高三英语定语从句复习题Word格式文档下载.docx
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先行词为人的话用whom);
(3)当先行词为集体名词时,着眼于整体,用which(如着眼于各个成员,用who);
Behindthecoachwalkthefootballteam,whowereallwearinguniforms
注:
(非限制性定语从句里)先行词为表示职业的名词时用which而不是who;
Jack’sfatherwasapilotbeforehewasretired,whichJackalwayswantstobe.
(4)先行词后有插入语时,用which而不用that;
在分隔式定语从句中也
用which;
ThisisthediscoverywhichIthinkisofgreatimportanceinhistory.
ThedaysaregonewhichIspenttogetherwithmycousins.
考点3:
先行词为人时,只用who/whom的情况:
(1)当先行词为one,he,those,anyone及people并且前面那些代词指人时;
Thosewhobreakthelawwillbepunished.
Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.
Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.
(2)表示人的先行词后有插入语时及在分隔式定语从句中先行词为人的话用who/whom而不用that;
Thisistheboywhoeverybodyknowshaswonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.
Anewteacherwill
cometomorrowwhowillteachyoumaths.
考点4:
先行词为人时,只用that的情况:
(1)主句中有疑问词who时,为避免重复;
WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoMr.Smithatthegate?
(2)在限制性定语从句中,当先行词在定语从句中作表语时,只用that;
Sheisn’tthelittlegirlthatshewas20yearsago.
考点5:
由as引导的定语从句的几种常见情况:
(1)as引导非限制性定语从句,说明整个主句的内容,可置于句首或句中。
有“正如”之意(asismentioned/shown/known,asisthecase,asfollows等),而which则没有此意,并且which只能用于逗号后面;
(2)as表示“正如”,所以当从句中表示否定时或有否定前缀时,用which而不用as:
Heislateagain,whichwasnotexpected.
(3)thesame…..that…(同一物)与thesame…..as…(相似物)区别(但注意分析成分)
Iwanttobuythesamecomputer____youareusing,forit’ssolovely.
Thisisthesamepen______Ilost.Look,thereismynameonit.
Hereturnedtothesameplace_____hehadwitnessedtheaccident.
(4)so/such….as…与so/such….that区别:
前者为定语从句,as作关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,后者为结果状语从句,从句中主、宾或表完整;
考点6:
当way作先行词时,在从句中作状语时,可用that,inwhich或省略引导定语从句;
当reason作先行词时,在从句中作状语时,用why/forwhich;
句型:
Thereasonwhy/forwhich…..isthat……….
考点7:
当先行词situation,case,point(地步),job,condition,scene,activity,system,address,strategy(策略),scene(场景,场面),platform,project等在从句中作状语时,常用where引导定从。
occasion,phase(阶段,时期),interval,break(短暂休息),period,time,age,stay(逗留)在从句中作状语时用when;
Istillrememberthescenewherepeoplewereeatenbythetigers.
考点8:
介词from后可接where表示“从某个地方”,since后可跟when”自从…时候起”
Heisstandingontopofthebuilding,fromwherehecangetabetterviewofthecity.
考点9:
定语从句中谓语动词为不及物动词如:
lie/stay/live/sit/stand等时,那么这些词前面应用where或介词+which来表示地点,实际上是全倒装结构中的地点状语置于句首这种情况;
I’llgotoGuangzhoutospendmysummerholidays,wherelivemyparentsandsisters.
考点10:
定语从句中一致性原则:
(1)当先行词为oneofthe+复数名词时,并且在定语从句中充当主语时,定语从句的谓动用复数;
当先行词为the(only)oneofthe+复数名词时,定语从句的谓动用第三人称单数形式;
Heisoneofthestudentswhowanttoapplyfortheposition.
Heisthe(only)oneofthestudentswhowantstoapplyfortheposition.
(2)句型:
Thosewhowanttogoforapicnicmustgettothegateby6:
10.
Anyonewhowantstogoforapicnicmustgettothegateby6:
I,whoamyourbestfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouwhenyou’reintrouble.
考点11:
区分句型:
Asisknowntoall,/It’sknowntoallthat/What’sknowntoallisthat
考点12:
标点:
(区分非限制性定语从句、句子结束、停顿、并列及非谓语结构)
在下列横线上填whom,them:
(1)Hehastwosisters,bothof______arelivingabroad.
(2)Hehastwosisters;
bothof______arelivingabroad.
(3)Hehastwosistersandbothof_____arelivingabroad.
(4)Hehastwosisters.Bothof______arelivingabroad.
(5)Hehastwosisters,bothof_____livingabroad.
注意:
关注句子谓语部分是否完整来确定是定语从句还是短语(非句子)进而选择关系代词who,whom,which等或人称代词them,us等;
或关注人称代词或关系代词来选择非谓语部分或是完整谓语结构;
(6)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_______translatedintoaforeignlanguage.(them/which)
(7)Wegotnearagarden,itsowner________init.(sitting/wassitting)
考点13:
介词+关系代词中几个特定的介词
degree/extent----–tosituation/case-----in
point/temperature/speed/rate/-----
--atoccasion–-----on
二、实战演练
1.I’mverygratefultomyhighschoolteachers,without________helpIwouldn’tbesoexcellent.
A.theirB.whomC.whoseD.which
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。
句意:
我非常感谢我的高中老师,没有他们的帮助,我不会这么优秀。
“without_____________helpIwouldn’tbesoexcellent.”是一个定语从句,先行词是“myhighschoolteachers”,关系词在从句中作定语,故选C。
2.It’sstronglyadvisedthatsmokersnotbeallowedtosmokeinanyroom________babiescurrentlyoccupy.
A.whereB.whoseC.thatD.as
【解析】考查定语从句。
强烈建议不允许吸烟者在婴儿目前占用的任何房间吸烟。
“________babiescurrentlyoccupy.”是一个定语从句,先行词是“anyroom”,关系词在从句中作宾语,指物,故选C。
3.ManyteacherslikesurfingtheInternet,________theymayfindalotofusefulvideosaboutteaching.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that
【答案】B
许多老师喜欢上网,在网上他们可能会发现很多有用的教学视频。
这是个定语从句,先行词是“theInternet”,表地点,从句缺少状语,因此可以判定使用“where”引导,故选B。
4.Ascientist’sattempttoproducetheworld’sfirstgene-editedbabies_____areimmunetoHIVhassparkedcontroversyinacademiaandthepublic.
A.asB.whoC.whomD.whose
句意为:
一位科学家试图培育出世界上首个对HIV有免疫力的基因编辑婴儿,这在学术界和公众中引发了争议。
定语从句的先行词为“babies”,且从句缺少主语,故用关系代词“who”引导从句。
故选B。
5.—Whendidyougettoknowyourgirlfriend?
—Itwasin2015________shewasworkingasavolunteerinAfrica.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.then
【解析】考查定语从句连接词。
——你什么时候认识你女朋友的?
——是在2015年她到非洲做志愿者的时候认识的。
本句为定语从句修饰先行词“2015”,且先行词在从句中做时间状语,故用关系副词when。
故选C。
6.【2019·
江苏·
单项选择】Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.
A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that
我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。
句中先行词为“anage”(一个时代),且先行词在从句中作时间状语,所以关系词用when。
7.【2019·
天津·
单项选择】Theirchildisatthestage________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.
A.whyB.whereC.whichD.what
他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。
句中“shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences”是一个定语从句,先行词是“thestage”,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故选B。
8.Kate,_____sisterIsharedaroomwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.
A.withwhomB.whomC.withwhoseD.whose
【解析】这是一个复合句,主句是“KatehasgonetoworkinAustralia”,从句是“____sisterIsharedaroomwhenwewereatcollege”,从句修饰“Kate”,是定语从句,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰“sister”,词组sharesthwithsb.故用withwhose。
本题目要克服思维定势介+which/whom
9.WeallChinesepeoplearecalledontolearnfromLeiFeng_______wethinksetagoodexampletoallofus.
A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.whom
我们所有的中国人都应该向雷锋学习,我们认为他为我们树立了一个好榜样。
先行词是“LeiFeng”,表人,关系词在从句中作主语,因此只能用“从句中有插入语Wethink只能用who”,故选B。
10.Agoodgovernmentisnottopicktechnologies,buttoestablishconditions________innovationissupportedandencouragedintothemarketplace.
A.whenB.thatC.asD.where
【答案】D
一个好的政府不是挑选技术,而是建立一个支持和鼓励创新进入市场的条件。
句中包含定语从句,先行词是“conditions”指物,在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词“where”引导,故选D。
11.Weclimbeduptothetopofahill,___________wegotagoodviewofthewholeforestpark.
A.whichB.fromwhereC.whenD.that
我们爬上了山顶,在那里我们可以看到整个森林公园的美景。
此处“thetopofahill”是先行词,指地点,后面的非限制性定语从句不缺主谓宾语,缺一个地点状语,解释为“从那儿”,故选B。
12.OntheDoubleNinthFestival,manyoldpeoplewillgettogether,talkingaboutthepeopleandthethings________theycameacrossmanyyearsago.
A.whatB.whichC.whoD.that
在重阳节,很多老人会聚在一起,谈论多年前他们遇见的人和事。
“________theycameacrossmanyyearsago”是定语从句,修饰“thepeopleandthethings”,先行词即有人又有物,引导词在从句中做“comeacross”的宾语,故用关系代词“that”引导该从句。
D选项正确。
13.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.
A.whichB.whoC.asD.that
【答案】A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
她和家人骑自行车去上班,这有助于她们保持健康。
“_____helpsthemkeepfit”是非限制性定语从句,该从句修饰整个主句,引导词在从句中做主语,故该从句应用关系代词which引导。
A选项正确。
14.---HowCanIgetintouchwiththetravelagency,Robin?
---JustsurftheInternetandthencallone_____thetelephonenumberisprovided.
A.withwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.bywhich
【解析】本题考查定语从句。
先行词one指代atravelagency,ofwhichthetelephonenumber相当于whosetelephonenumber,故选C。
15.SuchimportantreformpoliciesassociatedwiththeinterestsofthegeneralpublicwereintroducedinChina______almosteachpersoncouldbenefitfrominlife.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.as
中国引进了如此重要的与大众利益密切相关的改革政策,该政策将使每个人受益。
先行词为Suchimportantreformpolicies,在从句中充当benefitfrom后面的宾语,因有such,故选D
三、定语从句巩固练习:
1.Weshouldbeawarethatthedegree_______ourdietissuccessfuldependsonourwillpower.
A.thatB.whichC.towhichD.onwhom
2.AtthewebsiteWordSpy,fappy,______isshortforfatandhappy,isdefinedasoverweightandhappywithone’slife.
A.whereB.whenC.whatD.which
3.Withcomputersreplacinghumansinmanyindustries,therehavebeenmanyreportsinrecentyears_______warnoffuturejoblosses.
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.as
4.Thenewgraduatehasstartedseveralmicro-enterpriseswithhisfriends,allof_____arewellmanagedandorganized.
A.whomB.thoseC.whichD.them
5.Agrandcelebrationalongwiththemilitaryparadewasbroa
dcastliveat11am,______millionsoffamiliesweresittinginfrontofthetelevision,watchingit.
A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that
6.Askilledworkforceisessential,iswhyourtrainingprogramissoimportant.
A.thatB.whichC.suchD.what
7.TikTok,knownasDouyininChina,isasocialmediaplatform________shortvideoscanbeeditedanduploadedeasily.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
8.PresidentXime