河南专升本最新英语语法课堂讲义Word格式文档下载.docx
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Were
he
toinvite
was
不会出现在虚拟语气的正确选项中
（强调行为在将来发生的可能性小）
真实：
Hewillprobablynotinvitemetomorrow,soIwillnotgotohisparty.
小结：
was、may不会出现在虚拟语气中。
Should
出现在主句中，主语一定是I或we，而would\could\might不受人称的限制.
★★2.表示对过去的虚拟:
hadinvited
meyesterday,I
wouldhavebeen
（表示与过去发生事实相反）
Hedidnotinvitemeyesterday，soIdidnotgotohisparty.
IfI
hadfollowed
youradvicelastyear,
acollegestudent.
IfIhadnot
followed
youradvicelastweek.
Iwouldhavemissedthetrain.
对比：
Hadn’t
yourproposal,
错误
Had
notfollowed
正确
Iwouldhavefailedthefinalexam.
3表示对现在的虚拟：
menow,
（表示与现在发生事实的相反）
Hedoesnotinviteme
，soIdonotgotohisparty
二，含蓄条件句。
（butfor
，without）
1
Butfor
yourhelp，I
wouldhavefailed
intheexam.
2
Without
waternow,
there
wouldnotbe
livingthings.
★★三混合虚拟语气
过去+现在
Ifyou
myadvice
you
wouldbe
acollegestudent
now.
myadvicelastyear.
myadvicelastyear,
______
A
Bwouldbe
IfIwereyou，
从句现在
Iwouldhavecomeback.
主句过去
2）_____musthavedone，or/orelse/otherwise,_
stayed
inhospitallastweek,
or
wouldhavemet
himatthemeeting.
变体：
He
busypreparingthefinalexam,
wouldhavegiven
youmuchhelp.
==Hemusthavebeenbusypreparingthefinalexam,orhewouldhavegivenyoumuchhelp.
Ifhehadnotpreparedthefinalexam，hewouldhavegivenyoumuchhelp.
3）wouldhavedone+but后面是对过去发生的事实的描述。
wouldhavevisited
youlastnight,
butI
had
anunexpectedvisitor.
hadnothad
anunexpectedvisitor,I
youlastnight.
四
If条件句中的倒装结构（主句不倒装，从句要倒装）
1.表示对将来的虚拟的倒装
invite
would
gotohisparty.
表示对过去的虚拟的倒装
invitedmeyesterday,
Iwouldhavebeentohisparty.
3表示对现在的虚拟的倒装
menow,
Iwouldgotohisparty.
freenow,
第二节固定结构中的虚拟语气（固定结构中的虚拟语气表达的都是说话人的一种良好愿望）
一.Itis（about/high）timethat+从句
Itisabouttimewehadclass.
ItistimewepreparedtheZSBentranceexam.
二wish+（不可实现的）
一般过去时（现在）
过去完成时（过去）
Should/would+动词原形（将来）
Iwishhe
were
tenyearsold.
Wewishhe
withusforever.
AmericanwishObama
could
solvethe
financialcrisis.（金融危机）
IwishI
toParis
lastweek.
hadnotlost
mybike.
Hewisheshe
gotocollege
nextyear.
三.ifonly译为：
要是…就好了Ifonly可与wish互换
一般过去时
Ifonly+过去完成时
should/would+原形
Ifonlyhe
IfonlyObama
Paris
注：
Ifonly
meyesterday,
wouldrather,wouldsooner,
wouldassoon,
haddone过去did
现在
did
将来
Iwouldrather
stay
homeforthetimebeingthan
workoutside.
Iwouldratheryou
homeforthetimebeing.
般过去时（对现在虚拟）
过去完成时（对过去的虚拟）
would（should,could）+动词原形（对将来的虚拟）
五.asif/asthough
仿佛，好像
evenif/eventhough即使
Sheordersme
around
asifI
herhusband.
Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit
broken.
treated
asif
werehisownson.
他对待我像是亲儿子。
Somemetalslookatfirstsightasthoughthey
gold.
Helookedasifhewereanartist.
HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhehadstudiedEnglishintheU.S.
Evenifhewerehere,hecouldnotsolvetheproblem.
Shelooksasif/thoughshewereill.
六.incase;
forfearthat;
lest
以防，以免
Incase+（should）+动词原形
forfearthat+（should）+动词原形
lest+（should）+动词原形
Takeanumbrellawithyou
incase
it
rain.
rains
Myparentsalwaysputthecandlesintheroom
lest
should
bepowerfailure.
IalwaystakenewspaperwithmewhenIgotoseethedoctor
shouldwait.
七.在表示请求、建议、命令、坚持等动词后面的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，构成是（should）+动词原形，should可省，但that不可省略.
require
request
demand
请求
suggest
advise
propose
recommend（推荐）建议
order
command
direct命令
insist
坚持
desire渴望
suggested
thatwe
（should）have
ameeting.
thatameeting______.
beheld
Bhold
本结构中从句的时间状语不影响谓语动词的构成
八.在表示请求、建议、命令、坚持等动词派生的名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中用虚拟语气时，构成是（should）+动词原形，should可省略，that不能省。
requirement
demand
suggestion
advice
proposalrecommendation
direction
insistence
desire
Hesuggested
thatameeting（should）beheld.
Hissuggestion
is
Hemadeasuggestion
九.
在以下结构中用虚拟语气（主语从句）
在Itis
suggested/advised/recommended/proposed/required/demanded/ordered/
commanded/insisted/desiredthat+从句，从句中用虚拟语气，构成是should+V原形，should可以省略，that不能省略。
thatameetingshould
beheld.
Itissuggested
thatameetingshouldbeheld.
Itwas
Iateanapple.
Anapplewaseaten.
His
thatameeting（should）beheld.
delay
postpone
Itwassuggestedthatameeting（should）beheld.
十.Itis
important/necessary/strangethat+从句，从句中用虚拟语气，构成是should+V原形，should可以省略，that不能省略。
Itisof
necessity
thatweshould
memorize
2000wordswithintwomonths.
Itis
necessary
IthinkEnglishiseasy.
IthinkEnglisheasy.
Ithinkitis
important
thatweshouldmemorize2000words.
Ithinkit
第二讲
从句课堂讲义
一
五种基本的句式结构
句法结构词法结构
主语+谓语
Theproblem
arose.
主语
谓语
came
.
主语+谓语+宾语
ate
anapple.
likes
her.
Theteacherlikes
music.
谓语
宾语
3
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
Johnbought
Alice
acar.
Hebought
her
it.
tellbuygive
showdeny
offer
4
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
think
English
easy.
adj.
isthought
considerbelieve
5
主语+
系+
表语
ateacher.
Theflower
red.
Themixturetastes
terrible.
系动词的分类
1.be动词----amisarewaswere
+n./adj.
2感官动词：
tastelooksoundsmellfeel+adj.
carpet
towel
Theblanketfeelssmooth.
3表变化动词：
turngetgogrow
+adj
become
+adj/n.
Herfaceturns/becomesred.
Hebecameateacher.
Itgetswarm.
Heshruggedhisshoulders,sayingno
4表示保持：
keep
remain
Thefrogremainsmovelessinwinter.
词法结构小结：
主语----n.pron.
谓语----v
宾语----n.pron.
宾补/
主补---adj.
表语----n.adj.
系-----系动词
注一：
动词的分类:
实意动词
及物动词
vt
不及物动词
govi
情态动词
canmaymust
cando
it.
单独不能构成谓语
必须和实意动词构成复合谓语
助动词
dowillhavehasbe
willdo
系动词
注:
therebe
结构
Therearebooksonthedesk.
Therewill
be
ameetingnextweek.
Wewill
have
ameetingnextweek.
Therebeing
ameetingnextweek，___
Having
ameetingnextweek，_____
thereis==thereexists
thereare==thereexist
therewas/were==thereexisted
seemsto
be____
seemto
二
简单句
并列句
主从复合句
1简单句
定语
The
red
flower
ismine.
定语
Ilikethe
spacious
hall.
Hecametothe
blue
room.
Heisan
excellent
violinist.
Iliketheflower
onthedesk.
介宾结构
Hegaveusthesolution
totheproblem.
Thelegs
ofthedesk
areallbroken.
Weshouldhelpthepeople
inthedisasterareas.
answerthequestion
Inmyopinion,
Inmyviewpoint,
Inmypointofview,
AsfarasIamconcerned,discussionis
agoodsolutiontotheproblem.
AsfarasIamconcerned,discussionisagoodwayofsolvingtheproblem.
Thesolutionstotheproblem
Theanswertothequestion
answerfor
Mydreamofpassthepostgraduateexamisfarfromme.
Computersplayanimportantrole/partinourdailylife.
a/an+n
helplessly
状语
Hereadthebook
carefully
intheclassroom
yesterday.
方式
地点
时间
状
语
副词
介宾结构
名词
Yesterday
hereadthebook
intheclassroom.
then.
Hecame
early.
havetakeget
Computer
has
averyimportant
function
inourdailylife.
Computers
play
a
veryimportant
role/
part
early.
sometimes
onoccasion
occasionally
nowandthen
havetakeget
haveaveryimportantfunctioninourdailylife.
英语中的介宾结构：
to/theroom.
地点状语
Hevisitedme
withaflower.
方式状语
6
of/importance.
2。
形合—外形/结构的完整性
意合—意思的完整性
我喜欢音乐，
我老师也喜欢音乐，
昨天我们去听音乐会了。
Ilikemusic，andmyteacherlikesmusic,too，and
Yesterdaywewenttoconce
升级会员 