步步高英语一轮复习知识排查突破人教新课标book4Unit2文档格式.docx
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流传→circulationn.循环
16.commentn.评论;
议论vi.&
vt.表达意见;
作出评论
17.keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影响;
伤害等);
使……不含(有害物)
18.chemicaladj.化学的;
关于化学的→chemistryn.化学→chemistn.化学家;
药剂师
19.productionn.生产;
制造→producevt.生产;
制造→productn.产品;
产物→productiveadj.生产的;
有生产能力的;
富有成效的→producern.生产者;
制片人
20.personalityn.性格;
个性;
人格→personaladj.个人的;
身体的;
亲自的→personallyadv.亲自地;
当面;
个别地;
就自己而言
21.equipvt.&
vi.配备;
装备→equipmentn.设备(不可数)
22.confusevt.使迷惑;
使为难→confusingadj.令人迷惑的→confusedadj.感到迷惑的→confusionn.迷惑
23.occupationn.工作;
职业;
占领→occupyvt.占领;
占据
24.hungern.饥饿;
欲望vt.&
vi.(使)饥饿→hungryadj.饿的
25.disturbingadj.引起烦恼的;
令人不安的→disturbedadj.扰乱的;
精神失常的→disturbvt.扰乱;
打扰
26.freedomn.自由;
自主→freeadj.自由的;
免费的→freelyadv.自由地;
随意地
27.discoveryn.发现;
发觉→discovervt.发现;
发觉;
观察,观测
28.exportvt.&
vi.输出;
出口→importvt.&
vi.(反义词)输入;
进口
29.summaryn.总结;
摘要;
概要→summarizevt.总结;
摘要
必背经典句式
1.Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?
如果这样的话,你做了些什么来种植这些植物?
2.YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.
袁隆平种植了被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
3.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.
用他的杂交水稻种子,农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。
4.In1973,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.
1973年,他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
5.Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
构词记忆
acquaintance/ə′kweIntəns/n.1.[C]&
[U]熟悉;
熟知 2.[C]相识的人;
熟人
allowance/ə′laʊəns/n.[C]津贴;
补贴;
零用钱
appearance/ə′pIərəns/n.1.[多作不可数名词]出现 2.[C]&
[U]外观;
外貌
assistance/ə′sIstəns/n.[U]帮助;
协助;
援助
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
A.语境填词
1.Takingadeepbreathcanreduce(减少)stress.Ifyoufeelstressful,tryit.
2.Heregretted(后悔)thathewascarelessanddidn’tpasstheexam.
3.Ifyoukeepstayinginthesunforalongtime,you’llgetsunburnt(晒黑的).
4.Pleaserepeat.Ihaven’tenteredyournameandoccupation(职业)yet.
5.Shebecamethefocus(焦点)ofattentionimmediatelysheturnedup.
6.TheoldwomanisdeterminedtolearnhowtousetheInternettoexpand(扩大)herbusinessandreachaglobalmarket.
7.Afterall,thedoctorpatientrelationshipisbasedontrust,andtherefore(因此)honestyisessential.
8.Hehadsomedisturbing(烦恼的)experiencewhenhestayedinthecountry.
9.Hedesignedamachinetocirculate(循环)warmair.
10.Chinaexports(出口)productstomanyforeigncountries.
B.用所给词的适当形式填空
11.Nowadayswomenhavemorefreedom.Theycanbefreetodoanythingtheywanttodo.(free)
12.Theschoolhasmuchmodernteachingequipment.Andtheclassroomsareallequippedwithnewdesks.(equip)
13.Hecouldn’twalkanyfurtherbecauseofhunger.Asyouknow,youcan’tdoanythingifyouarehungry.(hungry)
14.Hewasreallyconfusedbytheconfusingproblemwhichalsoconfusedotherpeopleforalongtime.(confuse)
15.Peoplewhocirculatefalsenewsthatthismagazinehasasmallcirculationaretoblame.(circulate)
16.Manychemistsareworkinginthechemistryfactorytomakechemicalfertilizers.(chemistry)
17.Beforewritingasummaryofthepassage,youhavetoreaditandsummarizeitsmainidea.(summary)
18.Inordertoreduceproductioncosts,thecarproducerintendedtoproducethecarinlargequantities.(produce)
Ⅱ.短语运用
A.用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空
19.Itisnoteasytoridoneselfofabadhabit.
20.Withalltheattentionfocusedonher,thelittlegirlfeltveryembarrassed.
21.Thecomposerneitherworriednorcaredaboutpublicopinion.
22.Freshairandexercisearegoodforthehealth.
23.Iwasthankfultobefreeoftheproblem.
24.PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuildupone’sstrength,butalsodevelopone’scharacter.
25.Asweallknow,itishumanactivitythathasledtotheglobalwarming.
26.Hegotthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.Histeacherwassatisfiedwithhisperformance.
B.用方框内所给短语填空
27.Igotupveryearlywiththehopeofcatchingtheearlybusyesterday.
28.Theplaysucceededthankstofineactingbyallthecast.
29.Iwouldratherstayathomeanddosomereadingthisevening.
30.Inaddition,dailytravelallowanceis
50each.
31.ThedoctortoldmeIwasinneedofagoodrest.
Ⅲ.经典句式
32.Doyouhaveanumbrella?
Ifnot,I’lllendyoumine.
你带伞了吗?
如果没有,把我的借给你。
33.ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbethreetimesasbigasthepresentone.
正在为下一届亚运会建设的体育场将是现在的三倍大。
34.Iwasthefirstinmyfamilytogotocollege.
我是我们家第一个大学生。
35.Thecoloroftheflowerisdifferentfromwhatitwasinthemorning.这朵花的颜色与它早晨时的不同。
36.Ratherthanrefusetohelpyou,Iwouldborrowmoneyfrommyfriends.
我宁可向朋友借钱,也不愿拒绝帮助你。
1equipv.配备;
装备;
使有所准备;
使有能力
[应试指导] 过去分词作状语的考查
equip...with...用……装备……
equipsb.fordoingsth.使某人为做某事而准备
equipsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事
beequippedtodosth.使某人有准备做某事
apieceofequipment一件设备
Ownersofrestaurantswouldhavetoequipthemtoadmitdisabledpeople.
餐厅老板将必须在餐厅里配备能够接待残疾人的设施。
Abasictwohourfirstaidcoursewouldequipyoutodealwithanyoftheseincidents.
两小时的基础急救课程能够让你有能力处理这类事件。
[夯实基础]
(1)语法填空
①Theyequippedthemselveswithapairofsharpaxesandsetofffortheforest.
②Shewasfullyequippedfortheclimbing.
③Youreducationwillequipyouforyourfuturelife.
(2)Theyareequippedwithnewscientificfarmingmethods,sotheyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.
Equippedwithnewscientificfarmingmethods,theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
2confusevt.使迷惑;
使为难
[应试指导] 非谓语动词句法功能的考查
confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆
be/getconfusedwith/about对……感到困惑
confusingadj.令人困惑的
inconfusion处于混乱状态
Ican’tseehowanyonecouldconfuseyouwithanother!
我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混!
ThingswerehappeningtooquicklyandBrianwasconfused.
事情发生得太快,把布赖恩给弄糊涂了。
(1)用confuse的适当形式填空
①Thisisaveryconfusingexperience.
②Wefeltconfusedwiththedifficultquestion.
③Theuncertaintycreatedbythissituationmusthavecausedyoumuchconfusion.
④Whatconfusedusmostwastheresult.
(2)Hewasconfusedwiththepresentsituationsohedidn’tknowwhattodonext.
Confusedwiththepresentsituation,hedidn’tknowwhattodonext.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句子)
3regretvt.懊悔;
后悔;
遗憾feelsorryabout;
n.痛惜;
懊悔;
遗憾
[应试指导] 后跟非谓语动词作宾语的考查
regretdoing/havingdone...后悔做了……
regrettosay/tell/inform...遗憾地说/告诉/通知……
withgreat/deepregret很遗憾
toone’sregret令某人遗憾的是
feelregretfor为……感到遗憾
expressregretat/for/over对……表示遗憾
IregrettotellyouthatIcan’ttraveltoBeijingtogetherwithyouattheappointedtime.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你一起去北京了。
(山东·
写作)
语法填空
(1)Jerrydidnotregretgiving/havinggiven(give)thecommentbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.
(2)Iregrettoinform(inform)youthatyou’redismissed.
(3)Ireallyfeelregretforwhathappened.
(4)Toourregret,wemissedthefinalbus.
4focusv.集中;
聚焦;
n.中心点;
焦点
[多词一义] focuson,fixon,concentrateon,fastenon,putone’sheartinto,beabsorbedin,applyoneselfto
focus...on/upon...把……集中于……
bring...intofocus使……成为焦点
infocus对准焦点;
清晰
outoffocus没对准焦点;
不清晰
Inpursuingadream,wemightfocusononlyonewayofmakingitcometrue,forgettingthattheremaybealternatives.
在追求梦想的过程中,我们可能仅仅集中于使梦想实现的一种方法上,而忘了还有另外的方法。
(北京·
开放作文)
①Thechildren’sfacesarebadlyoutoffocusinthephotograph.
②Bringthesubjectintofocusifyouwanttohaveagoodpicture.
③Withhisattentionfocused(focus)onhishomework,heforgotallaboutwhatIhadtoldhim.
④Havingfocused(focus)hisattentiononurgentproblems,hehardlyhastimetoplaygameswithyou.
(2)他集中精力学习。
(一句多译)
①Hefocusedhisattentiononhisstudy.(focus)
②Hefixedhisattentiononhisstudy.(fix)
③Hewasabsorbedinhisstudy.(absorb)
④Heappliedhimselftohisstudy.(apply)
⑤Heconcentratedhisattentiononhisstudy.(concentrate)
5avoidv.避免;
防止;
回避
[应试指导] 后跟非谓语动词句法功能的考查
avoiddoing...避免做……
avoidableadj.可避免的
unavoidableadj.不能避免的;
无法逃避的
Toavoidsuchconflicts,weshouldbekindtooneanother,whichisessentialtoenjoyaharmoniouslife.
为了避免这样的冲突,我们应该友好待人,这对于和谐生活非常重要。
(江苏·
书面表达)
Manydeathsfromheartdiseaseareactuallyavoidable.
许多因心脏病造成的死亡实际上是可以避免的。
[联想记忆]
常用动名词作宾语的动词:
admit承认,advise建议,allow允许,avoid避免,consider考虑,delay推迟,enjoy喜欢,escape逃脱,finish完成,imagine想象,include包括,keep保持,mind介意,miss错过,permit允许,practise练习,risk冒险,suggest建议
(1)Thebirdwasluckyenoughtoescapebeingshot(shoot).
(2)Whereverpossible,technicaltermsshouldavoidbeingused(use).
(3)Hepractisesspeaking(speak)Englisheverymorning.
(4)“I’msorrybutitwasnotavoidable(avoid),”Isaid.
6commentn.议论,评论argument;
解释explanation;
批评,指责criticism;
v.表达意见;
发表评论expressanopinion
[应试指导] Nocomment!
在交际用语中的应用
makecommentson/upon对……发表评论
nocomment无可奉告
commenton/upon评论,评说
Hemadesomecommentsontherecentdevelopment.
他对最近的发展做了一些评论。
Sofar,Mr.Cookhasnotcommentedonthesereports.
到目前为止,库克先生仍未就这些报道发表评论。
(1)Idon’tfeelIcancommentontheirdecision.
(2)Idon’tfeelIcanmakecommentsontheirdecision.
(3)Commenting(comment)onotherstoomuchdoesnogood.
7leadto导致;
造成后果;
通往goinaparticulardirection
[多词一义] leadto,cause,resultin,bringabout,giveriseto,contributeto
leadsb.todo...使某人做……
leadsb.to...带某人去……
leadtheway带路
leadsb.bythenose牵着某人的鼻子走
inthelead领先;
处于首位
takethelead带头;
领先
Notfarawaythereisabridgethatcanleadhimtothetreeformorefruit.
不远处有一座桥可以让他到达树旁摘到更多的水果。
InclassIwilldividethestudentsintosmallgroupsandleadthemtopracticespeakingEnglishinaninterestingway.
在课堂上我会把学生分成小组用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。
(天津·
(1)根据汉语提示完成句子
Wi