土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx

上传人:b****6 文档编号:19661373 上传时间:2023-01-08 格式:DOCX 页数:7 大小:34.32KB
下载 相关 举报
土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共7页
土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共7页
土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共7页
土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共7页
土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx_第5页
第5页 / 共7页
点击查看更多>>
下载资源
资源描述

土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx

《土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx(7页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。

土木工程专业英语结课论文Word文档下载推荐.docx

Ⅰ、观察验槽

观察验槽除检查基坑(槽)的位置、断面尺寸、标高和边坡等是否符合设计要求,重点应对整个基坑(槽)底的土质进行全面观察。

土质和颜色是否一样;

土的坚硬程度是否均匀一致,有无局部过软或过硬;

土的含水量是否异常,有无过干或过湿;

在坑(槽)底行走或夯拍时有无震颤或空穴声音等现象。

通过以上观察来分析判断坑(槽)底是否挖至老土层(地基持力层),是否需继续下挖或进行处理。

验槽的重点应以柱基、墙角、承重墙下或其他受力较大的部位为主。

、钎探验槽

钎探是用锤将钢钎打入坑(槽)底以下土层内的一定深度,根据锤击次数和入土难易程度来判断土的软硬情况及有无土洞、枯井、幕穴和软弱下卧土层等。

钎探步骤如下:

根据坑(槽)平面图进行钎探布点,并将钎探点依次编号绘制钎探点平面布置图;

准备锤和钢钎,同一工程应钎径一致,锤重一致;

按钎探顺序号进行钎探施工;

打钎时,要求用力一致,锤的落距一致。

每贯入30CM(称为一步),记录一次锤击数,填入钎探记录表内;

钎探结束后,要从上而下逐“步”分析钎探记录情况,再横向分析钎孔相互之间锤击次数,便可判断土层的构造和土质的软硬,并应将锤击次数过多或过少的钎孔予以标注,已备到现场重点检查和处理;

钎探后的孔要用砂填实。

3、地基加固

、地基加固原理

地基加固原理是:

“将土质由松变实”,“将土的含水量由高变低”,即可达到地基加固的目的。

工程实践中各种加固方法,诸如机械辗压法、重锤夯实法、挤密桩法、化学加固法、预压固结法、深层搅拌法等均是从这一加固原理出发。

、地基加固的方法

挖:

就是挖去软土层,把基础埋置在承载力大的基岩或坚硬的土层中。

此方法当软土层不厚时,利用坚硬的土层天然地基,很经济。

填:

当软土层很厚,而又需大面积对地基进行加固处理时,则可在软土层上直接回填一层一定厚度的好土,以提高低级的承载力,减小软土层的承压力。

换:

换就是将挖与填相结合,即换土垫层法。

夯:

就是利用打夯工具或机具(如木人、石硪、铁硪、蛙式打夯机、火力夯、电力夯、重锤夯、强力夯等)夯击土壤,排除土壤中的水分,加速土壤的固结,以提高土壤的密实度和承载力。

压:

就是利用压路机、羊足机、轮胎碾等机械碾压地基土壤,使地基压实排水固结。

其中有砂井堆载预压法、袋装砂井堆载预压法、塑料排水带堆载预压法、真空预压法。

挤:

先用带桩靴的工具式桩管打入土中,挤压土壤形成桩孔,然后拔出桩管,再在桩孔中灌注入砂石、素土、灰土等填充料进行捣实,或者随着填充料的灌入逐渐拔出桩管,这种方法最适用于加固松软饱和土地基。

拌:

是指用旋喷法或深层搅拌法加固地基。

其原理是利用高压射流切削土壤,旋喷浆液(水泥浆、水玻璃、丙凝等),搅拌浆土,使浆液和土壤混合,凝结成坚硬的柱体或土壁。

4、结论

基坑验槽的方法总体上分为两种,一种是观察验槽,这种方法只是大概的进行基坑(槽)的检验,但容易进行不需要工具。

第二种方法是钎探验槽,这种方法较上一种准确,但较为复杂,需要用工具才能进行。

我们经常将这两种方法结合起来用,在第一种方法没有把握的情况下再进行第二种方法。

地基加固处理简单的总结起来就是七个字:

挖、填、换、夯、压、挤、拌。

准确的做好这几项工作才能确保工程的准确进行,以避免不必要的损失。

【参考文献】普通高等学校土木工程专业新编系列教材,土木工程施工(第三版),武汉理工大学出版社。

译文:

Foundationtreatmentengineeringandtechnicalanalysis

LiuYueping

HebeiUniversityofEngineeringSchoolofCivilEngineering

[Abstract]isaboutfoundationpit(groove)examiningtroughandfoundationreinforcementtreatmentmethod,keypointisobservedinexaminingtroughanddrilldetectingtroughinspectionprincipleandmethod.Analyzestheprincipleoffoundationreinforcementandstrengtheningmethod.

[Keywords]observationcheckslot,drillingtroughinspection.

1,introduction:

towardabuildingbodyfoundationisveryimportant,however,doagoodjobinthebasicpittroughinspectionbeforewedo,onlyaccuratedatabeforewecangettroughinspectionofexistinglandproductionbasedscheme,thenknowneedfoundationreinforcement,suchastheneedtobeeffectivefastripereinforcementsoastoensurethefollow-upworksmoothly,shortentimelimitforaprojectisnotnecessary,inordertosavecosts.

2,foundationtrenchinspection

Ifthefoundationreinforcementtreatmentformustbenaturalfoundation,whenthepit(groove)digtobasedesignelevation,theconstructionunitmustinreconnaissance,design,inspectmanageunitandownerjointlycheckslot,eligibleandrearforfoundationengineeringconstruction.

I,observationcheckslot

Observationoftroughinspectioninspectionpit(groove)inadditiontotheposition,sectionsize,elevationandslopeandsoonwiththedesignrequirements,thekeyshouldthepit(groove)bottomsoilcomprehensiveobservation.

soilandthecoloristhesame;

soilhardnessisuniform,thereisnolocalsoftorstrong;

soilmoisturecontentisabnormalornot,thereisnotoodryorwet;

pit(groove)inbottomwalkingortampingshootingwithouttremororholesoundphenomenon.

Throughtheaboveobservationtoanalyzeandjudgethepit(groove)bottomdigtooldsoil(bearinglayerofFoundation),whethertocontinuetodigorprocessing.Troughinspectionshouldfocusontoaloadbearingwalls,wall,orotherlargerforcepartsofthemainly.

II,brazingtroughinspection

Brazingisahammerintothepit(groove)steelunderthesoilincertaindepth,accordingtothenumberofhammeringandhasdifficultytojudgethesoilsoftandhasnohole,hole,curtaincaveandsoftbottomlayer.

Brazingprocedureisasfollows:

accordingtothepit(groove)plansforthedrillingsites,anddrilldetectingpointsaresequentiallynumbereddrawingdrilldetectingpointlayout;

preparationofhammeranddrillrod,adrilldiameterengineeringshouldbeconsistent,theheavyhammerisconsistent;

pressdrillingsequencenumberfordrillingconstruction;

drilling,requirementstoconsistent,hammerdropdistanceconsistent.Eachpenetration30CM(calledstep),recordingahammeringnumber,fillinthedrillroddetectionrecord;

Aftertheendofthedrillroddetection,tofromgoupby"

step"

analysisofbrazingrecords,andhorizontalanalysisofdrillholebetweenthenumberofhammering,candeterminesoilstructureandsoilhardness,andshouldbethenumberofhammeringtoomuchortoolittleofthedrillholetobemarked,haspreparedtospotkeyexaminationandtreatment;

drillingholestobefilledwithsandafter.

3,foundationreinforcement

I,foundationreinforcementprinciple

Foundationreinforcementprincipleis:

"

thesoilbythepinerealchange"

"

soilmoisturechangesfromhightolow"

canachievethepurposeoffoundationreinforcement.Engineeringpracticeofstrengtheningmethods,suchasmechanicalpressingmethod,tampingmethod,compactionpilemethod,chemicalgrouting,preloadingconsolidationmethod,deepmixingmethodarefromthereinforcementprinciple.

II,foundationreinforcementmethod

Dug:

diggingtosoftsoil,thefoundationembeddedinlargebearingcapacityofrockandhardsoillayer.Thismethodwhenthesoftsoillayeristhick,thehardsoillayernaturalfoundation,economy.

Fill:

whenthesoftsoilisverythick,andlargeareaonfoundationreinforcementtreatment,maybeinthesoftsoillayerofcertainthicknessdirectlyBackfillingongoodsoil,inordertoimprovethelowbearingcapacityofsoftsoil,reducethebearingpressure.

Change:

changeistodigandfillthecombination,namelysoilreplacementcushionmethod.

Ram:

istheuseoframmingtoolsorequipment(suchaswoodenstatues,stoneme,ironI,frogrammer,fire,electricity,hammertampingrammer,strongcompactioncompactionsoil),exclusionofmoistureinthesoil,acceleratingsoilconsolidation,toimprovesoilcompactnessandbearingcapacity.

Pressure:

istheuseofroadroller,sheepfootmachine,tirerollermachinerolledfoundationsoil,thefoundationcompactionconsolidation.Thesanddrainpreloadingmethod,baggedsanddrainpreloadingmethodwithplasticdrainagebelt,preloading,vacuumpreloadingmethod.

Squeeze:

firstwithapileshoetooltypepilepipeintothesoil,extrudingsoilformingpilehole,andthenpulloutthepilepipe,andtheninthepileholeoffillinggravel,soil,limesoilorotherfillerforramming,orasfillingmaterialfilledintograduallypullingthepilepipe,themethodmostsuitableforreinforcementsoftsaturatedsoil.

Mixing:

referstotheuseofrotaryjetgroutingmethodorthedeepmixingmethodinfoundationreinforcement.Theprincipleistheuseofhighpressurewaterjetcuttingsoil,jetgrout(waterslurry,waterglass,acryliccoagulation),mixingcementsoil,theslurryandsoilmixture,condensedintoasolidcylinderoraclaywall.

4,conclusion

Foundationtrenchinspectionmethodsaregenerallydividedintotwokinds,onekindisobservedinexaminingtrough,thismethodisonlyapproximateforpit(groove)inspection,buteasilywithouttools.Thesecondkindofmethodisbrazingtroughinspection,thismethodisanaccurate,butisrelativelycomplex,needtousetoolsto.Weoftencombinesthesetwomethods,thefirstmethoddoesnotgraspthesituationofsecondkindsofmethods.Foundationreinforcementtreatmentofsimpleissummedupinsevenwords:

digging,filling,compaction,pressure,change,squeeze,mix.Accuratetodothisworktoensuretheprojectaccurately,soastoavoidunnecessarylosses.

[reference]Collegeofcivilengineeringmajornewtextbookseries,constructionofCivilEngineering(ThirdEdition),WuhanUniversityofTechnologypress.

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 总结汇报 > 实习总结

copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1