个12小时得班。 night/day etc shift The thought of working night shifts put her off being a nurse、 想到要上夜班,她就打消了当护士得念头。 early/late shift Im on t