全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一试题完整版及参考答案.docx

全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一试题完整版及参考答案.docx

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全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一试题完整版及参考答案

2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on

ANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareasrelatedasfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.Thatis1a

studypublishedfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNational

AcademyofSciences,has2.

Thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted31932uniquesubjectswhich4pairsofunrelatedfriendsand

unrelatedstrangers.Thesamepeoplewereusedinboth5.While1%mayseem6,itisnotsotoageneticist.As

JamesFowler,professorofmedicalgeneticsatUCSanDiego,says,Mostpeopledonoteven7theirfourth

cousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho8ourkin.

Thestudy9foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfriendsbutnotgenesforimmunity.Why

thissimilarityinolfactorygenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow.10Perhaps,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsusto

similarenvironmentsbutthereismore11it.Therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingintandemthat12usin

choosinggeneticallysimilarfriends13thannalkinshipofbeingfriendswith14!

Oneoftheremarkable

findingsofthestudywasthatthesimilargenesseemtobeevolving15thanothergenes.Studyingthiscould

help16whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor17

factor.

Thefindingsdonotsimplycorroboratepeoples18tobefriendthoseofsimilar19backgrounds,saythe

researchers.ThoughallthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationofEuropeanextraction,carewastakento20

thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangersweretakenfromthesamepopulation.Theteamalsocontrolledthedatato

checkancestryofsubjects.

SectionIIReadingComprehension

1、What

2、Concluded

22

3、On

4、Compared

5、Samples

6、Insignificant

7、Know

8、Resemble

9、Also

10、Perhaps

11、To

12、Drive

13、Ratherthan

14、Benefits

15、Faster

16、understand

17、Contributory

18、Tendency

19、Ethnic

20、see

23

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Mark

youranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

原标题：

2015年考研英语一真题答案（完整版）

TEXT1

KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsistedkingsdontabdicate,theydieintheirsleep.Butembarrassingscandals

andthepopularityoftherepublicansleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstand

down.So,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?

Doesthatmeanthewritingison

thewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyles?

TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.Whenpublicopinionisparticularly

polarized,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFranceregime,monarchscanriseabovemerepolitiesandembody

aspiritofnationalunity.

Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpolitiesthatexplainsmonarchyscontinuingpopularityasheadsofstate.And

so,theMiddleEastexpected,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms（not

countingVaticanCityandAndorra）.ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyal

familieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbut

respectedpublicfigure.

Evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,their

veryhistory-andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday-embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesand

inequalities.AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarmingofrisinginequalityandthe

increasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolic

heartofmoderndemocraticstates.

Themostsuccessfulmonarchiesstrivetoabandonorhidetheiroldaristocraticways.Princesandprincesses

haveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses（orhelicopters）.Evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywith

theinternational1%,andmediaintrusivenessmakesitincreasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.

WhileEuropesmonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsometimetocome,itistheBritish

royalswhohavemosttofearfromtheSpanishexample.

24

ItisonlytheQueenwhohaspreservedthemonarchysreputationwithherratherordinary（ifwell-heeled）

grannystyle.ThedangerwillcomewithCharles,whohasbothanexpensivetasteoflifestyleandapretty

hierarchicalviewoftheworld.Hehasfailedtounderstandthatmonarchieshavelargelysurvivedbecausethey

provideaservice-asnon-controversialandnon-politicalheadsofstate.CharlesoughttoknowthatasEnglish

historyshows,itiskings,notrepublicans,whoarethe