全国职称英语理工A真题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx

全国职称英语理工A真题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx

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　　A.controlB.easeC.experienceD.suffer

　　3.Ouraimwastoupdatethehealthservice,andwesucceeded.

　　A.offerB.provideC.fund 

D.modernize

　　4.Everyweekthemagazinepresentstheprofileofawell-knownsportspersonality.

　　A.descriptionB.successC.evidenceD.plan

　　5.Alltheflatsinthebuildinghadthesamelayout.

　　A.colorB.sizeC.functionD.arrangement

　　6.Newbornbabiescandiscriminatebetweenaman’sandawoman’svoice.

　　A.treatB.expressC.distinguishD.analyze

　　7.Theweatherwascrispandclearandyoucouldseethemountainsfiftymilesaway.

　　A.hotB.heavyC.freshD.windy

　　8.Nothingwouldinducemetovoteforhimagain.

　　A.teachB.helpC.attractD.discourage

　　9.WhenIheardthenoiseinthenextroom,Icouldn’tresisthaveapeep.

　　A.chanceB.lookC.visitD.try

　　10.Hercommentsaboutmenareutterlyridiculous.

　　A.slightlyB.partlyC.faintlyD.completely

　　11.Hewaswearyoftheconstantbattlebetweenthem.

　　A.fondB.proudC.tiredD.afraid

　　12.Shemovesfromoneexoticlocationtoanother.

　　A.unusualB.familiarC.similarD.proper

　　13.HehasbeengrantedasyluminFrance.

　　A.protectionB.powerC.reliefD.license

　　14.Thephotographsevokedmemoriesofour

　　A.storedB.blockedC.erased 

D.refreshed

　　15.Thewallsaremadeofhollowconcreteblocks.

　　A.emptyB.bigC.longD.new

　　二、阅读判断

　　Europa’swateryunderworld

　　Europa,oneofJupiter’s63knownmoons,looksbrightandicyonthesurface.Butappearancescanbedeceiving:

Mileswithinitscracked,frigidshell,Europaprobablyhidesgiantpoolsofliquidwater.Wherescientistsfindliquidwater,theyhopetofindlifeaswell.

　　Sincewecan’tgodivingintoEuropa’sdepthsjustyet,scientistsinsteadhavetoinvestigatethemoon’ssurfaceforcluestowhatliesbeneath.Inanewstudy,scientistsinvestigatedonegroupofstrangeicepatternsonEuropaandconcludedthattheformationsmarkthetopofanundergroundpoolthatholdsasmuchwaterastheU.S.GreatLakes.

　　PicturesofEuropa,whichisslightlysmallerthanEarth’smoon,clearlyshowatangled,icymishmashoflinesandcracksknownas“chaosterrains.”ThesechaoticplacescovermorethanhalfofEuropa.Formorethan10years,scientistshavewonderedwhatcausestheformations.Thenewstudysuggeststhattheyarisefromthemixingofvastundergroundstoresofliquidwaterwithicymaterialnearthesurface.

　　ForscientistswhosuspectthatEuropaalsomaybehidinglifebeneathitsicysurface,thenewsaboutthenewlakeisexciting.

　　“Itwouldbegreatiftheselakesharboredlife,”BritneySchmidt,aplanetaryscientistwhoworkedonthestudy,toldScienceNews.“Buteveniftheydidn’t,theysaythatEuropaisdoingsomethinginterestingandactiverightnow.”

　　Schmidt,ascientistattheUniversityofTexasatAustin,andhercolleagueswantedtoknowhowchaosterrainsform.Sincetheycouldn’trockettoEuropatoseeforthemselves,theysearchedforsimilarformationshereonEarth.TheystudiedcollapsediceshelvesinAntarcticaandicycapsonvolcanoesinIceland.ThosefeaturesonEarthformedwhenliquidwatermixedwithice.ThescientistsnowsuspectsomethingsimilarmightbehappeningonEuropa:

thataswaterandiceofdifferenttemperaturesmingleandshift,thesurfacefractures.Thiswouldexplainthejumbledicesculptures.

　　“FracturingcatastrophicallydisruptstheiceinthesamewaythatitcausesiceshelvestocollapseonEarth,”SchmidttoldScienceNews.SheandherteamfoundthattheprocesscouldbecausingchaosterrainstoformquicklyonEuropa.

　　Thenewstudysuggeststhatonthismoon,elementssuchasoxygenfromthesurfaceblendwiththedeepbodiesofwater.Thatmixturemaycreateanenvironmentthatsupportslife.

　　16.TheliquidwaterofanundergroundpoolofEuropaisestimatedxxxxxoftheUSGreatlakes.

　　A.RightB.WrongC.Notmention

　　17.ThestrangeicepatternsonEuropaareformedasaresultofaxxxxxundergroundwaterpool.

　　18.EuropaisthemostrecentlydiscoveredoneamongJupiter’s

　　19.ThesizeofEuropaisabitlargerthanthatofEarth’smoon.

　　20.SchmidtandhercolleaguesarethefirstgroupofscientistsxxxxxEuropa.

　　21.TheformationsonEuropa’ssurfaceareratheruniqueinthe

　　22.Theexistenceofliquidwaterisanecessityforalife-support

　　三、概括大意与完成句子

　　LearnaboutNobleGases（惰性气体）

　　1　Haveyoueverriddenonaballoon?

Manytouristspotsofferballoonridesinorderforpeopletoseethebeautyofaplacefromabove.Aballooncontainsanoblegascalledhelium（氦）.Formerly,balloonscontainedhydrogenbuthydrogenisveryflammableanddangerouswhenuncontrolled.Therefore,peopleshiftedtohelium,whichissafer.Heliumissafebecauseithasthepropertiesofthenoblegases.

　　2　Peopleoncebelievedthatnoblegasescouldn’tchemicallyreactatall.Forthisreason,theywerecalledinertgases（惰性气体）.TheywerealsolistedunderGroup0intheoldperiodictablebecausescientistsbelievedthatthegaseshavezerovalence（价）electronsintheiroutershell.Thiswaslaterproventobeuntruewhensomenoblegascompoundswerediscovered.

　　3　Thegasesareelements,whichsharesimilarproperties.Thesepropertiesincludebeingmonoatomic,colorless,odorless,beingabletoconductelectricity,andhavinglowchemicalreactivity.NoblegasesincludeHelium,Neon,Argon,Krypton,XenonandRadon.TheseareallfoundinGroup18,intherightmostcolumnoftheperiodictable.Ifyoulookattheperiodictable,youwillnoticethattheseelementsaretheonlyones,whichdonothaveacharge.Heliumhasthelowestmolecular（分子的）weightwhileRadonistheheaviest.

　　4Rememberthatchemicalreactionsoccurbecauseatomshavevalenceelectrons,whichareelectronsintheiroutershell.Whentheoutershellis“unfilled”ortherequirednumberofelectronsisnotyetcomplete,theatomismorereactive.Noblegaseshaveafulloutershell,meaningthattheyhavecompleteelectronsintheiroutershell.Thiscompletenumbervaries.Forinstance,theoutershellofHeliumhas2valenceelectronswhiletheoutershellofXenonhas8electrons.Nowadays,thereremainstobeafewnoblegasesbecauseofthelowchemicalreactivityofthesesaidgases.

　　A.whatistheperiodictable?

B.Whatarenoblegases?

C.Whatcausesthelowchemicalreactivityofnoblegases?

D.Howwerenoblegasesdiscovered?

E.Howwerenoblegasesunderstoodinthepast?

F.whataretheapplicationsofnoblegases?

　　5becauseoftheirproperties,noblegaseshavemanyimportantapplications.Theyarewidelyusedinmedicineandindustries.Forinstance,liquidHeliumisusedforsuperconductingmagnets（磁体）.Thesemagnetsareveryimportantinphysicsandmedicine.Whenadoctorsuspectsthataperson’sbrainhasbeendamaged,hemightrequestforMagneticResonanceImaging（MRI）.MRIallowsthedoctorto“see”thebrain,withoutoperatingonthepatient.

　　23.paragraph2__E___

　　24.paragraph3__B____

　　25.paragraph4___C____

　　26.paragraph5___F_____

　　27.Noblegasesarenotverychemically 

A

　　28.AmongtheelementsofnoblegasesHeliumisthe 

B

　　29.Therequirednumberofelectronsinnoblegases’outershellis 

D

　　30.MRImaymakeoperatingonthepatient 

F

　　A.reactiveB.lightestC.importantD.completeE.flammableF.unnecessary

that