组织行为学双语教学英语部分练习题以及答案Word文档格式.docx

组织行为学双语教学英语部分练习题以及答案Word文档格式.docx

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7.Scientificmanagementinvolvesthestudyofworkprocessestomakethemmoreefficient.

8.Efficiencyandqualitycanbeimprovedbystudyingworkprocesses.

9.Administrativemanagementproposesthatamanager’sjobincludethebasicfunctionsofplanning,organizing,commanding,coordinatingandcontrolling.

10.Organizationscouldreduceconflictbygettingemployeesandmanagersfocusedonsharedgoals.

ShortAnswerQuestions

1._____________consistsoftheactionsandinteractionsofindividualsandgroupsinorganizations.

Answer:

organizationalbehavior（OB）

2.Asocialentitythatisgoaldirectedanddeliberatelystructuredisknownasa（n）_____________.

organization

3._____________isaschoolofmanagementthatinvolvesdevelopingastandardmethodforperformingeachjob,trainingworkers,andofferingwageincentives.

scientificmanagement

4.The_____________schoolofmanagementexploreswaysmanagerscaninfluenceproductivitythroughhumanrelations.

humanrelations

EssayQuestions

1.Describethevariousmanagementschoolsofthought.

•Scientificmanagement—developedastandardmethodforperformingeachjob,trainedworkersinthestandard,eliminatedinterruptions,andofferedwageincentives.

•Administrativemanagement—identifiedwhatstructuredwouldbemostefficientinagivenenvironmentandadvocatedputtingpoliciesandproceduresintowriting.

•Humanrelationsschool—exploredwaymanagerscouldinfluenceproductivitybyestablishingpositiverelationshipswithemployees.

•Managementscience—appliesscientificmethodandmathematicalmodelstomanagementproblems.

•Opensystems—describesorganizationsassystemsthatinteractwiththeirenvironment,transforminginputsintooutputs.

•Sustainedcompetitiveadvantage—focusesonthemeansorganizationscancreatetosustainanadvantageovercompetitors.

2.OutlinetheassumptionsaboutemployeesidentifiedasTheoryXandTheoryY.

•TheoryXassumesworkersdisliketheirworkandmustbecoercedintodoingit.

•TheoryYassumesthatworkisanaturalpartofemployees’livesandthatemployeeswillbeindustriousandcreativeiftheyarecommittedtotheirwork.

3.IdentifyanddiscussfivecorevaluesofTotalQualityManagement.

TherearetencorevalueswithdescriptionsofferedinExhibit1.3,page15.Usethistabletoguideyourgradingofthequestion.

4.Identifyanddiscussthefourmanagementfunctions.Whichfunctionismostimportantandwhy?

Planning—definesgoalsanddetermineshowtoachievethem

Organizing—assignstasks,delegatesresponsibility,andallocatesresources.

Leading—useofinfluencetoinspireandempowerotherstoworktowardtheorganizationalgoals.

Controlling—measuresperformancetoitsobjectives.

Themostimportantfunctionisplanningbecauseitinfluencesalltheotherfunctionsinhoweachfunctionisadministrated.

Chapter2

IndividualDifferences

1.Productivity,innovativeness,creativity,andotherorganizationaloutcomesareinfluencedbyhowemployeesbehave.

2.Peopleareanorganization’smostvaluableresourceandareleastlikelytocauseproblems.

3.Individualdifferencesdonotinfluencewhetherapersonwillbeabletosuccessfullyperformajob.

4.Apsychologicalcontractdescribeswhatanemployerexpectsfromtheemployeeandwhattheemployeewillcontributebasedontheseexpectations.

5.Apsychologicalcontractoutlineswhatanemployeeexpectstocontributeandwhattheorganizationwillprovidetotheemployeeforthesecontributions.

6.Psychologicalcontractsarenegotiatedandwrittendownastermsofemployment.

7.Ifanorganizationviolatesthepsychologicalcontract,employeesatisfaction,trustanddesiretostaywiththeorganizationgoesdown.

8.Psychologicalcontractsintoday’sworkenvironmentemphasizejobsecurityfortheemployee.

9.Psychologicalcontractsintoday’sworkenvironmentemphasizeemployeecareermanagementanddevelopment.

10.Ifanemployeeisstrugglinginajob,themanagershouldreshapethejob.

1.__________________areanorganization’smostvaluableresource.

PeoplePage:

89

2.__________________arecharacteristicsthatvaryfromonepersontoanother.

IndividualdifferencesPage:

3.Whatanemployeeexpectstocontributeandwhattheorganizationwillprovidetotheemployeefortheircontributionsisknownas__________________.

PsychologicalcontractPage:

90

4.Theextenttowhichaperson’sabilityandpersonalitymatchtherequirementsofajobiscalled__________________.

Person-jobfitPage:

93

5.When__________________ispoor,jobsneedtoberestructuredoremployeesneedtobereplaced.

94

6.__________________referstothematchbetweenanindividual’spersonality,goals,andvaluesandtheorganizationculture.

Person-organizationfitPage:

1.Explaincognitiveabilityanddefineitsthreespecificdimensions.

•Cognitiveabilityreferstoanindividual’scapacitytothinkandanalyzeinformation.Threedimensionsareverbalcomprehension,quantitativeability,reasoningability.

•Verbalcomprehensionreferstoaperson’scapacitytounderstandandusewrittenandspokenlanguage.

•Quantitativeabilityreferstoanindividual’sspeedandaccuracyinsolvingmathproblems.

•Reasoningabilityreferstoanindividual’scapacitytosolvedifferenttypesofproblems

Level:

1

2．WhatarecognitivestylesandexplainthefourdimensionsoftheMyersBriggsTypeIndicator.

•Cognitivestylesaredifferentwaysindividualsperceiveandprocessinformation.Thefourdimensionsare

•Energy（Introversionvs.Extroversion）determineswhereindividualsgaininterpersonalstrengthandstimulation.Extrovertsgainenergythroughotherswhileintrovertsfocusonpersonalthoughtsandfeelings.

•Informationgatheringrelatestotheactionindividualstakewhenmakingdecisions.Sensingfocusonfactsanddetailsandintuitivefocuslessonfactsandmoreontherelationshipsbetweenideas.

•Decisionmakingrelatestohowmuchconsiderationapersongivestoothers’feelings.Thinkingfocusonbeingobjectivewhilefeelingsareconsideredhowthedecisionimpactsothers.

•Lifestylerelatestoanindividual’stendencytobeflexibleandadaptive.Judgingfocusongoalsandislessflexiblewhileperceivingdislikesdeadlines.

3.Whatisemotionalintelligenceandoutlineanddiscussthreeofitscomponents.

•Emotionalintelligenceistheabilitytoaccuratelyperceive,evaluate,express,andregulateemotionsandfeelings.Thefivecomponentsarelistedinexhibit3.7,p.102.Usetheexhibittoassistwithgradingthefivecomponents.

4.Explainthelearningprocess.Identifyandexplainonetypeoflearningstyleandindicatethetypeoflikelyoccupationsthosewiththislearningstylemighthave.

•Thelearningprocessgoesfromaconcreteexperiencetoreflectiveobservationtoabstractconceptualizationtoactiveexperimentation.Theresultsoftheexperimentationgeneratenewexperiencesandthecycleoutlinedaboverepeatsitself.Asforonelearningstyleuseexhibit3.9,p.105toassistingradingthequestion.

5.Whatareinstrumentalandterminalvalues?

Howdovaluesandattitudesrelate?

•Instrumentalvaluesarebeliefsaboutthetypesofbehaviorthatareappropriateforreachinggoals.

•Terminalvaluesarebeliefsaboutwhichoutcomesareworthtryingtoachieve.

•Attitudesareconsideredtohavethreecomponents:

cognition,feelings,andbehavior.Thecognitioncomponentincludesthebeliefsandvaluesofaperson.Therefore,one’sattitudeisusuallygroundedinone’sbeliefsorvalues.

Chapter3

PerceptionandAttribution

1.Theperceptionprocessbeginswithattention.

2.Theorganizationstageofperceptionbeginswhenapersonpaysattentiontoastimulusandthenbeginstomakesenseofit.

3.Apersonwhousestheclosuremechanismfororganizingstimulimightoverhearonesideofaphoneconversationandislikelytoimaginetheoverallcontentoftheconversation.

4.Whenapersonperceivessensorydatainacontinuouspattern,theyareusingthecontinuitymechanismfororganizingstimuli.

5.Apersonwhousesthecontinuitymechanismfororganizingstimulimightoverhearonesideofaphoneconversationandislikelytoimaginetheoverallcontentoftheconversation.

6.Whenapersonperceivessensorydatainacontinuouspattern,theyareusingtheclosuremechanismfororganizingstimuli.

7.Whenpeopleorganizestimuli,theyoftenuseframesofreferencecalledschemas.

8.Ifmanagersreviewsalariesandemployeeperformanceatthesametime,employeesperceivethetworeviewsasbeinginproximity.

9.Whenemployeesbringtheirownscripttoagivensituation,itwillreducethepossibilityofmisunderstandings.

10.Aprototypeisaschemathatsummarizeswhatwehavelearnedaboutcategori